Essay Tvardovsky A.T. Tvardovsky's attitude towards Terkin in the poem "Vasily Terkin" The author's position in the poem Vasily Terkin

Work on literature. A.T. Tvardovsky “Vasily Terkin”.

1.What does the poem tell the reader about? Vasily Terkin»?

A.T. During the Great Patriotic War, Tvardovsky became an exponent of the spirit of soldiers and ordinary people. His poem “Vasily Terkin” helps people survive a terrible time, believe in themselves, because the poem was created during the war, chapter by chapter. "Vasily Terkin" - "a book about a fighter." The poem was written about the war, but the main thing for Alexander Tvardovsky was to show the reader how to live during the years of difficult trials. That's why main character, Vasya Terkin, dances, plays the musical instrument, preparing dinner, joking. The hero lives in war, and for the writer this is very important, since in order to survive, any person needs to love life very much.

2.What is main idea Chapters "Crossing"?

The chapter “Crossing” describes how Terkin accomplished a feat when, having found himself on the right bank, he returned by swimming to the left to ask for support. The crossing is dangerous both for Vasily Terkin’s comrades and for himself:

People are warm and alive
We went to the bottom, to the bottom, to the bottom...

Vasily Terkin bravely agrees to swim across the icy river, and when he finds himself on the opposite bank, frozen and tired, he immediately begins to report, showing his responsibility and sense of duty:

Allow me to report...
The platoon on the right bank is alive and well

to spite the enemy!

The title of the chapter “About the Reward” reflects the event described.

The poet speaks about Tyorkin’s modesty in this chapter:

- No, guys, I'm not proud.
Without looking into the distance,
So I’ll say: why do I need an order?
I agree to a medal.

In the chapter “About the Reward,” Tyorkin comically talks about how he would behave if he returned from the war to his native village; says that for representativeness he absolutely needs a medal. Terkin’s dream of a reward (“I agree to a medal”) is not a vain desire to become famous or stand out. In fact, this is the desire to see our native lands and native people free.

4. In the chapter “At a Rest,” the poet talks about Sabantuy. What is it?

Terkin himself answers this question:

And how many of you know

What is Sabantui?

- Is Sabantuy some kind of holiday?

Or what is it - Sabantuy?

- Sabantuy can be different,

If you don’t know, don’t interpret

Here under the first bombing

You'll lie down from hunting,

You're still alive - don't worry:

- This is a small Sabantui.

Take a breather, eat a hearty meal,

Light a cigarette and don't blow your nose.

It's worse, brother, like a mortar

Suddenly Sabantuy will begin.

He will penetrate you deeper, -

Kiss Mother Earth.

But keep in mind, my dear,

This is an average Sabantui.

Sabantuy is science for you,

The enemy is fierce - he himself is fierce.

But it's a completely different thing

This is the main Sabantui.

5. It is known that many soldiers considered Vasily Terkin their fellow soldier and never parted with the book. How can this be explained?

The poem "Vasily Terkin" was written by Alexander Trifonovich Tvardovsky during the Great Patriotic War and was published in various newspapers in chapters. This work supported the morale of the soldiers, gave them hope, inspired them and, most importantly, it could be read from any chapter. This is due to the fact that each chapter in the poem is a separate story, which is full of deep patriotism, optimism, and faith in the future.

Image Soviet soldier Vasily Terkin was conceived as a feuilleton image designed to make soldiers at the front laugh and raise their morale.

Throughout the Great Patriotic War, the image of Vasya Terkin remained the most beloved among fighters. This phenomenon can be explained by the fact that this hero captivated the hearts of readers with his reality and authenticity.

6. Characteristics of Vasily Terkin.

The image of the main character Vasily Terkin, a simple Russian soldier, is an example of human dignity, courage, love for the Motherland, honesty and selflessness. All these qualities of the hero are revealed in each chapter of the work.

Since the work was written during the war, it goes without saying that the main qualities of the hero, which the author focuses on, are selfless courage, heroism, a sense of duty and responsibility.

He symbolic image, man-people, collective Russian type. It is no coincidence that nothing is said about his personal biography. He is “a great hunter of living until he is ninety years old,” a peaceful, civilian man, a soldier by necessity. His usual life on the collective farm was interrupted by the war. War for him is a natural disaster, hard work. The entire poem is permeated with a dream of a peaceful life.

Already at the first mention, the surname Terkin outlines the boundaries of character: Terkin means an experienced, seasoned man, “a seasoned kalach,” or, as the poem says, “a seasoned man.”

The world heard through the menacing thunder,

Vasily Terkin repeated:

- We'll endure it. Let's grind...

Terkin - who is he?

Let's be honest:

Just a guy himself

He's ordinary.

Terkin’s image is a generalized image, for all its realism and ordinariness. Tvardovsky gives his hero an “all-Russian” appearance and avoids portrait marks.

("Endowed with beauty / He was not excellent. / Not tall, not that small, / But a hero-hero.") Terkin is both a bright, unique personality, and at the same time he includes the features of many people, he is like would be repeated many times in others.

It is important that Terkin belongs to the most massive branch of the military - the infantry. The hero is an infantryman. “It contains the pathos of the infantry, the army closest to the earth, to the cold, to fire and death,” Tvardovsky wrote at the very beginning of his plan. Terkin is one of the unskilled workers of the war, on whom the country rests, who bore the burden of the war on their shoulders.

7. What brings Vasily Terkin closer to the heroes folk tales, Russian heroes Ilya Muromets, Alyosha Popovich and others?

The image of Terkin has folklore roots, it is “a hero, a fathom in the shoulders”, “a merry fellow”, “an experienced man”. Behind the illusion of simplicity, buffoonery, and mischief lie moral sensitivity and an organically inherent sense of filial duty to the Motherland, the ability to accomplish a feat at any moment without phrases or poses.

In the image of Terkin, Tvardovsky portrays best qualities Russian character - courage, perseverance, resourcefulness, optimism and great devotion to their native land.

Your dear mother earth,
In days of trouble and in days of victory
There is no one brighter and more beautiful than you,
And there is nothing more desirable to the heart...

It is in the defense of the Motherland, life on earth that the justice of the people's Patriotic War lies (“The battle is going on, holy and right, a mortal battle is not for the sake of glory, for the sake of life on earth...”).

Terkin lives, as it were, in two dimensions: on the one hand, he is a very real soldier, a staunch fighter of the Soviet Army. On the other hand, this is a Russian fairy-tale soldier-hero who does not burn in fire and does not drown in water.

The hero is not the same as in the fairy tale -
Carefree giant
And in a traveling belt.
A simple man...
Firm in torment and proud in grief
Terkin is alive and cheerful, damn it!

Terkin enters into single combat with a strong, physically superior opponent. On the one hand, the author enlarges this episode:

Tvardovsky writes at the intersection of pathos and irony, epic scope and sober reality.

Terkin in the book is not only an epic, national type, but also a personality. Folklore heroes in epics remain the same from the beginning to the end of the story. The image of Terkin is given in evolution: the closer to the end of the work, the more sad reflections appear in the poem. In the first chapters, the hero is a joker, cheerful, but not careless, not lost in any circumstances, and this was very important in hard days war. At the end of the chapter “On the Dnieper,” Terkin smokes silently away from his rejoicing comrades, and the last lines of the chapter show him from an unexpected side:

The problems raised by the writer in this work also help to reveal the military theme of the poem: attitude towards death, the ability to stand up for oneself and others, a sense of responsibility and duty to the homeland, the relationship between people at critical moments in life. Tvardovsky talks with the reader about painful issues, uses a special artistic character, – the image of the author. Chapters “About Myself” appear in the poem. This is how the writer brings his main character closer to his own worldview. Together with his character, the author empathizes, sympathizes, feels satisfied or indignant:

From the first days of the bitter year,

In the difficult hour of our native land,

Not joking, Vasily Terkin,

You and I have become friends...

The war is depicted by Tvardovsky in blood, labor and hardship. Endless night, frost. But a bit of a soldier’s sleep, not even a dream, but a heavy oblivion, bizarrely mixed with reality. In the minds of those who remained on this left bank, pictures of the death of their comrades arise. Their possible death is depicted in mundane - but even more terrible - details. The poet ends his thoughts about the soldiers who died at the crossing, and not only about these soldiers, with pathetic lines.

The dead are immortal, and the land where “their traces are frozen forever” becomes a monument to soldier’s glory.

The war described by Alexander Trifonovich Tvardovsky in the poem does not seem to the reader a universal catastrophe, an unspeakable horror. Since main character works - Vasya Terkin - is always able to survive in difficult conditions, laugh at himself, support a friend, and this is especially important for the reader - it means that there will be a different life, people will start laughing heartily, singing songs loudly, joking - a time of peace will come. The poem “Vasily Terkin” is full of optimism and faith in a better future.

Alexander Tvardovsky is the greatest Russian poet. V. Soloukhin said very correctly about him: “The most important, most decisive events in the life of the country and people were best reflected in his poetry.”

From the first days to the end of the war, A. T. Tvardovsky was at the front. During the war years he created the poem “Vasily Terkin”. It became a true chronicle of the war, an understanding of the heroic feat of the people.

In the center of A. T. Tvardovsky’s poem “Vasily Terkin” is a simple Russian soldier, the most ordinary. He is endowed with folk originality, sharpness of mind, and humor.

From the first days of the bitter year,

In the difficult hour of our native land,

Not joking, Vasily Terkin,

You and I have become friends.

Tvardovsky repeats these lines more than once, emphasizing his relationship with the hero. Loving his hero, the author creates a “book about a fighter” “without end.” Why endlessly? The poet answers this question simply: “I just feel sorry for the fellow.”

From Moscow, from Stalingrad

You are always with me -

My pain, my joy,

My rest and my feat!

Tvardovsky is from the Smolensk region, and the heroes are his fellow countryman. Terkin is a true patriot. He loves with all his heart native land, ready to fight for her to the end. Courageously entering into battle with the Germans, knocking out their planes, patiently enduring all the hardships of military life, Terkin did not doubt for a minute the correctness of his cause, he never wavered, fighting a “holy and just” battle.

My dear mother earth,

My forest side

A land suffering in captivity!

These lines are full of bitterness and heart-squeezing suffering. “I was robbed and humiliated, like you, by one enemy,” the poet says to his reader.

And I’ll tell you, I won’t hide it, -

In this book, here and there,

What a hero should say

I speak personally myself.

I am responsible for everything around me,

And notice, if you didn’t notice,

Like Terkin, my hero,

Sometimes it speaks for me.

In the chapter “About Love,” Tvardovsky reflects on how important it is for a fighter that someone is waiting for him and someone loves him, someone sends him warm letters. “The love of a wife... in war is stronger than war and, perhaps, death,” he writes, and at the same time he worries about his hero, who “stayed away” from love. “You will love him, Girls, by God!” - the poet says hotly and declares that they cannot find a better person than Terkin.

The poet infects the reader with his love for the hero. He rightly remarks about Terkin:

Everyone will like you

And you will enter the hearts of others.

Tvardovsky emphasizes in his hero the presence of the best human qualities: kindness, heartfelt sensitivity, courage, presence of mind, sense of humor, simplicity. For him, Terkin is a “miracle man.”

Great Patriotic War refers to those events in the history of the country that remain in the memory of the people for a long time. Such events greatly change people's ideas about life and art. The war caused an unprecedented surge in literature, music, painting, and cinema. But, perhaps, there has not been and will not be a more popular work about the war than the poem “Vasily Terkin” by Alexander Trifonovich Tvardovsky.

A. T. Tvardovsky wrote about the war firsthand. At the very beginning of the war, he, like many other writers and poets, went to the front. And walking along the roads of war, the poet creates an amazing monument to the Russian soldier and his feat. The hero of “The Book about a Soldier,” as the author himself defined the genre of his work, is Vasily Terkin, who is a collective image of a Russian soldier. But there is another hero in the book - the author himself. We cannot even say that it is always Tvardovsky himself. Rather, we are talking about that generalized image of the author-narrator that is present in “Eugene Onegin”, “Hero of Our Time” and other works that form the basis of the Russian literary tradition. Although some facts from the poem coincide with the real biography of A. T. Tvardovsky, the author is clearly endowed with many of Terkin’s traits, they are constantly together (“Terkin - further. The author follows”). This allows us to say that the author in the poem is also a man of the people, a Russian soldier, who differs from Terkin, in fact, only in that “he completed his course in the capital.” A. T. Tvardovsky makes Terkin his fellow countryman. And therefore the words

I'm trembling from acute pain,

Bitter and holy malice.

Mother, father, sisters

Behind that line I have -

become the words of both the author and his hero. Amazing lyricism colors those lines of the poem that talk about the “small homeland” that each of the soldiers who took part in the war had. The author loves his hero and admires his actions. They are always unanimous:

And I’ll tell you, I won’t hide it, -

In this book, here and there,

What a hero should say

I speak personally myself.

I am responsible for everything around me,

And notice, if you didn’t notice,

Like Terkin, my hero,

Sometimes it speaks for me.

The author in the poem is an intermediary between the hero and the reader. A confidential conversation is constantly conducted with the reader; the author respects the “friend-reader”, and therefore strives to convey to him the “real truth” about the war. The author feels his responsibility to the readers, he understands how important it was not only to talk about the war, but also to instill in the readers (and we remember that “Vasily Terkin” was published in separate chapters during the war, and the idea dates back to the time of the Finnish War) faith in the indestructible spirit of the Russian soldier, optimism. Sometimes the author seems to invite the reader to check the truth of his judgments and observations. Such direct contact with the reader greatly contributes to the fact that the poem becomes understandable to a large circle of people.

You can live without food for a day,

More is possible, but sometimes

In a one-minute war

Can't live without a joke

Jokes of the most unwise.

The text of the poem is filled with jokes, sayings, and sayings, and it is impossible to determine who their author is: the author of the poem, the hero of the poem Terkin, or the people in general.

The author’s observational skills, the vigilance of his gaze and the skill of conveying the details of front-line life are striking. The book becomes a kind of “encyclopedia” of war, written “from nature”, in a field setting. The author is faithful not only to details. He felt the psychology of a person in war, felt the same fear, hunger, cold, was just as happy and sad... And most importantly, “The Book about a Soldier” was not written to order, there is nothing ostentatious or deliberate in it, it was an organic expression of need the author to tell his contemporaries and descendants about that war in which “the battle is holy and just. Mortal combat is not for the sake of glory, for the sake of life on earth.”

Essay Tvardovsky A.T. - Vasily Terkin

Topic: - The image of the author in A. T. Tvardovsky’s poem “Vasily Terkin”

I'm trembling from acute pain,
Bitter and holy malice.
Mother, father, sisters
Behind that line I have -

They become the words of both the author and his hero. Amazing lyricism colors those lines of the poem that talk about the “small homeland” that each of the soldiers who took part in the war had. The author loves his hero and admires his actions. They are always unanimous:

And I’ll tell you, I won’t hide it, -
In this book, here and there,
What a hero should say
I speak personally myself.
I am responsible for everything around me,
And notice, if you didn’t notice,
Like Terkin, my hero,
Sometimes it speaks for me.

The author in the poem is an intermediary between the hero and the reader. A confidential conversation is constantly conducted with the reader; the author respects the “friend-reader”, and therefore strives to convey to him the “real truth” about the war. The author feels his responsibility to the readers, he understands how important it was not only to talk about the war, but also to instill in the readers (and we remember that “Vasily Terkin” was published in separate chapters during the war, and the idea dates back to the time of the Finnish War) faith in the indestructible spirit of the Russian soldier, optimism. Sometimes the author seems to invite the reader to check the truth of his judgments and observations. Such direct contact with the reader greatly contributes to the fact that the poem becomes understandable to a large circle of people.
The poem constantly permeates the author's subtle humor. At the very beginning of the poem, the author calls a joke the most necessary thing in a soldier’s life:

You can live without food for a day,
More is possible, but sometimes
In a one-minute war
Can't live without a joke
Jokes of the most unwise.

The text of the poem is filled with jokes, sayings, and sayings, and it is impossible to determine who their author is: the author of the poem, the hero of the poem Terkin, or the people in general.
The author’s observational skills, the vigilance of his gaze and the skill of conveying the details of front-line life are striking. The book becomes a kind of “encyclopedia” of war, written “from nature”, in a field setting. The author is faithful not only to details. He felt the psychology of a person in war, felt the same fear, hunger, cold, was just as happy and sad... And most importantly, “The Book about a Soldier” was not written to order, there is nothing ostentatious or deliberate in it, it was an organic expression of need the author to tell his contemporaries and descendants about that war in which “the battle is holy and just. Mortal combat is not for the sake of glory, for the sake of life on earth.”

The hero of “The Book about a Soldier,” as the author himself defined the genre of his work, is Vasily Terkin, who is a collective image of a Russian soldier. But there is another hero in the book - the author himself. It is difficult to say that it is always Tvardovsky himself. Rather, we are talking about that generalized image of the author-narrator. Although some facts from the poem coincide with the real biography of A. T. Tvardovsky, the author is clearly endowed with many of Terkin’s traits; they are constantly together
(“Terkin - further. Author-trace”).
This allows us to say that the author in the poem is also a Russian soldier, who differs from Terkin, in fact, only in that “he completed his course in the capital.”
A. T. Tvardovsky makes Terkin his fellow countryman. And therefore the words

I'm trembling from acute pain,
Bitter and holy malice.
Mother, father, sisters
Behind that line I have -
become the words of both the author and his hero.

Amazing lyricism colors those lines of the poem that talk about the “small homeland” that each of the soldiers who took part in the war had. The author loves his hero and admires his actions. They are always unanimous:

And I’ll tell you, I won’t hide it, -
In this book, here and there,
What a hero should say
I speak personally myself.
I am responsible for everything around me,
And notice, if you didn’t notice,
Like Terkin, my hero,
Sometimes it speaks for me.

The author in the poem is an intermediary between the hero and the reader. A confidential conversation is constantly conducted with the reader; the author respects the “friend-reader”, and therefore strives to convey to him the “real truth” about the war. The author feels his responsibility to his readers; he understands how important it was not only to talk about the war, but also to instill in readers faith in the indestructible spirit of the Russian soldier and optimism. Sometimes the author seems to invite the reader to check the truth of his judgments and observations. Such direct contact with the reader greatly contributes to the fact that the poem becomes understandable to a large circle of people.
The poem constantly permeates the author's subtle humor. At the very beginning of the poem, the author calls a joke the most necessary in a soldier’s life.

The text of the poem is filled with jokes, sayings, sayings, and it is impossible to determine who their author is: the author of the poem, the hero of the poem Terkin, or the people in general.
The author’s observational skills, the vigilance of his gaze and the skill of conveying the details of front-line life are striking. The book becomes a kind of “encyclopedia” of war, written “from nature”, in a field setting.
The author is faithful not only to details. He felt the psychology of a person in war, felt the same fear, hunger, cold, he was just as happy and sad...
And most importantly, “The Book about a Fighter” was not written to order, there is nothing ostentatious or deliberate in it, it was an organic expression of the author’s need to tell his contemporaries and descendants about the war in which “the battle is holy and just. Mortal combat is not for the sake of glory, for the sake of life on earth.”