Internet communication and its impact on the state of the modern French language. Linguistic stylistic features of youth slang in French using the example of text messages to study the problems of etymology of slang

Ismailova Sabina Sabirovna

11gum, Lyceum No. 39, city Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan

Yusupova Zaira Yusupovna

scientific supervisor, French teacher, Lyceum No. 39, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan

The Internet has become a means of communication for many people. While visiting various websites, forums, chats, and communicating by email, we noticed that in the virtual space French words are not used according to the rules. In chats, forums, live diaries, and email messages, texts are written “on the fly” and look approximately the same: without capital letters, with numerous abbreviations and typos. Modern youth tries to communicate in a more simplified language. In the future, all this may affect the speech culture of the younger generation, so we must not allow this to happen.

On the one hand, we are witnessing the degeneration and simplification of any language in the world, on the other hand, a new multi-level system is being built on the basis of this language.

Relevance The topic is determined by the fact that youth slang is an interesting sociocultural phenomenon that reflects the worldview of society, it is an indicator of all the changes taking place in the lives of modern people. Research methods were carried out through theoretical analysis of literature, search-contextual analysis, questionnaires and surveys, study of monographic publications and articles.

Practical significance Our work is that this information can be useful both for specialized schools with in-depth study of the French language, and for all people studying French.

Origin and features of French Internet slang.

Youth slang is only a lexicon on the phonetic and grammatical basis of the national language, and is distinguished by a colloquial and sometimes rudely familiar coloring. Most of the elements are various abbreviations and derivatives from them, as well as English borrowings or phonetic associations. A characteristic feature that distinguishes youth slang from other types is its rapid variability, explained by the change of generations.

The formation of the youth French argot begins in the 70s. XX century, when entire enclaves of immigrants formed in the suburbs of large French cities. Today, the main ways of creating new linguistic units in such societies include borrowing vocabulary from Arabic and North African languages. The once very popular verlan (langue de banlieue) is being revived - the language of the urban outskirts, which has become an intermediary language between the French language itself and the languages of immigrants. Word formation processes in the language of immigrants give impetus to the development of a multi-level system of French argot, including youth.

In the context of globalization beginning of XXI V. “French hip-hop” was formed. The French government is trying hard to stop the “offensive” of the English language, and has passed a number of laws limiting its use on state television. However, English remains the main source of neologisms, and new French words are assimilated into speech less successfully. The “chat dialect”, which became widespread after 2000, also had a noticeable impact on the French language.

The language used in chat rooms is more popular among young people, teenagers use it partly because it gives them a sense of belonging to a certain social group. Using this language is like having a secret code for its users, and some actually invent their own dialects that are only understood by members of a certain group. It is no coincidence that in many countries the language of virtual communication is so popular among young people - it is indeed still difficult for their parents to decipher. Proponents of the chat language emphasize its flexibility, the absence of restrictions, regulations and norms when using it, which allows one to be creative and invent new forms of words when writing, resulting in the enrichment of the language. At the same time, many believe that the variety of grammatical and lexical forms in the French chat language is useless, since their main purpose is communication, and the use of complex expressions makes it difficult to understand.

The characteristic features of modern virtual communication are compactness, speed and the absence of grammatical and spelling rules, which determines the introduction and widespread dissemination of new spellings and the use of non-traditional spelling norms. Thus, in the French language of virtual communication, the main method of transmitting information has become phonetic writing, in which numerals and superscripts are most often used to indicate open and closed syllables and letters to replace syllables. The general trends are obvious - everything is moving towards a literal abbreviation of the word composition (those combinations that form one sound are used), towards digital replacements of phonetic units that are close to them in sound. Americanisms and Anglicisms will remain relevant due to the demand for the English language in the world. One of the reasons for using abbreviations is the attraction to unusualness and verbal innovations. They are born in casual speech, in a narrow social environment, most often among young people as a conscious violation of the norm, a protest against it, when a well-known, frequently used word acquires general expressiveness and novelty. A certain freedom in creating such a word is also attractive, hence their closeness to jargon and vernacular.

Types of formation of French slang

An interesting and rich source of factual material for us was the blogs, forums and chats beloved by young French people, on the study of which we will focus our attention in the framework of this study. In the process of studying youth Internet slang and its role in the modern French language, we worked through a significant amount of factual material, which made it possible to identify the main word-creation techniques that change the traditional system of the French language and determine the levels affected by the process of its entire system and trends in subsequent development. Language is a huge mineral resource that needs to be utilized to the fullest. In this case, the speech of young people can be considered as a source of the most valuable and rare elements of enrichment for the entire language system. Thus, as studies show, a trend is revealed in the speech of French youth. It is associated with the commonality of neologization methods, manifested in the widespread use of argotisms, verlan, abbreviations, metaphors, borrowings from English, Arabic, African and other languages.

There are several classification systems for Internet genres, depending on the time of communication, on the type of subjects, on the openness or closedness of the community, on multimedia, and on whether the genre can exist outside the Internet space or not. The main ones include email, forum, blog, chat, ICQ, IRC, social network.

One of the sites we analyzed that aroused our scientific interest was the site www.facebook.ru. Here, youth methods of word formation did not represent isolated cases, but more diverse methods of word creation, bordering on the ability to barely grasp the meaning of the message.

So, in one of the comments to the photo, we discovered that the number 1 can replace the indefinite article of the singular masculine and feminine gender “un”, “une”.

C "est la preuve d" 1 affection assez particuliere . (WITH"est la preuve d"une affection assez particuliere) [4 ].

In the next example, we discovered that the number 8 replaces the combination of letters “ui”, since when pronounced it phonetically corresponds to this combination.

Je s8 fire pou toi. (Jesuisfiè repourtoi)

Wi [ fromdictionary] js8 la ne moublie pa (Oui je suis la ne m"oublie pas) .

In order to be as concise as possible, the French omit letters and syllables from words.

Mer6 mn Dieu pour ts c ke u acmpli dans ma vie g restaire tjrs fidel a tw .(Merci mon Dieu pour tous c"est que tu accomplis dans ma vie je restaire toujours fidéle à toi)

In these same examples, the technique of omitting vowels is clear.

Ce ki l homm ki a porte chapeau mdrrr (C'est qui l'homme qui a porté chapeau mort de rire)

Elle vient en decembre et elle m aide bcp raison pr lakelle je lui dit merci pr tt (Elle vient en decembre et elle m"aide beaucoup raison pour laquelle je lui dit merçi pour tout) .

The influence of Internet communication on the state of the modern French language.

Virtual communication evokes controversial comments and assessments from language specialists who, while recognizing the inevitability of new trends, at the same time express certain concerns about the state of the standard national language. It is obvious that any linguistic formations cannot develop and exist in isolation. They influence and change the standard language, which, according to linguists, can lead to a total decline in literacy. Many French linguists have even tried to initiate a campaign to limit the use of chat-like dialects in order to stop destructive changes in the French literary language.

When communicating in chat rooms, the French reduce everything to the limit. Greetings: Bjr - bonjour (hello), slt tlm - salut tout le monde (hello everyone). Further, tjs - toujours (always), c - c"est (it is...), g - j"ai (I have), 2 - de (a preposition indicating, as a rule, an analogue of the genitive case in Russian), 9 - neuf (translated not only as nine, but also as new).

The fact that the language used in French chats has no clear rules and that violations of the language's spelling and grammar are encouraged has some researchers concerned about the future of the French language. They suggest that, influenced by this kind of language, today's youth will make more spelling errors than previous generations. It is assumed that teenagers who are accustomed to making deliberate mistakes in chats will, out of habit, transfer some of them to the use of traditional French in writing, the influence of literary norms is reduced. Many linguists believe that this will lead to the fact that when reading a regular text containing a certain number of random errors, the latter are not noticed or are perceived as acceptable. All this leads to a decrease in knowledge of the national language. One of the ardent opponents is François de Clozet, a writer and journalist: “French youth no longer learn, do not know and will not know spelling, it’s over. And the reason is clear to us, it is no longer possible to devote so many hours to spelling, which previously took up almost all the time in primary schools, this has come to an end, now there are many other items. And of course, this generation of writing, young people write more than ever, we live in a civilization of writing, not images (pictures). Look at them! They are always writing something: scribbling on their phones or keyboards. But this is not the same thing, this is not the writing that we were taught at school. This is a conversation, this is how they talk, with the help of SMS they have learned to play with words, they shorten words, cut words, change spelling, have fun with it.”

We conducted a survey among 5th year students of the Faculty of Foreign Languages of the French Department of DSU. The respondents included the following students: Akhmedova S., Gadzhieva G., Mukhtarova A., Isaev Sh., Madaeva A., Magomedova S., Khanverdieva L. The survey was based on the question: “What is your attitude towards Internet slang and what does it influence the French language? Here are the answers from some of them ( see appendix 1).

· Gozel Gadzhieva (5th year student at DSU)

Donc, a propos de la réduction dans la langue française dans les sites sociaux, les forums etc j" dois dire que j" suis absolument pour. Pourquoi? Parce que de jour en jour le temps s"accélére et aujourd"hui nous vivons en courant et toujours nous aspirons à arriver à temps. Et les réduction -c"est un des moyens d"économiser ce temps. Mais quand même je crois que nous ne devons pas oublier la langue elle-même. La langue authenticique, belle, fluide comme un ruisseau, orageuse comme une chute d"eau et douce comme la musique.

· Sabina Magomedova (5th year student at DSU)

Aujourd"hui beaucoup de gens se servent des mots abbrégés, surtout dans la correspondance virtuelle. Quant à moi, je ne l"accepte pas. Comment peut-on accepter ce qui mène à la dégradation de la langue littéraire? Les articles et les prépositions sont remplacés par les chiffres, les symboles etc. Résultat: mauvaise ortographe et mauvaise prononciation.Quel cauchemar!

With the advent of the Internet, the fate of the text in society changes significantly, a change in the consciousness of the individual on the Internet, the formation of a new, networked way of life and thinking significantly affects the language situation. It is quite possible that we are talking about the formation of a new style in the language - the style of Internet communication - which is not only a specific feature of the Internet community, but also seriously affects the speech behavior of the entire society as a whole.

Analyzing the characteristics of chat language, full of abbreviations and truncations, we can highlight its positive and negative sides . Its undoubted advantages include the following properties:

1. Transfer of more information in a minimum amount of time;

2. Possibility of transmitting information when the recipient is unavailable;

3. The opportunity to learn to formulate your thoughts concisely and clearly;

4. simultaneous transmission of information and emotions.

The disadvantages are that they can cause:

1. Deterioration of knowledge of spelling, grammar and syntax;

2. Difficulty in communication, especially for foreigners;

3. Misunderstandings, since one abbreviated word can replace different words - arbitrary spelling of words. Thus, the abbreviation “mangé” can replace the forms of the verbs “manger”, “mangez”, “mangeais”; there is no difference between the forms "se", "ce" and "ceux", which are reflected with "se".

The French language is changing rapidly today. Teaching it as a foreign language requires mandatory reliance on the speech of young French people communicating with each other through modern means of communication, so I believe that studying the slang of French youth helps to better imagine the features and originality of the national picture of the world, to understand the nationally specific features of the mentality of French youth. Understanding and knowledge of slang introduces students to the natural language environment, contributes to the development of students’ linguistic competence, and represents a unique opportunity for their inclusion in an active dialogue of cultures.

Appendix 1.

Survey of 5th year students of the Faculty of Foreign Languages of the French Department of DSU, as well as the direct opinion of native speakers themselves

SultanateAkhmedova

Mon opinion au sujet de ce problème est un peu contradictoire. D'une côté je pense que le languge des SMS est très utile: il donne premièrement la possibilité d'écrire vite, deuxièment dans certains cas il permet d'exprimer mieux les émotions, de cette façon on peut sentir l'intonation de celui qui Ecrit et son humeur. Mais d"un autre côté il ne faut pas oublier que c"est un langage employé dans des cas particuliers, c"est-à-dire avec nos amis, des personnes qu"on connais bien et qui ont le même âge que nous. C"est pourquoi le principal est de modérer l"emploi de cette technique, et de pouvoir écrire correctement quand le contexte l"exige.

GozelGadzhieva

Donc, a propos de la réduction dans la langue francaise dans les sites socieaux, les forums etc j" dois dire que j" suis absolument pour. pourquoi? Parce que de jour en jour le temps s"accélére et aujourd"hui nous vivons en courant et toujours nous aspirons à arriver à temps. Et les réduction -c"est un des moyens d"économiser ce temps. Mais quand même je crois que nous ne devons pas oublier la langue lui même. La langue authenticique, belle, fluide comme une ruisseau, orageuse comme une chute d"eau et douce comme la musique.

SabinaMagomedova

ShamilIsaev

Le 21 siècle. Le siècle des nouvelles technologies, qui améliOrent notre vie. Mais qu"est-ce que nous avons ajourd"hui? La multitude des gadjets inutilS, l"internet et les sites socieaux qui détruisent pas à pas notre culture. Comment?.Cet emploi des mots coupés mène à l"ignorance des normes de bon français. (Regardez ce fatras de lettres au moyen duquel la jeunesse se communique aujourd"hui! C"est inimaginable! De temps en temps les mots réducaient et voilà ce sont déjà seulement les lettres. Je crois que cela doit être arrêtÉ. Il est nÉcessaire de garder la pureté de la langue si nous ne voulons pas degrader finalement. On doit se souvenir (être conscients) toujours que notre force est en notre langue.

AishatMadaeva

A mon point de vue le langage que les jeunes emploient dans leur correspondence fausse la beauté de la langue. Les gens commencent à parler pas français, mais la langue des symboles et des chiffres. Tout cela est dû à l"exploitation répandue des ordinateurs. Malheureusment nous ne pouvons pas éviter se problème et nous ne pouvons que constater l"existence de ce langage et observer où ça va mener

Jean- PierreLenotre-French journalist

Moi.... je sais que ça existe. Je ne m"en sers pas. J"ai entendu un reportage à la télévision hier ou avant hier, des adolescents disaient que entre eux, ils utilisaient ce langage mais que pour envoyer des textes aux adultes, ils utilisaient le bon français. Donc et en conclusion: le langage sms, c"est comme les différentes formes d"argot ou de langue peu soutenue, l"important c"est de savoir à qui on parle. Savoir avec qui ont utlise ça et avec qui on ne peut/dit pas. Et pour ça, il faut connaître les différents registres/niveaux de langue.avec qui on ne peut/doit pas..

LyudmilaKhanverdieva

A mon avis, cette question est pertinente parmi les jeunes. le language des SMS est très utile.nous sommes très émotionnels, et c"est à l"aide des réductions des mots que nous pouvons nous exprimer à tout vigueur,nous pouvons transmettre toutes nos sensations, toutes les impressions qui bouleversent notre âme

Xstian Able Djassik

Pour dire vrai, le langage "smsiel" est justifié par la définition du mot sms.ce langage(virtuel) imite la discussion réelle qu"on a entre amis,alors l"on veut répondre,exprimer toutes ses émotions,ses états en un temps ré

Youth slang is the language used by people aged 14 to 25 in casual communication with peers.

Sociolinguistic phenomena are present in all modern languages, including French. The rich, stylistically colored youth language differs from the standard French language by the presence of vocabulary with a more or less pronounced familiar coloring. Youth slang in French often arises as a protest against verbal cliches or as a desire to distinguish oneself, to look original, which is typical of young people. Teenagers, using youth slang, strive to express their critical or ironic attitude towards the adult world, show themselves to be more independent, and gain popularity among their peers. By speaking a special “fashionable language,” young people strive to distinguish themselves from adult native speakers or to disguise the meaning of what is being said. One of the reasons for the forced linguistic differentiation between generations, according to psychologists and linguists, is the increasing pace of life, which representatives of the older generation cannot always keep up with.

You can compile a whole dictionary of so-called fashionable words and expressions that are currently popular among French youth. Here are just some examples: pigger-comprendre(understand), le boucan - le bruit(noise), le pote - le copain(buddy), le bi-bop, le portable, le mobile - le telephone de poche(cell phone) le bahut - le lycee(lyceum), la meuf - la femme(woman), le trac - la peur(fear) bosser - travailler(work), le fric, la maille, les balles - l'argent(money), le toubib - le médecin(doctor), je m'en fiche - Ca m'est égale(I don't care), je suis fauché - je n'ai pas d'argent(I have no money), je suis creve - je suis fatigue(I'm tired), avoir un mal fou - avoir des difficultes(experience difficulties) y en a marre - j'en ai assez(I've had enough) la bagnole, la caisse - la voiture(automobile), les clopes - les cigarettes, j'ai la trouille - j'ai peur(I'm scared), j'ai un petit creux - j'ai faim(I'm hungry) dab, daron - pere(father), dabesse, daronne, doche - more(mother).

The most productive way of word formation in French youth slang is metathesis: the formation of new words by inverted rearrangement of syllables. Thus the term itself was formed verlan(l´envers – vice versa), which is why French youth language is called "language in reverse". "Verlan" typical for French youth 15-17 years old. In verlan, syllables are rearranged so that the first syllable becomes the last, for example, pè re – repe, mè re – reme, mé tro – tromé, music – zicmu, chien – yench, bizarre – zarbi, noir – renoir, va mal – malva, louche – chelou, salut! – luss!, comme ç a – comm’ as gué rlard – larger etc. Verlan is, of course, the most interesting French slang, since it is a real play on syllables. It emerged as a secret language, used by youth, criminals and drug addicts to send messages in front of the police.

Young people actively use in their speech reductions, reflecting not only the tendency to save language resources, but also the desire not to be understood. For colloquial speech, truncations (troncation) are more typical. Both before and now, the most popular type of truncation is the truncation of final syllables, - apokop: Max – Maximilien;gfaff – gfaffiti; Net – Internet; d’ acc – d’ accord, alloc – allocation, beauty(e) – beau- frere, estom – estomac, diam- diamante, maquille – maquillage, gé o – gé graphie, dispo – disposition, clodo – clochard, hosto – hospital, info – information, promo – promotion, ventilo – ventilator. The abbreviation of phrases became widespread in the 20th century. Initial abbreviations are divided into alphabetisms And acronyms. Alphabetisms(letter abbreviations, where each letter is read as in the alphabet) are not found so often in speech due to difficulties in pronunciation. And yet they are used in speech. For example, M. J. C – Maison des Jeunes et de la Culture; T.V.B.– tout va bien, D. J.- disk jockey; H. S.- hors service, FBI– Fausse Bonne Idea.

Acronyms, initial abbreviations, which contain a vowel phoneme, are more typical for the youth lexicon: La B.U.– La Bibliotheque Universitaire; Le RU– le Restaurant Universitaire. To enhance the emotionality of speech, young people use a set of intensifiers that replace bien, très, agréable, sympathique. These are the words: vachement, d"enfer, fun, zen, drolement etc.

The "language of the street" is gradually taking its place in the French language. Films, radio and television programs, printed materials for teenagers and young people, computer games contribute to its spread.

Most of the borrowings that make up the lexical composition in the modern “francais branché” are from the English language: boom– annual student holiday, il est looke- he looks fashionable, speeder – se dépêcher, top –à la mode , flipper – c'est flippant, être cool –être calme.

English words not only penetrate the French language, but also constitute a new argo (un nouvel argo “de luxe”), the possession of which is very prestigious. For example, right– parfait, très bien, driver – taxi service , news – magazine , toons – dessins animes , kids – enfants.

Youth vocabulary is the most open and open system in the modern French language, the vocabulary of which is constantly updated due to not only borrowing and expanding the meaning of commonly used words from the main vocabulary fund, but also thanks to other actively occurring processes of word formation (nominalization, reduplication, compounding, lexicalization, abbreviation etc.) Youth slang is similar to its speakers: it is harsh, loud, impudent. It is the result of a peculiar desire to change the world in a different manner, as well as a sign of “I am mine.” The language here reflects the inner aspirations of young people brighter and stronger than clothes, hairstyles, or lifestyle. Speaking about the sources of vocabulary replenishment in youth slang, we emphasize the increased relevance of borrowings from the English language, which is explained by language fashion, cultural standards brought to France from the United States through the pop industry and computer products.

Status: student in the direction of training “Foreign Regional Studies of the USA and Canada” at VPGOU “IGLU”.

Full name scientific supervisor: .

Position, place of work of the scientific supervisor: Associate Professor, Candidate of Philological Sciences of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "IGLU".

Telephone: .

Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University. 2011. No. 37 (252).

Philology. Art history. Vol. 61. pp. 126-131.

A. A. Sidorov

THE ROLE OF INTERNET COMMUNICATION BY YOUTH IN THE ECOLOGY OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE

This article identifies the problem of the influence of youth communication on the Internet on the modern French language. The main formats of communication of young French people on the Internet and their features are considered. The word-creating techniques used in the process of Internet communication, the level of their demand and the degree of influence on the ecology of the French language are analyzed.

Key words: Internet communication, word-creating techniques, blog, forum, website, ecology of the French language, development of the language system.

The entry of the Internet into human life has facilitated the solution of a number of problems and accelerated the process of achieving goals in the field of communication. Communication on one of the most popular networks in the world has raised an entire generation of young people. For them, life without the Internet no longer seems possible, which determines the key directions of development in the language system as a mandatory tool for Internet communication. This code is gradually acquiring universal multilingual status. On the one hand, we are witnessing the degeneration and simplification of any language in the world, on the other hand, on the basis of this language, a new multi-level system is being built, available only for use by initiates. French is no exception in this case. On all kinds of forums, blogs, chats, Internet diaries, guest books, social networks, as well as on various sites and in other formats, young French people spend a huge part of their lives.

Language is a huge mineral resource that needs to be utilized to the fullest. In this case, the speech of young people can be considered as a source of the most valuable and rare elements of enrichment for the entire language system1. In fact, the language of youth today plays an important role in the ecology of the entire system of modern French. From the position of ecolinguistics, as a current trend in linguistics, a comprehensive analysis of modern youth slang on French-language Internet pages is necessary: a description of its semantic, word-formation and syntactic parameters, identification of the main lexical-semantic fields and basic cultural

turological units that determine the linguistic and speech characteristics of the youth language of Internet communication.

An interesting and rich source of factual material for us were the blogs, forums and chats beloved by young French people, on the study of which we will focus our attention in the framework of this article.

In the process of analyzing material from Internet sources, we combined forums, blogs and chats into one common group, since they have a similar structure, namely: they are compiled by the users themselves, and not by the site administration. As a rule, this happens spontaneously, without checking spelling and punctuation, so it is here that word creation manifests itself more clearly than on the main pages of youth sites. A slight difference is observed only in the level of spontaneity of the messages left, which can be classified as follows.

Blog - English blog from web blog, "online journal or diary of events" is a website whose main content is regularly added posts, images or multimedia2. Characterized by the highest maximum frequency of spell checking. However, the special style of an Internet page can manifest itself in the form of changes in lexical units.

Forum - special software for organizing communication between website visitors2. There is less control over spelling. Inflections are used to speed up the process of writing a message and highlight the message from the mass of similar ones.

Chats - English chat - “conversation” - a means of communication between users over the network in re-

real time, as well as software that allows you to organize such communication2. The lowest frequency of checking is used, and often its complete absence in order to respond to the interlocutor’s message as quickly as possible. At the same time, the number of techniques for changing lexical units increases2.

The first of the forums we analyze will be the forum of site3. Here, youth methods of word formation no longer represented isolated cases, but more diverse methods of word creation, bordering on the ability to barely grasp the meaning of the message:

Mn ex a casse 2 sem apre environ il me re-demand de ressortir avc lui je ne se pa si je doi ressortir avec lui: love:

This message differs from the normalized version by the absence of punctuation marks, the exclusion of unpronounceable letters, the absence of icons, and the use of universal messages enclosed between two colons expressing emotion. Such universal symbols are called “emoticons” in certain electronic messaging systems. Similar messages within this forum are replete with the same methods of word formation, which allows you to estimate the frequency of use of certain symbols:

Eux moi jepense ke sa doit être due a la cigarette. ou sinn c un trouble tre grave et rare...

Here there are abbreviations and replacement of letters, absence of icons and punctuation marks. In a message from another section of the forum we observe similar slang transformations: : coucou: Alors voila, piti ble’m! Euh... Prenez votre fauteuil et un petit cafe parce ke sa risque d’etre long!

In this excerpt from the monologue, there are letter abbreviations, as well as an element expressing the expressive coloring of the message, formed by concluding a word between the colons, which helps to better understand the mood of the author of the text.

A less frequent technique within the framework of this forum should be recognized as verlanization, or rather its special type - verlanization of letters:

Oui je sia smais j'ai des problme pour ecri-re...3.

In this example, the words sais - sia, problm - probtemes are verlanized. Sometimes messages in this form are duplicated by the author’s explanations or a version of the message in compliance with the literary norm, since

Next, let us turn to the most frequently used methods of word formation on the website of the “emo” youth movement www. emo-france.forumactif.com. The site functions and is designed as a forum, which will allow us to immediately trace the main preferences of its visitors in word creation. The main section of the forum is called Etre EMO, with quoi?, in which there is already a letter replacement of the combination c’est with one letter c. The first message in this section begins with the words: S koia eG EMO? C'est koua I'etat d'esprit des EMO? The word quoi is replaced by koua. Although this spelling retains the original pronunciation of the word. Also in some places the icons are missing and the combination c’est is replaced by the equivalent c. Further messages use similar techniques: je voudrais savoir si je pouvais avoir des adresse msn demoo pkc il son tro beau. Some nouns lack final consonants to mark the plural. There are also no apostrophes or symbols; letter abbreviations are used. All the techniques used serve to speed up typing and save time.

The next site that aroused our scientific interest was the site www.clash.jeun. fr, the very name of which already speaks of its youth orientation. A variety of young people, as well as representatives and fans of the hip-hop movement and rappers, leave their messages here. The first section we visited was the Rap section, dedicated to rap and hip-hop culture. Some messages are composed in the form of freestyle (improvisation in rap; recitation of a rhymed, rhythmic recitative composed by the performer on the fly) (www.wikipedia.org). For example, one of them: j'ai le style qui piqe les yeu, tro nerveu, un mc comme vince fai pas lon feu, ta voulu clashe THC me ta q 'la po sur les os3. This sentence is replete with such techniques as letter abbreviations using truncated endings: piqe, yeu, tro, nerveu, fai, q'la, replacing the ending with another similar to it in phonetic terms, but different in spelling, in order to shorten the length of the ending: clashe , me, ta, po.

in your messages. Analysis of the latter reveals a certain trend: the younger the age, the more cases of using modified forms of lexical units. On the one hand, young guests of the forum strive to show themselves as “their own”, experienced and strive to look older and more original: Hey!!! jM'appelle Marylene!! Et j'ai 13 ans!! chui emo weuuuw!! alors laisser tous votre msn!!!))) p.s. : Allez vouar mon skyblog =-D. Using this example, we can consider the methods of letter abbreviations: jM’appelle instead of jе t’arrPe, chui is not only a letter, but also a phonetic abbreviation of the literary analogue of je suis. According to our statistics, this is one of the most frequently used abbreviations among French youth. In the verb voir, vowel sounds are replaced with phonetically similar sounds to the sound oi - vouar. The anglicism skyblog is used, denoting a storage system for online diaries. The emotional coloring of the sentence is expressed by the interjection weuuuw, emoticons))) and a set of symbols =-D, symbolizing three hearts and a smiling face.

Also, a more detailed analysis of the features of the syntax and vocabulary of a number of messages allows us to conclude that among the members of the Francophone Internet community there may be speakers of other linguistic cultures and insufficiently literate people, which provides additional flavor to the French language of young people on the Internet.

In neighboring sections of the forum, we also found a large number of examples indicating the enormous frequency of word changes among French youth. For example: oui c meme kestion ke je voule te pose. Here, letter abbreviations are used (с instead of c'est), accent abbreviation (tete instead of tete), letter substitutions corresponding to equivalent sounds (kestion and ke instead of question and que, respectively), as well as replacement of endings with shorter ones (voule and pose instead of vouler and poser respectively). Almost every word in this message has been modified in some way. Or this example: dc je ne sias pas comb1 de temps je dois les faire pousser ni si je dois proceder a des lis-sages ou mm aller chez le coiffeur, in which we observe the letter abbreviation dc instead of done, the technique texto, which replaces with using a digital designation for a combination of letters. In this case, a number is selected that is similar in sound to part of the word used: pc1

instead of combien. The message is completely missing punctuation and partially missing. On the other hand, we can observe one of the most common letter abbreviations in the Internet environment: tt instead of tete.

On this forum there are messages containing an excessive number of techniques for consideration, almost every word is “coded”: jvoule savoir si quelqun voudre b1 me passer son msn pr maider a devenir un emo (je sais, c un pe marrant com jdis sa)© pasque jen ai vrement envie c pas un truc que je prend a la legere. This example uses techniques that clearly characterize texto, namely: the reduction of apostrophes: jvoule instead of je voulais, a form characteristic of the literary norm of the French language, quelqun instead of quelqu 'un, maider instead of m 'aider, jdis instead of je dis, jen instead of j ' en, the absence of diacritics in the phonetic analogues of the original spelling of verb endings: voule, voudre instead of voulais and voudrais, respectively, a instead of a and in the endings of verbs, even in the simplified version of the spelling, for correct phonetic reading, there is no supposed accent aigu over the vowel e. The following techniques that attract attention in this message are the replacement of combinations of letters with a digital designation that is phonetically similar to the sound of the letters: b1 instead of bien (and this replacement is only an approximate phonetic analogue of the nasal sound), the replacement of some letter combinations with other, shorter ones and convenient to write: vrement instead of vraiment, where the “substitute” does not fully correspond to the phonetic parameters of the original lexeme, com instead of the literary norm comme, in which there is a nasal sound in contrast to the form used in the message, letter abbreviations pr instead of pour, c instead of c 'est, pe instead of peut. Also in the example under consideration there are phonetic abbreviations: pasque (in oral speech the union parce que is often pronounced without the sound r to simplify the phonetic structure and ease of pronunciation). In addition, the two parts of the conjunction parce que are combined into one word pasque for ease of typing. It is also necessary to note the use of universal symbols - “emoticons”, expressing positive, sometimes playful emotions.

In the speech of young Frenchmen within the Internet space, we find completely

Absolutely unique ways of word creation that are difficult for adult speakers of a given language to understand, not to mention those who study it or use it as a second language. Such messages are relatively rare, but they are also found on some official websites. So, on the forum of the site www.diskut.djeun. com uses almost all the techniques inherent in texto, a detailed consideration of which should be devoted to several serious articles. This message is posted in the section “a koi sert lamour”: Je dit a tous les gens ke lamou donne des ailes mais en pleine alien peux oci r bien couper lamour kan on е petition croi ke c le bonheur kon va direct se marier avoir d enfant kan on е petit on c dja le nombr denfan kon va avoir komen i von sapM е tt pr ІЄ mek c pa tro sa mе bn mdr е pui plu on grandi plus on voi ke lamour et dur o fon franchmen les tout dеbut c super c genial ta limp^ssion ke t o paradis е des-foi ya d egueulade d ti truk ki von metr la haine ds ta vie tu te fra trompе desfoi humilier ou tn copin te fra cocu c tu vera mе par experience surtout ne vous prener surtout pala tete ac kelkun ki nen vo pa la peine et surtout o memen ou vous vous poz-єгЄ tro de kestion ke tora plu de sentiment e ke tu doutera de ne reflechi pa tro e fonc5.

It's obvious that detailed analysis This example is a whole independent study of word creation techniques in the modern French language of young people. In this article, we will focus on listing the main methods of speech modernization used in this message. We are faced with letter abbreviations (dja, bn, mdr, c), with the absence of apostrophes (lamou, denfan), with shortening of writing by selecting letter combinations similar in sound to the normalized form (e, me, o, koi, oci), with omission of diacritics in positions where their spelling is determined by the norm (the purpose

Shorten the spelling of the word). In addition, there are no punctuation marks at all; the text looks like one sentence. All the indicated techniques serve to speed up typing, which is one of the main tasks of texto. These types of texts are often typed from the keyboard of mobile phones and other intercom devices.

The next area of research within this article is chats, the specifics of the language of which we will talk about later. Unlike forums and guest books, chats allow you to instantly leave information and

receive it, i.e. be in constant, uninterrupted contact with the Internet community. Here messages are not stored for long due to their huge number. Speeding up the communication process entails reducing the volume of each message. The most convenient form of communication in this regard is a replica. Sentences and short texts lose their positions in favor of brevity. The chat, which seems interesting to us for consideration, quite clearly illustrates the word-creative picture among French youth. Let's look at the following passage:

Elf: GaeLle: tu fais quoi avec ton ordi? GaeLle: Heuu rien Elfi pour quoi?

Elf: tu respire?

GaeLle: Et baille comme une morue GaeLle: Oui comme une morue je m’assume bien

Elf: rrooo me nn t pas morue!

Elf: tu dis nimporte koua GaeLle: Looool

GaeLle: Non, mais apres on dira que je suis pretentieuse

Miss N: mais c un peu vrai quand mm BliSs: XD Miss_N: lol

Miss_N: Elfi fait plein de bisous sur GaeLle Elf: enfin sur la morue

Swiss Lulu: se_xy_femme change de pseudo stp GaeLle: se_xy_femme moi aussi mais je ne le dis pas rolala

Swiss Lulu: GaeLle modeste tu le dis ou pas? Gaelle: Swiss Lulu non ca ne fait pas partie de mon vocabulair!

Swiss Lulu: okay 4

This passage clearly demonstrates the frequency of use of certain word formation techniques in French youth chats. Regardless of the topic of the chat, the purpose of communication, as a rule, is making acquaintances, discussing other chat participants and all sorts of pressing problems. Unlike guest books, forums and blogs, there is much less strict censorship here. The administrator can only deny its author access to the chat after leaving an objectionable message. The techniques used in this chat excerpt are:

These are both letter abbreviations (nn instead of non) and abbreviations of endings (ordi instead of ordinateur), absence of punctuation marks (except for the exclamation mark), frequent use of interjections (heuu, rrooo,

rolala) and argotic phrases (baille comme une morue), replacement of letter combinations with combinations similar in sound (mе - mais, koua - quoi), introduction of anglicisms into the message (looool, lol - laughing out loud, okay - OK) and universal symbols (XD is a symbol depicting a laughing face with squinted eyes). In some cases there are no diacritics (pretentieuse - p^tentieuse, ca - ga).

Having analyzed forums and chats, we would like to pay attention to word creation within blogs. When getting acquainted with this format of communication among young people, every desire to “decorate” the text becomes obvious. This is due to the fact that the blog is managed by the user himself; it is he who decides which message from another user to leave and which to delete, to whom to allow access to his page and to whom to restrict it. As a result of the above, blogs become a “field of active activity” for word formation. There are certain rules here, like on forums, but blogs are more prone to a chaotic use of word-creation techniques.

Let's turn to the blog www.cendrillon33.skyrock. com, its author cendrillon33 is a student from Perpignan. The preferences column indicates the following - RAP, R’N’B, HIP HOP, Br£f pL£iin d£ cHO$£S:p. The 133t speak technique is widely used here (a method of replacing letters with symbols and numbers, which in their writing are close to the original spelling). In this example, the letter e is replaced by the symbol £. Techniques that are rarely found on the Internet are also used: for example, using fonts of different sizes (cHO$£S - choses), doubling a vowel (pL£iin - plein), writing a universal emoticon symbol (:р - depicts a smiling face with its tongue sticking out ).

The following blog we reviewed is from a Parisian student named docn92110, registered at www.docn92110. skyrock.com, we took for research a message with the following content: sa serait trop long a expliquer et il et rare que les gens lisent tout mais je trouve que skyrock et un bon ptit passe temps et on peutfaire de drole de rencontre comme faire des rencontre interressante 6. This message appears in the “about myself” section; there is no thoughtless use of word creation techniques, which makes reading and understanding the information contained easier even for the uninitiated. However, the author still speeded up the typing, this can be seen in the omission

icons (a - a, drole - o), lack of punctuation, minor letter abbreviations (ptit - petit)5. Next blog www.dleny. skyrock.com by dleny (college student, 19 years old) provides more analysis techniques. So, one of the posts (message

about the blog) contains the following information: YeAh !!pEtiTe sCeaNce fOtO chEz lOuloU! trOp mA 2eme mAisOn lol A_A grOs zibOuxXa tOuS!!! @+ (caption for the photo)7. This small sentence contains a huge number of word-creating and other techniques, such as: Americanism YeAh - an exclamation expressing agreement, Anglicism lol - out of loud, the use of fonts of different sizes (in this case, uppercase and lowercase letters), which brings rather non-semantic, but an aesthetic load, the absence of punctuation marks, the omission of diacritics (2eme - 2eme, a - a), universal emoticon symbols (L_L - meaning a face with squinted eyes and @+ - drawing the likeness of a rose). In addition, a widespread and beloved technique among French youth is used here - verlan (zibOuxX - bisous), while the letter composition of the word is changed.

In the process of studying youth Internet slang and its role in the ecology of the modern French language, we have worked through a significant amount of factual material, which made it possible to identify the main word-creating techniques that change the traditional system of the French language and determine the levels affected by the process of ecology of its entire system and trends in subsequent development. It has been established that among the main word-creating innovations among youth are letter abbreviations, widespread use of Americanisms and Anglicisms, changes in the letter composition of the word, absence or substitution of punctuation marks, the introduction of universal symbols, omission of diacritics and apostrophes, verlanization, phonetic equivalents, interjections, digital substitutions, argot , 133t speak, use of fonts of different sizes. As a result of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the use of the above word-creation techniques, the most popular ones in the Internet environment were identified. Among the latter, it is worth noting letter abbreviations, absence of punctuation marks, Americanisms and Anglicisms, universal symbols, interjections and omission of diacritics.

Partially controlled by censorship and political considerations, most sites (in this case forums) use only a certain number of techniques. The status of the official website is very important for gaining authority among young people, therefore the information contained on the main information pages should be easy to read not only for those initiated (“our own”), but also for newly arrived casual visitors. Chat rooms and blogs are less subject to censorship and provide a wide field for self-expression. Here we see a vivid picture of word creation, limited only by the user’s imagination.

There is no clear age differentiation in the use of certain techniques. The validity and accuracy of use in the context of the message is typical for older site visitors.

No gender-specific features influencing the use of characteristic techniques were noted.

Territorial differentiation was not taken into account when conducting this analysis, since in the field of word-creation activity within the Internet space, isolating and studying this aspect is incorrect, since the Internet is a communication format that belongs to the entire society, where the rights of everyone are positioned as equal.

The main reasons for using such a wide range of various word-creating techniques, in our opinion, are the desire for the fastest possible communication with others like oneself and the desire to express oneself as clearly as possible.

Regarding the prospects for the development of the entire system of the modern French language under the influence of Internet communication among young people, we dare to make the following assumption. The general trends are obvious - everything is moving towards

literal abbreviation of the word composition (those combinations that form one sound are simplified), to digital replacements of phonetic equivalents (phonetic units close to them in sound). Americanisms and Anglicisms will remain relevant in light of the demand for the English language itself in the world today and in the future. Verlan and various types of argot may gradually lose their relevance, because today in Internet communication French youth give preference to other methods of word creation.

Thus, it should be noted that the Internet today has already significantly influenced the French language in its traditional classical form. The techniques we have studied actively penetrate the everyday life of French adults (professional activities, everyday life, leisure and other areas). Under certain conditions, the possibility of using in the future some of the word creation techniques we have considered in the state printed media in large quantities does not seem so incredible.

Notes

1 Shamne, N. L. Theoretical foundations for constructing an algorithm for ecolinguistic monitoring / N. L. Shamne, A. N. Shovgenin // Vestn. VolSU. 2010. P. 74.

2 Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia. URL: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blog.

3 Tribudados.com. URL: www.tribudados.com.

4 Forum rap, clash. URL: http://clash.jeun.fr.

5 Diskut.djeun.com. URL: www.diskut.djeun. com.

6 Blogs - skyrock.com. URL: http://www.skyrock. com/blog.

7 Dleny's blog - skyrock.com. URL: http://dleny. skyrock.com.

La vie moderne ne peut pas se concevoir maintenant sans internet, perce que ce réseau mondial joue un grand rôle pour les gens de tout âge: pour les adolescents, la jeunesse, les personnes entre deux âges et même pour les gens âgés. On peut expliquer cette tendance par le fait qu"internet sert aux études, à l"information et aux loisirs, il permet de faire des achats et communiquer avec ses amis. La fonction télétravail permet de travailler chez soi ce qui peut être pratique.

Internet paraît comme un bienfait international, mais comme toute médaille à son revers il présente des inconvénients. Les heures passées devant l"écran peuvent perturber la vision et l"inactivité favorise l"obésité ce qui est mauvais pour la santé. C"est pourquoi, les médecins conseillent d"ailleurs de faire plusieurs pauses voir changement d"activité dans la journée .

Côté psychique, l"univers virtuel d"internet peut se révéler néfaste surtout pour la jeunesse on constate souvent sous couvert de l"anonymat la présence de propos blessants et insultants souvent oubliés par la censure.

Mais quoi qu"il en soit, internet utilisé raisonnablement est un outil positif pour la société.

Translation

It is impossible to imagine modern life without the Internet, since the World Wide Web plays a big role for people of all ages: teenagers, young adults, middle-aged people and even the elderly. This trend can be explained by the fact that the Internet is used for studying, obtaining information and for entertainment, it allows you to shop and communicate with friends. In addition, it is an opportunity to work from your home, which is also very practical.

The Internet is also a great opportunity for international communication. But as you know, every coin has a flip side. There are also disadvantages. Long hours spent in front of a screen can impair vision, and prolonged immobility causes obesity, which is also harmful to health. Therefore, doctors recommend taking breaks from work several times a day to change activities.

From a psychological point of view, virtual world may also have a negative impact, especially on young people. Anonymity allows people to make offensive or even insulting statements, which often go uncensored.

But be that as it may, wise use of the Internet has many positive benefits for society.

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