Essays. Spiritual Resurrection of Rodion Raskolnikov (based on Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novel “Crime and Punishment”) Victory and defeat

Raskolnikov’s theory was formed by chance: he accidentally overheard a conversation in a pub, and a kind of justification for this idea, created in him by the extremely difficult circumstances of his life, arose in his head.

Raskolnikov's thought had already dwelled on the question of the relativity of the concepts of good and evil in life. Among humanity, Raskolnikov distinguished a small group of people who stood, as it were, above questions about good and evil, above ethical assessments of actions and deeds, people for whom, due to their genius, their high usefulness for humanity, nothing can serve as an obstacle to whom everything is allowed. The rest, who do not leave the circle of mediocrity, the masses, the crowd, must obey the existing general norms and laws and serve as a means of the high goals of the chosen people. Moral rules do not exist for the latter; they can break them, because their ends justify their means.

This is how Raskolnikov justifies the right of an exceptional individual to commit crimes in the name not of animals and egoistic, but of common and lofty goals. Raskolnikov understands that this course of action must also correspond to the special mental structure of the personality of a person who is ready to “transgress” morality. For this, he must be the owner of a strong will, iron endurance, and in him, over the feelings of fear, despair, timidity, only the consciousness of the set intellectual goals must dominate. Having fallen into despair and melancholy, Raskolnikov needs to prove to himself that he is not a “trembling creature,” that he dares, perhaps, that he is destined to go through all his destiny. “Power is given only to those who dare to bend down and take it. There’s only one thing: you just have to dare!”

Thus, the planned murder attracts Raskolnikov not as an opportunity for enrichment, but as a victory over himself, as a confirmation of his strength, as proof that he is not “material” for construction, but the builder himself. Conceiving a crime, Raskolnikov completely immerses himself in theory, in philosophical reflections, and he is much more interested in logical conclusions than in the results of actions. He remains a theorist, a thinker, even when he fulfills all his plans. And, despite the fact that, as it seemed, he foresaw and provided for everything in advance, he could not foresee the most important thing precisely because he is a man of thought, not action.

For the proud young man, need and the humiliations and insults associated with it served as one of the first impetuses for making a decision. Pawning his belongings with the moneylender, Raskolnikov felt disgust and anger, aroused in him by the sight and entire surroundings of the sinister old woman. And when one day he accidentally overheard a conversation between two students in a beer bar about murder, the arguments of one of them were, as it were, an echo of Raskolnikov’s own unconscious conviction.

Although the student who so ardently defended this point of view admitted that he himself could not have confirmed it with action and would not have committed murder, this thought sank into Raskolnikov’s head, and he thought about it a lot. He also dwelled on the practical consequences of the crime: the old woman’s money would give him the opportunity to graduate from university, help his mother and sister, and begin activities useful to society. But then he is completely captivated by his own theory about genius and the crowd, about people of strength and will, about strong lone builders - and the crowd as material for buildings.

It becomes necessary for Raskolnikov to prove to himself at all costs that he has enough strength and determination to justify his bold theory in practice. Completely overwhelmed by the feverish and persistent work of thought, exhausted by hunger, he becomes a victim of his obsession and, as if hypnotized, no longer has the strength to tear himself away from the intended path.

At first he struggled with himself, something in him protested against his decision, the thought of murder filled him with melancholy and disgust. But then he somehow mechanically obeyed his idea, no longer in control of himself, but as if fulfilling someone else’s will. “It was as if,” says the author, “someone took him by the hand and pulled him along, irresistibly, blindly, with unnatural strength, without objection. It was as if he had caught a piece of clothing in the wheel of a car, and he began to be pulled into it.”

Random external circumstances prompt him to carry out his plan. Having provided for some little things, Raskolnikov thought that he had discovered complete preparation for a new life according to his “new morality.” But the circumstances that unfolded after the murder showed the theorist that immediate life and its events have their own special logic, smashing into dust all the arguments and reasoning of an abstract theory. From his own terrible experience, Raskolnikov became convinced of the mistakes he had made.

Date of publication: November 26, 2016

Final essay on the topic “The most important victory is victory over oneself”, direction “Victory and defeat”

Introduction (intro):

Victory and defeat are very closely related. These are the two most important components life path every person. Without one, the other cannot exist. To ultimately achieve victory, you need to suffer many failures, which are so common in our lives. When discussing these two concepts, the quote comes in handy: “The most important victory is victory over oneself.”

A comment: the topic is not covered; in the essay the author talks about defeating oneself, but does not explain what, in his opinion, it means to defeat oneself. According to the first criterion, “Compliance with the topic, failure.”

To correct it, you need to write what it means to defeat yourself and why this is the most important victory. The answers to these questions will serve as the thesis.

Argument 1:
The theme of victory and defeat is interesting for writers of different eras, since the heroes literary works very often they try to conquer themselves, their fear, laziness and uncertainty. For example, in Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky’s novel “Crime and Punishment” main character Rodion Raskolnikov is a poor but proud student. He has been living in St. Petersburg for several years, since he came to study at the university. But soon, Raskolnikov dropped out of school because his mother stopped sending him money. After this, the main character first comes to the old pawnbroker with the goal of pawning valuable things from her. Then he has the idea to kill the old woman and take possession of her money. Having thought about your intentions, Roskolnikov (RASKOLNIKOV) decides to commit a crime, but he himself does not fully believe in the possibility of its implementation. By killing not only the old woman, but also her pregnant sister, he gained victory over himself and his indecision, as it seemed to him. But soon the thought of the crime he had committed began to weigh down and torment him. Rodion realized that he had done something terrible, and his “victory” turned into defeat.

A comment: There is a lot of information written that is not related to the topic. Ultimately, the argument comes down to the fact that Raskolnikov's victory turned out to be a defeat. An excellent argument, but unfortunately it is not suitable for this topic.

Speech errors - this is all right, but train yourself to use past tense verbs in your arguments; you mixed the present tense with the past, which will be regarded as a speech error. And you can do without them.

The proportions of the essay are broken, the argument needs to be shortened a little.

Argument 2:

The next striking example of thinking about victories and defeats (logical error - we talk about victory over ourselves), is the novel “Oblomov” by Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov. The main character Ilya Ilyich is a Russian landowner, approximately thirty-two or three years old. (thirty-two - thirty-three or simply “about thirty”) from birth. Oblomov all the time lying on the sofa and when I started reading, immediately fell asleep. But when meets (met) with Olga Sergeevna Ilyinskaya, who awakens (awakens) In the semi-literate Oblomov's interest in literature, the hero firmly decides to change and become worthy of his new acquaintance, with whom he managed to fall in love. But love, which carries within itself the need for action and self-improvement, is doomed in Oblomov’s case. Olga demands too much from Oblomov, but Ilya Ilyich cannot stand such a stressful life and gradually breaks up with her. Ilya Ilyich pondered the meaning of life, understood that it was impossible to live like this, but still did nothing. Oblomov failed to defeat himself. However, the defeat did not upset him so much. At the end of the novel, we see the hero in a quiet family circle, he is loved and cared for, as he once was in childhood. This is the ideal of his life, this is what he wanted and achieved. Also, however, having won a “victory”, because his life has become the way he wants it to be.

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Each of us has wondered more than once what is the difference between victory and defeat? The answer is simple: winning makes you feel stronger, more confident in your intentions and goals. When we win, we feel satisfied: what we strived for finally gives results, which means that the desire is not in vain. But defeat is the opposite: it makes us feel insecure; after numerous losses and miscalculations, we are afraid of another failure. But, on the other hand, they provide invaluable experience and provide an understanding of where the cause of defeat lies. Therefore, after countless failures, seemingly hopeless losers become winners. This means that these extremes are interdependent: without defeats it is impossible to learn to win. Is it so?

For example, let’s take F. M. Dostoevsky’s work “Crime and Punishment,” where the author raises the main issues that have puzzled people for hundreds of years. The main character of the work, Rodion Raskolnikov, kills an old money-lender, wanting to use her money for the benefit of all the poor. The killer wants to decide for himself who he is: “a trembling creature” or “one who has the right.” The hero wanted to keep his crime a secret, but in the end he told Sonya Marmeladova, and later the investigator, about it. While in hard labor, Rodion admitted his guilt and repented. He realized that by killing the old woman, he had become a “trembling creature” and an outcast from society. And when he went through this defeat, he realized all the mistakes in better side. And we can consider this to be his personal victory.

Also, as an example, we can cite Turgenev’s work “Fathers and Sons”. The hero of this work, Evgeny Bazarov, believed only in science. In many disputes, he defeated his opponents with the power of his mind or the energy of his protest, and in many cases he turned out to be the winner, helping people get rid of the disease. With the same zeal, he fought against love for a woman - a feeling that he considered unacceptable. When he met Anna Sergeevna and fell in love with her, he became bitter against himself so as not to lose. However, after some time, he suffered a fiasco and confessed his feelings. Having reviewed your life principles, he became a better person and began to look at the world differently. And this is also his personal victory, albeit belated.

Thus, I come to the conclusion that a real (and not accidental) victory is impossible without defeats preceding it. Only after going through defeat and examining your mistakes can you learn to go all the way towards your intended goal and gain the upper hand. The main thing is not to despair and understand the reasons for failures, and then use this knowledge in life.

“The most important victory is victory over oneself” Final essay

Victory and defeat are very closely related. These are the two most important components of every person’s life path. Without one, the other cannot exist. To ultimately achieve victory, you need to suffer many failures, which are so common in our lives. When discussing these two concepts, the following quote comes in handy: “The most important victory is victory over oneself.”

The theme of victory and defeat is interesting for writers of different eras, since the heroes of literary works very often try to defeat themselves, their fear, laziness and uncertainty. For example, in Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky's novel Crime and Punishment, the main character Rodion Raskolnikov is a poor but proud student. He has been living in St. Petersburg for several years, since he came to study at the university. But soon, Raskolnikov dropped out of school because his mother stopped sending him money. After this, the main character first comes to the old pawnbroker with the goal of pawning valuable things from her. Then he has the idea to kill the old woman and take possession of her money. Having considered his intentions, Roskolnikov decides to commit a crime, but he himself does not fully believe in the possibility of its implementation. By killing not only the old woman, but also her pregnant sister, he gained victory over himself and his indecision, as it seemed to him. But soon the thought of the crime he had committed began to weigh down and torment him. Rodion realized that he had done something terrible, and his “victory” turned into defeat.

The next striking example of thinking about victories and defeats is the novel “Oblomov” by Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov. The main character, Ilya Ilyich, is a Russian landowner, approximately thirty-two or three years old. Oblomov lay on the sofa all the time and when he started reading, he immediately fell asleep. But when he meets Olga Sergeevna Ilyinskaya, who awakens an interest in literature in the semi-literate Oblomov, the hero firmly decides to change and become worthy of his new acquaintance, with whom he managed to fall in love. But love, which carries within itself the need for action and self-improvement, is doomed in Oblomov’s case. Olga demands too much from Oblomov, and Ilya Ilyich cannot stand such a stressful life and gradually breaks up with her. Ilya Ilyich pondered the meaning of life, understood that it was impossible to live like this, but still did nothing. Oblomov failed to defeat himself. However, the defeat did not upset him so much. At the end of the novel, we see the hero in a quiet family circle, he is loved and cared for, as he once was in childhood. This is the ideal of his life, this is what he wanted and achieved. Also, however, having won a “victory”, because his life has become the way he wants it to be.

So, summarizing what has been said, we can draw the following conclusion: Every person is, in one way or another, the main character of his life. Any small victory over oneself gives great hope in one’s own strength. And this is correct, because only the one who has conquered himself, who has conquered his fear, his laziness and his uncertainty, wins in this life.