Every hunter should know where the pheasant lives. Project “Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant sits” project on the surrounding world (senior, preparatory group) on the topic

About the fatal hunt of the great traveler Nikolai Mikhailovich Przhevalsky, which served as the prologue to his premature and sudden death. And today I would like to dwell in more detail on the “culprit” of the death of the tireless explorer of Central Asia. So - pheasant.

Pheasant is a bird well known to all residents of southern Kazakhstan. Even those who have never met her in the wild have probably heard guttural screams, similar to the sounds immediately extracted by a frightened child from a flute or bassoon. Having whistled a couple of notes hoarsely, the performer immediately falls silent, as if afraid of his own courage. And he tries to quickly change his disposition, hastily running away from his own scream. And he runs masterfully - it is not for nothing that in terms of speed he is considered the unsurpassed champion of his family.

Perhaps it is precisely this caution that allows the bird to settle in such unforgivable proximity to its main enemy. In the city limits of Almaty, for example. Moreover, not only residents of city outskirts and cottage villages on mountain “counters” can easily hear the “singing” of a pheasant, but also visitors to the Botanical Garden and patients of large city sanatoriums that have preserved their territories from Soviet times.

But in any case, the pheasant always remembers its safety. And he will always find such wilds for himself where the hand of a park designer has not reached. And it will pass where the thickest bushes have grown, where the tree shoots have formed the most impenetrable thickets. Impenetrable - for humans.

But the appearance of pheasants on the doorstep of their worst enemy is not the order of things, but rather a severe necessity, a behavioral risk due to the reduction of natural pheasant lands under the onslaught of urban trends. And also a consequence of the extraordinary adaptive plasticity of this relative of our domestic chickens.

The most ideal conditions for pheasants to live in the wildlife of Kazakhstan are tugai forests in the floodplains of rivers: along the Syrdarya, Chu, Ili and many small rivers of Semirechye: from the Aral to Alakol, in the reeds of the Northern Caspian Sea. Here these beautiful birds have thrived for many millennia.

A meeting with a pheasant in the tugai forest is always unexpected for a complacent nature lover. Because, taken by surprise, the “best runner among chickens” suddenly remembers his ability to fly. And it flies out from right under your feet, making the terrible noise of an inept flyer, amplified by panicked screams.

“It takes off only in case of sudden danger and strong fear, and from high thickets it takes off in a so-called candle - almost vertically, and then switches to normal horizontal flight, alternating short-term flapping of its wings and gliding,” writes the patriarch of Kazakh ornithology, Anatoly Fedorovich Kovshar.

Missiles from the legendary S-400 complex take off in almost the same way. But that's where the similarities end. The missiles fly off into the distance to solve their defense targets, and the pheasant... The pheasant becomes an easy target for a not-so-sophisticated hunter. It is not without reason that the major clay pigeon shooting competitions held in Soviet times, were called "Golden Pheasant".

It is no coincidence that pheasants in the southern territories of modern Kazakhstan lived and did not bother until hunters acquired firearms. In the second half of the 19th century, the Syr Darya was still considered a full-flowing river, and the dense tugai forests and vast reed jungles along its banks were a veritable paradise for all living creatures, including countless wild boars, numerous tigers and countless (as it seemed to many) pheasants. This continued until the hunters, armed in a new way, began the methodical and massive extermination of the natural inhabitants of the Syrdarya.

Professionals and amateurs alike took on pheasants with particular passion. The fact is that pheasant meat was considered a valuable delicacy in fashionable restaurants in Moscow, St. Petersburg and European capitals. Therefore, the supply of pheasant meat has become a profitable business for hunters and buyers of Perovsky district. According to some data, in good seasons, up to 30 thousand carcasses of the noble bird arrived from the banks of the Syrdarya to the tables of the capital's gourmets.

It is clear that nature reacted to such an uncontrolled and reckless beating as usual - pheasants began to be found less and less often in the coastal forests of the Syrdarya. “Pheasant fishing provided significant income for local hunters, but the ruthless encouragement of Moscow hunters to destroy this useful bird led first to restrictive and then prohibitive measures on its export.” This is how the source of those years summed up the history of the fishery.

But while the pheasant was an ordinary representative of the fauna, it was pounded mercilessly. And those 16 birds that Przhevalsky shot on the banks of the Chu on his fateful day are a catch that may be unthinkable for modern hunters, but at that time not so impressive. Here is a quote from a hunting story by a contemporary of Przhevalsky, who shot pheasants in the lower reaches of the Syr Darya, near the Raim fortification: “Hunting was a real pleasure for us. About 15-20 versts from Raim, there was such a death of pheasants that on winter days the four of us killed 80 of them.” .

The success that pheasant meat had among fashionable restaurateurs and metropolitan gourmets is understandable. By and large, a pheasant is a chicken; they belong to the same order. However, the pheasant, although a chicken, has a claim to more.

The only representative of the pheasant family (from the order Gallinidae) in Kazakhstan is the common pheasant, kyrgauyl. Phasianus colchicus. Despite the spirited hunting, our hunters have still not managed to bring our own pheasant to the Red Book. And not the least role in this was played - no, not by public anxiety or state protection! - hypertrophied caution of this bird.

Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant is sitting. But not every pheasant wants to show the hunter the place where he sits.

The manual will effectively teach young hunters to distinguish not 4-5 primary colors, but as many as 12 rainbow shades of pheasants and other game. As they play with colors, children will learn to read words and learn how to count to twelve, developing their math skills. During classes, a transforming cube and colorful cards with words and images are used.

Description "Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant sits"

At three years old, children show a strong interest in letters, numbers, and counting. You can learn to count to twelve by moving your fingers from square to square on the edges of a transforming cube. The names of the colors, in the order RED, ORANGE, YELLOW, GREEN, CYAN, BLUE, VIOLET, BROWN, PINK, BLACK, GRAY, WHITE, are “read” on the other three faces.

We will see the magic phrase “Every Hunter Wants to Know Where the Pheasant Sits” on a cardboard cube-package, and then we will put it out of cards more than once.

The initials of the listed twelve colors can also be put into a sentence not with just one, but with six species of birds, linking them: Every Excellent Student Wants to Know Where Pheasants, Partridges, Hazel Grouse, Siskins, Owls, Cormorants Sit (packaging, transformer, cards).

The diagonally lined bottom edge of the package contains only the initials of the names of the colors or, if you prefer, the initials of the words in the last mnemonic sentence.

There are two types of dictations: with “pictures” and without. First, let's learn to recognize cards with "pictures" by front side, then in reverse (with words).

Teacher (parent, educator, child who can read), showing a picture:

Who is this?

Hunter!

Right.

Turning the card over:

What an interesting word: it says “hunter”, but it is written “hunter”, “ho” under the accent.

Gives it to the one who answered first. What if there is only one child? If he answered correctly, he gets a card; if he didn’t answer, the teacher will help you read the word: o-ho-t-no-k.

That's right, "for" is emphasized. Who are they?

Chizhiki!

Get a card.

What color is this?

Green.

Showing the back of the card:

It is said “green”, but it is written “green”, because “green”.

Etc. After two or three lessons, the same game is played in reverse: the teacher shows the children the card with the side on which the word is written.

Who is this?

Excellent student!

It is said “atlichniki”, but it is written “excellent student”. Prefix "from". Get a card. Excellent students hunt birds only with binoculars or a camera. Especially those who are involved in biological circles: they go hiking, study nature and the animal world. What is written here?

Rainbow colors.

Get a card. What color is this?

Gray-brown-raspberry speckled.

The guys had long noticed this strange card and examined it: it’s the longest, it’s written in two lines, it has gray, brown, crimson, white speckles.

What is this?

Here, get a six.

Get a seven.

Having practiced recognizing and reading the remaining seventeen words (everyone wants to know where, they are sitting, they are sitting, I know, whether, I, and, how, they, here, there, also, and), we can begin dictations.

We will arrange 25 cards with punctuation marks (4 dots, 17 commas, a question mark, 2 colons, an exclamation mark) in a separate group. We will collect 25 cards with “pictures” into another group. Without pictures, only with words on both sides - on the third.

Let's select 7 cards for the first dictation: “Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant sits” (the children will find the comma and period themselves).

The first word is not difficult to guess: every sentence begins with a capital letter. We'll also find a "hunter" with a "pheasant". Let's put a period at the end of the sentence. All that remains is to discover and arrange in the required order “wants”, “know”, “where”, “sits”. At first, the teacher will help you place the comma in the right place. At the same time, as in previous cases, giving appropriate explanations: what, why, why and how.

Final: all cards are on the table (not a single picture is facing up). Children compose the same texts, choosing the necessary words and signs from the entire array of seventy-one cards. In a group, you can organize personal and team competitions against time: how long will it take me (we) to write (will we write) the first dictation? second? third?

At home you will have to compete with yourself, fighting for personal records. You can also involve parents, relatives, acquaintances: how much are you paying?

• Don’t forget to pay attention to the striking warehouses, highlighted in black on the cards, and to the spelling: it says “grouse,” but it says “hazel grouse,” because they are pockmarked, and so on.
• Intonation and pauses in oral speech are indicated in writing by punctuation marks. When explaining the rules for their use, place more emphasis on intonation and pauses of different lengths: affirmative intonation (.), interrogative (?), exclamation (!), pause before enumeration (:), intonation of enumeration (,), clarifications (,).
• Children will definitely want to know how the transformer works. To avoid trouble, find 8 any (not particularly necessary, but identical in size) cubes. After looking at our transformer, make a similar one, connecting the cubes with strips of medical adhesive tape (duct tape is not so convenient). Present the design to the children.

Having become a hunter and having hunted for about forty years, I have repeatedly been on pheasant hunts. All these were self-propelled or driven hunts, not particularly productive or interesting. But six years ago, my senior friend, knowing that I had long wanted to get a dog for duck hunting, gave me a New Year drathaar puppy named Count. In the first year of hunting with the Count, I decided to go pheasant. And now the joy of hunting knew no bounds. It was a great, beautiful hunt! It has been six years since then that I have become an avid pheasant-keeper. During my first season with a dog, I caught more pheasants than in all the previous forty years, fortunately there were enough licenses.

It is difficult to find any other game bird in our country that would be as brightly and beautifully colored as the pheasant. The roosters' outfit is especially beautiful: their plumage contains golden, dark green, orange and purple colors. The rooster's glossy dark head has a crest and rather large red fields around the eyes. There is a ring of white feather on the neck. On the top of the back and neck there are greenish feathers with a blue tint against a general golden background. The back is golden-red, and each feather is decorated with a black triangular spot. The long tail matches the back, and at its base there are copper-red feathers with violet and purple tints, decorated with intricate patterns. Chickens, as a rule, are colored brownish-yellow with streaks.

The permanent habitat of pheasants is impenetrable thorn bushes, dense thickets of forest belts, tall dense grass, weeds, especially clogged with tumbleweeds, dense reeds, vineyards, fields sown with cereal crops. And these birds really love summer cottages. The main food for pheasants is insects, berries, weed and grain seeds. However, pheasants are not very picky about what they eat. In summer they prefer locusts, beetles, caterpillars, snails, and can peck both lizards and mice. In autumn, seeds and berries occupy the main place in their diet. Once, during a very harsh snowy winter, I saw pheasants hunting starlings. But the main thing for this bird is that there is always water nearby.

The pheasant flies very poorly - at most it can fly 300-400 meters, so it always tries to hide or escape (and pheasants run just fine). This explains the pheasant’s craving for “strong” places that are inconvenient for walking and shooting. However, the pheasant can also go out to feed in the almost bare steppe, but it is quite difficult to take it by surprise there - at the first sign of danger, it quickly runs away into the saving thickets. So hunting this bird without a dog is quite difficult and cannot be as successful as hunting other game. For good pheasant hunting, you simply need a dog with a very fast search (otherwise the pheasants will run into the thicket without a shot), hardy and not very sensitive to thorny vegetation. Almost all breeds of cops are suitable for this, but preference should be given to wire-haired and long-haired dogs, which are more reliably protected from thorns. Drathaars are good in this regard.

Under a skillful dog, pheasants sink and hide, allowing the pointer to take a stance on them, and the hunter to approach and prepare to shoot. The pheasant takes off noisily and quickly, as if it were shooting itself out of the bushes. This is understandable - after all, he is in such a thicket where it is impossible to really flap his wings, and his jumps sometimes reach one and a half meters in height. With all its bright colors, the pheasant hides very skillfully. When approaching a dog standing on a stand, it is very difficult to see him even in low and sparse grass. When hunting pheasants, a dog is needed not only to lift the bird onto its wing, but also to find and serve a dead pheasant to the hunter or to catch a wounded animal. The fact is that a dead pheasant often falls into such thickets that it is simply impossible to find it yourself.

As for wounded animals, especially those with intact legs, it is generally unrealistic to catch them without a dog. Wounded pheasants, barely touching the ground, take flight with enormous speed and instantly disappear into the thickets. A wounded pheasant also has the ability to hide and not emit a smell. Sometimes hunters complain that they seem to have hit a pheasant, but the dog cannot find it. You just need to wait 10-15 minutes and again let the dog search for the wounded animal - just after this time the pheasant will “smell” again. For some reason, it is believed that the pheasant is quite tough on wounds, and that is why it produces a large number of wounded animals. But from my point of view, this is not so. This is the opinion of hunters who shoot pheasants with large shot - 5th or even 3rd. And those who hunt without a dog - because their pheasant flies out unexpectedly, and they shoot in a hurry. To avoid wounded animals, I shoot pheasants with small shot (usually number 7 or 8). Yes, and I shoot from under my Count’s stand. After 6 years of hunting together, I know for sure by his behavior and posture “who he is standing on” - whether it is a quail, a pheasant or a partridge - and in what direction the bird is exactly.

Golden bird, firebird, royal game - you name it, pheasant is called, and now hardly anyone will refuse the opportunity to hunt it. Although the pheasant appeared here on the Kerch Peninsula of Crimea relatively recently, in the mid-70s of the last century. Then, on the initiative and under the leadership of my father, an experienced hunter Pyotr Ilyich Grishchenko, the Kerch city organization of hunters, then still UOOR, purchased pheasants for breeding in hunting grounds in the “Cold Mountain” tract near Belogorsk. This unique pheasant nursery was created at the request of N.S. Khrushchev back in 1956. They released those pheasants, having previously created comfortable conditions for the birds, on Kerch land in the Maryevsky forest. From there, the pheasant gradually settled throughout the Kerch Peninsula, but the Maryevsky forest for a long time remained the main hunting ground for this beautiful bird. Some time ago, the Maryevsky forest was taken away from Kerch hunters, and with it pheasant hunting. It was then, four years ago, that the chairman of our hunters’ society, Vladimir Puzikov, began again to raise and release pheasants in our hunting grounds.

Every year, up to 3 thousand pheasant eggs are placed in incubators on our hunting farm. Not every egg produces a chick; many die during the feeding process. Due to their natural character, many pheasants die in the enclosure - they simply hit the nets and crossbars. Much is lost in the first days after release into the wild, since the aviary bird is poorly accustomed to looking for food and water on its own. Predators also contribute. In total, out of 3 thousand “potential pheasants,” only about one and a half survive to the start of the hunting season. Young pheasants are released in forest belts or reeds, where there is food supply and water. But even there, the hunting community is equipping artificial feeders and drinking bowls. The release of grown birds is carried out twice a year. The first time - at the beginning of summer and the second time - two weeks before the opening of pheasant hunting. Quite a significant portion of the birds survive the hunting season and the capricious Kerch winter, and in the spring they form pairs and bear offspring. Thus, there is a stable population on the peninsula, no longer different from a completely wild pheasant. Nevertheless, in winter the pheasant must be fed. Throughout all the forest belts of our hunting grounds there are feeders, which are constantly replenished with grain waste. Some of the grain is purchased, some is donated through sponsorship.

Raising pheasants is a rather expensive item for the budget of our hunting society. But the costs are repaid by the hunt. Some ignorant people say that for the money spent on hunting, you can buy any meat of your choice. Let me note that I personally do not go hunting for meat. I go hunting for the shot and the emotions, and, of course, in the end, for a beautiful trophy. And the very opening of pheasant hunting in our lands is a holiday; people come to us in Kerch to hunt this bird from all over Crimea and beyond. There are so many emotions, meetings and communications! Only for their sake can you breed this beautiful bird.

It is definitely worth saying that hunting for a semi-wild bird released into the grounds at the beginning of the season is practically no different from hunting for a wild pheasant. In the wild, juvenile pheasants quickly adapt, run wild and become quite cautious. Although immediately after the enclosure, young pheasants practically do not know how to fly and prefer to simply hide from the hunter. When hunting with a dog, these are easy prey at first. But, according to my observations, after a couple of weeks the pheasant becomes a full-fledged wild bird and is no different from one born in nature.

The younger the pheasants, the better they can withstand the dog's stance, the less space they run and the faster they rise. Old males almost always flee by raising their tail vertically, and take off only when they are almost overtaken by a dog or when there is at least a small stream, ravine or other obstacle in their way. The pheasant almost always rises from the ground vertically, with a strong flapping of its wings: the males shout “ko-gok!” ko-gok!”, and the females with a weak cackle. In our hunting enterprise, hunting is not practiced when a pheasant is released a day before or on the day of hunting - this is considered unsporting (in practice it turns out that it is still a poultry). In general, I like to shoot pheasants at the end of the season, when they shed well and have a beautiful long tail. I love it when a rooster leads a dog - you watch and admire this fight between the cop and the bird. It is no coincidence that many, along with woodcock, consider pheasant, especially in strong areas, one of the most beautiful objects for hunting with a pointer.

And in conclusion, one of the incidents while hunting. My friend and I walked along the forest belt, I was on one side, he was on the other, and the Count was working in the forest belt itself. And he, naturally, did not see what was happening ahead. And there, in a gap in the forest belt, about a hundred to one hundred and fifty meters away, sat a flock of partridges. Seeing us from afar, the birds rose and flew away. When, after some time, we approached this place, my drathaar was clearly standing on the counter. I began to explain to him with laughter and irony that they were partridges, they flew away, but the smell remained. He did not respond to my call. Then I scratched the grass with my foot in the place where he was looking to show that it was empty. And, oh horror! From this small patch of grass two healthy roosters flew out. So much for pheasant hunting!

Russian hunting magazine, July 2015

This is how children are taught to remember the colors of the rainbow: everyone is red, a hunter is orange, a wish is yellow, to know where is green, where is blue, sitting is blue, a pheasant is purple.

Every color has a certain meaning, interpretation: some special feelings, traditions, ideas are associated with it.

There are not too many primary colors not to talk about. At least the most interesting. At least that's what I find interesting.

About the symbolism of color in various cultures, religion and heraldry.

The parade opens...

1. White

Light, transparently glowing, colorless (in contrast to blue - dark, opaque). Clean as opposed to dirty.

Unknown and open: the heroes of fairy tales want to look, to see the “white light”. “White place” represented land free from taxes, “white iron” - free from impurities, pure iron.

In the divine language, white is the color of divine wisdom. In secular language it symbolizes purity, chastity, peace, virginity, light, and since it “does not hide another color,” innocence and truth. According to the symbolism adopted by Catholics, it means innocence, joy and simplicity.

In the language of Catholic symbolism, transparent (cristalline) expresses the idea of ​​immaculate purity and clarity.

White magic is magic that uses its power for good, often for healing, or against evil and black magic.

White is most often associated with religious rituals. Sacred horses in Greece, Rome, the Celts and Germans were white. In some areas of Southeast Asia, white elephants are considered sacred. The expression "white elephant" refers to large and impressive but useless acquisitions and originates from ancient Siam (Thailand). To get rid of an unwanted courtier, the King of Siam gave him a white elephant. The cost of feeding an elephant quickly bankrupted the courtier.

The white lily signifies purity and is a symbol of the Virgin Mary. The white rose also symbolizes virginity. In the ancient Roman temples of Vesta, the goddess of the hearth and the fire that burned in it, the vestal priestesses who served there took a vow of virginity and wore white robes.

In the Christian church, white robes were worn for the consecration ceremony of churches. This is the color of baptism and communion, the holidays of Christmas, Easter and Ascension, as well as holidays in honor of saints who are not martyrs.

In the Orthodox Church it is used in all services from Easter to Trinity Day, even at funerals.

The white flag is synonymous with surrender, truce, and in a broader sense - peace and goodwill. This custom is believed to come from ancient times, when, in order to demonstrate peaceful intentions and thus avoid attack, a white scroll or its symbolic representation - a white cloth on a pole - was carried.

Also means blindness and absolute silence. In the East it is the color of mourning. It was believed that if you wear black clothes, the soul of the deceased will not see anything, which means that white in mourning is light, vision, life (after life). Ghosts, ethereal creatures are usually depicted as whitish.

It also means cowardice. During wartime, particularly in World War I, Frenchmen who avoided military service were sometimes given or sent white feathers.

It has been noticed that at cockfights, the best fighting qualities are shown by roosters with scarlet and black colors. They pluck feathers from the tails of their more cowardly white relatives, and these feathers have come to represent cowardice.

In heraldry, silver, called argent (agd), is depicted as white in black and white images.

2. Purple

The thin decay is thinning.
Purple tapestry.
To our waters and forests
The skies are falling.

O. Mandelstam

The color of the spiritual worlds, the worlds of creativity. In Catholic symbolism, purple represents silence or contemplation. An angel dressed in a purple toga personified the sacrament of the priesthood.

In the symbolism of early Christianity it meant humiliation, deep affection and sadness.

3. Blue

The word "blue" comes from "glow", but unlike white it is a dark, opaque gloomy glow.

As the color of a clear sky and sea, it represents both height and depth. It also means constancy, devotion, justice, perfection, reflection and peace. To the ancient Egyptians, blue was synonymous with truth. According to Hegel, it corresponds to meekness, the expression of a fulfilled mind and spiritual silence.

The Order of the Garter, the highest order of chivalry bestowed by the British Crown (established in 1348 by King Edward III), wears a wide dark blue ribbon.

The expression “bluestocking” in relation to a learned lady dates back to the 15th century, when a society of men and women engaged in the study of science gathered in Venice: blue stockings were a distinctive attribute of their costume. Parisian intellectuals adopted this custom in the 1590s. The term originated in England in the 1750s, when a gentleman named Benjamin Stillingfleet began attending the evenings of the writer and social activist Mrs. Elizabeth Montagu (dubbed the Queen of the Blues), wearing blue stockings instead of the then fashionable silk black ones.

Blue symbolizes doubt and depression. Blues (blues, from the English blue, “blue”) is a predominantly melancholic slow-tempo music that appeared in the American South at the end of the 19th century.

In Christian art, blue symbolizes piety, sincerity, and prudence. Originally adopted for worship, it is no longer required. Used sometimes in Spain in masses and some other religious services.

In the angelic hierarchy, the cherub, since he is always immersed in pious meditation, is represented by blue. In the book Dynamic Dissonance, Louis Danz writes that blue is most expressive for the Arabs, it is “the color of the material heavens that hold the stars in their places.”

In heraldry, blue is called azure (from the Arabic "lazure"). Sometimes marked as "az" or marked with horizontal lines.

4. Blue

Father Pavel Florensky considers the symbolism of blue from the position that there are three languages: divine, sacred and secular.

In the divine language, blue is air, azure as a shade of the sky, the Holy Spirit and the eternal Divine truth, the heavenly world.

In cosmogonies, the world is created by Divine Wisdom, and therefore God the Creator is always blue. Vishnu was born from blueness. Krishna is depicted with a blue body. Just like the Supreme deity of Egypt, Knef.

Amon, the Divine Word of the Egyptians, was represented as blue in color, and is represented as such in Egyptian paintings. This color was associated with Zeus (Jupiter) and Hera (Juno), the Greek and Roman deities of the heavens who were believed to live above the clouds. Agni, the god of fire, sat on a red-horned blue ram.

In Exodus, blue, like the tone of a cloudless sky, symbolizes revelation. According to the book of Numbers, the Israelites were commanded to have a blue border on the edges of their dresses to remind them of God.

In sacred language, it becomes a symbol of immortality, which means human, physical death, sadness and mourning. Blue vestments were worn by priests during Lent; in China and other Eastern countries it is the color of the dead; in Egyptian burial grounds there are a large number of figurines in blue tones.

Azure represents rebirth, the spiritual formation of man. Means the baptism of the Holy Spirit.

In secular language, blue is equivalent to loyalty. Blue scarabs adorned the rings of Egyptian warriors. The angel in the sacrament of marriage was depicted in blue vestments, signifying trust and fidelity.

According to Goethe, this is the thinnest darkness. He always brings the dark with him.

Symbolizes valor and superiority. The Blue Ribbon is awarded for outstanding achievements in a variety of fields: the Atlantic Blue Ribbon is awarded to the passenger liner that crosses the ocean in both directions the fastest (owned by Queen Mary in 1935-1952, owned by United States since 1952) ). Likewise, the Cordon bleu (Blue Ribbon) was once the highest award of knighthood in France, the ancient Order of St Esprit (Holy Spirit).

Blue is associated with royalty and nobility of birth. The expression "blue blood" for people of high birth comes from the belief that the veins of Spanish aristocrats were "blueer" than those who came from "mixed" marriages. Likewise, “true blue” emphasizes loyalty, perhaps based on the belief that true loyalty could only be shown by a person of aristocratic background.

For a newborn boy, they usually buy blue ribbons and a stroller, suits in blue and its shades.

IN modern world“gay” refers to homosexuals.

5. Green

The color of spring, new growth, fertility, nature, joy. Green very often signifies continuity and even immortality when, for example, we say “evergreen.” In the symbolism of Catholic art, green was the color of hope, incorruptible youth, and contemplative life. The angel in the sacrament of blessing (confirmation) was depicted in a green robe.

In cosmogonic symbolism, green indicates the world born in the womb of primeval waters, and the first degree of initiation: baptism by water. A mixture of blue and yellow, green is a mystical color that connects the natural and the supernatural.

Green - abundance, prosperity, stability, because it is not without reason that many states have chosen green shades for their money. But on the other hand, green means a lack of money. In some European countries, bankrupt people were required to wear a green hat.

At sea, a green flag signals a shipwreck. On the ground, this signal often means “Movement is permitted”; as a road signal, green means “The path is clear,” yellow or amber says: “Attention! ", and red - "Stop! ". This value was standardized in Britain in 1893. Before this, green served as a warning, white allowed movement, and red prohibited.

Green is a sign of decay and mold. Osiris, the god of dying and resurrecting nature, patron and judge of the dead, was depicted as green. In folklore it is the color of elves, hence the color of disobedience and mischief. It also symbolizes envy and jealousy. As a symbol of youth, green is tantamount to immaturity, immaturity, inexperience, and naivety.

In Christian churches, green is prescribed for services between Epiphany and Trinity. Green is sacred in Islam.

National flags usually use green to highlight the role of agriculture or the abundance of forests.

In heraldry, green is called "vert" (short for "vt"). When depicting the coat of arms in monochrome, it was drawn with diagonal lines from the upper left corner to the lower right.

6. Yellow

The color of the sun and summer. In alchemy, gold was considered frozen sunlight.

Symbolizes glory and Divine power (in connection with “solar” associations: light, warmth, power), the revelation of the love and wisdom of God.

In the triad of solar colors, yellow corresponds to intelligence. This is a revitalizing and cleansing color. In Greek mythology, it is an attribute of Apollo, the sun god, and also the sacred color of Zeus, the ruler of earth and heaven.

In China, saffron is the color of the emperor: during the Qing Dynasty, the last ruling dynasty (1644-1911), only the emperor had the right to wear yellow outfits. This is also the shade of the hats of Taoist monks.

In India, the newlywed covers her hands with yellow to signify the happiness of union that awaits her. According to Goethe, yellow is closest to light, the first appearance of light in matter.

In the symbolism of early Christianity, yellow (gold) means glory, fertility, kindness. This corresponds to the earth.

It also has the opposite interpretation - as the color of betrayal, jealousy, lies and cowardice. According to the symbolism adopted by Catholics, it is a test of suffering or envy. In church art, Cain and Judas Iscariot were usually depicted with yellow beards. In some Christian countries, Jews were depicted wearing yellow robes because they had “betrayed Jesus.”

During World War II, in countries occupied by the Nazis, Jews were required to wear armbands with a yellow star, “armbands of shame.” IN medieval Europe Until the 16th century, in some places the doors of the houses of criminals and traitors were smeared with yellow paint.

Heretics condemned by the Spanish Inquisition were burned dressed in yellow as a sign that they had betrayed God. Cowards were called "yellowbellies" because the coward's liver was believed to be devoid of blood and yellow (or white).

Also the color of illness.

In the International System of Signals, yellow represents the letter Q. Upon arrival at a foreign port, this flag is raised to convey the message: “Everyone on my ship is healthy and I request to be released from quarantine” (quarantine is required by international health regulations).

Yellow is an internationally recognized color used for safety measures - it is used to paint rescue helicopters and, in some countries, fire equipment, which was previously red. In traffic laws, yellow represents a warning signal; in football, a yellow card represents a “warning.”

The terms “yellow press” and “yellow journalist” are used in relation to those who supply distorted information and sensations to increase the circulation of their publications. In China, “yellow literature” and “yellow films” refer to pornographic products, but, on the other hand, according to the Book of Chinese Characters, a “yellow woman” is a woman who maintains her virginity.

In heraldry, yellow denotes gold, which is called “or”; in a non-color image it is marked with dots.

7. Pink

Pink is the color of love affair
and one friend told me,
that only a girl in a pink dress is required
will be invited to every dance.

A. K. Hottes

This is a flesh color, a shade of sensitivity, and, according to experts, one of the tones that evokes the greatest appetite.

During World War II, gay men in Nazi-occupied countries were required to wear a pink triangle armband. The pink, or sometimes pink, triangle has been used since that time by organizations such as Blue Pride.

8. Red

In Russian, red and beautiful are the same root words. Because Red Square is a beautiful square, the red maiden is a beauty.

Red is associated with light, with fire: our ancestors called the solstice “kres”, and the verb “kresat” had the meaning of “cutting out the fire.”

As the color of love goes back to the fire that brings warmth. The heart emblem can be seen on greeting cards, in inscriptions like “I love...”, where the word “love” is replaced with a heart, and the heart is depicted with red paint (environmental organizations paint the heart green in slogans like: “I love nature, not polluted by lead”).

The most aggressive, associated with living, flowing blood. This is fire, feelings, war, sacrifice, revolution, strength, courage, suffering, power, justice. Primitive man sprinkled blood on any object he wanted to bring back to life. In the divine language of symbols, red is Divine love.

In the Far East it is the color of joy and wealth.

The red gate in China designated the houses of first-degree ranks, noble and wealthy people. In marriage rituals, it predominates on all objects surrounding the bride and groom. When evaluating essays, successful passages are outlined in red. In Mongolia and Korea, scarlet dots are sewn onto New Year's outfits as amulets.

As a color that symbolizes blood, red has often been used for military purposes for many centuries. For example, when Roman generals won a victory, they painted their faces crimson in honor of the god of war, Mars. In the British Navy, the red flag as a “challenge to battle” has existed since the 17th century.

Over the past two centuries it has been the color of anarchy.

The red flag is the banner of international socialism and the left wing in politics in general. The flag was used by the Communards of the Paris Commune of 1871. In Russia during the uprising of 1905 and October Revolution 1917, the symbolism of the French Revolution was adopted, including the color red. The army of the revolution was called the “Red Army”; those supporting the revolution were called the “Reds”.

In medieval Christian art it was considered the color of mercy, Divine love. Seraphim, who occupy the highest position in the hierarchy of angels, are located highest towards God and “are in the Divine heat”, are usually depicted in red.

Serves as the color of worship during Holy Week, Palm Sunday and in the Crusade Movement (September 14). In The Seven Sacraments by Roger von der Weygen, the Angel of the Sacrament of Penance is depicted in a fiery tunic. On the day of the Holy Trinity, he served as the personification of the Holy Spirit, who descended from heaven like tongues of flame. It also reminds us of the martyrs who shed their blood for their faith.

Expressions:

-“red day of the calendar” comes from the custom of marking church holidays and dates in red ink.

- “red” in the sense of “to debit”, comes from the custom of bank employees in the past to record losses in red ink.

- “red thread” comes from the 17th century rule of tying official legal or government papers with a red ribbon.

Red hair is often associated with a hot temperament. It is also the color of magic, as fairies' hats are always red. It is widely used to warn of danger and as a stop signal.

Red - shame and dishonor. Mark Twain wrote that man is “the only creature that blushes, or at least should blush.”

In Puritan New England XVII-XVIII centuries women caught in an illicit affair were required to wear a red letter “A” on their dresses. He also defined “moths”, recalling that John in “Revelation” (17:1-6) saw a harlot dressed in scarlet “... sitting on a scarlet beast, full of names of blasphemy... drunk with the blood of saints.”

The area where the brothels are located is called the “red light” area, because these are the lights that used to hang in front of such establishments.

In heraldic language it is designated as “use” (abbreviated as di). When drawing in black and white, it is indicated by vertical lines.

9. Purple

Testifies to power, glory, honor, greatness, power.

As a combination of red and blue, it symbolizes the union of love and truthfulness. Since purple dye was the most expensive, purple represented gold. Among the ancient Romans and Greeks, only emperors, kings, generals, and judges wore purple togas. Since then, purple has been associated with the throne and power. The expression "born in purple" in reference to anyone belonging to the upper class dates back to the times of the Byzantine Empire, where it was a rule that the future emperor should only be born in a room with purple covers on the walls.

The literary phrase “purple prose” is used to describe writings that are overly elaborate and elaborate. This saying was first used by the Roman poet Horace in The Science of Poetry, written around 20 BC.

In Christian churches, purple represents absolution, repentance, sorrow and mourning. Purple-colored toilets are worn during Lent for ceremonies associated with the “pangs of the cross.”

In heraldry, purple, called "magenta", on black and white is indicated by diagonal lines from the top right to the bottom left.

10. Gray

In the symbolism adopted by Catholics, brown or gray meant humility. Gray mouse, grayness is a symbol of an inconspicuous, untalented person.

11. Black

Night, death, decay, sin, evil and destructive forces, silence and emptiness. Since black absorbs all other colors, it expresses denial and despair, is the opposition to white, and denotes a negative beginning. Symbol of otherworldliness, infernality.

Black and dark blue were symbols of the attributes of God and the rebirth of man (rising from the dust). Saturn, Osiris, Knef-Ammon, Krishna, Buddha were depicted in this color.

The opposition of black and blue - night and day - represents the struggle of life and death, the activity of the spirit and the activity of the body; in the material state this struggle is symbolized by time. Saturn is a symbol of time. The temple and statue of Mercury were made of blue stone. One of the hands of this God was white, the other was black.

In Chinese philosophy it is Yin, water.

In "Apocalypse" the black horse is a symbol of hunger.

According to Catholic symbolism, black is the color of sorrow, death or peace.

Black was one of the five colors prescribed in 1200 by the 176th Pope Innocent III to represent the seasons of the Christian calendar. Black was used in Masses for the dead at Good Friday services. Recently, the church has begun to take into account national characteristics (for example, black in Japan means joy), and the use of black is no longer mandatory. In medieval art it symbolized repentance.

As the color of death, it was a symbol of renunciation of worldly vanity, devoting oneself to spiritual service. This is the coloring of the vestments of monks - both Orthodox and Buddhist.

Black, as the color of night and earth, is a symbol of the origin of all life, and therefore a symbol of alchemy as a spiritual Work. In alchemy it corresponds to decay, the emblem of this color and process is the raven.

Black was used by many as a sign of death: it was on the flag of anarchists, on the flags of pirates.

In a British court, when pronouncing the death sentence, the judge tore squares of black cloth.

The bubonic plague, which killed almost 25 million people in Europe alone in 1348, was called the “Black Death” because the body of someone infected with the plague turned black.

The secret sciences practiced by witches and sorcerers, and all others who dealt with the “prince of darkness” (the devil), were called “black magic” (in this case, “associated with the devil”).

In heraldry, black is called "mourning". On the coat of arms it is marked with the letters “s” or “sa”, or the lower part of the design is shaded with horizontal or vertical lines, and when printed it is covered with solid black.