Presentation about the life and work of Arkady Petrovich Gaidar. Literary reading

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Presentation competition “Great People of Russia” Arkady Petrovich Gaidar (Golikov) Authors: - Kuznetsova Anna Alekseevna, Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 7, Klin, primary school teacher, 1st qualification category; - Andrikova Tatyana Borisovna, Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 7, Klin, primary school teacher, 1st qualification category Teachers Mutual Help Community website

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Arkady Petrovich Gaidar Childhood Military youth Writer Gaidar in the war Pseudonym 1904 - 1941 Memory

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Gaidar writer Since 1925, Arkady began to engage in writing; his first work was a story called “In the Days of Defeats and Victories,” which was published in the famous almanac “Bucket.” Soon Arkady moved to the Perm region, where he worked for the local newspaper Zvezda. It was in Perm that the public saw the first story of the writer under the pseudonym “Gaidar”, it was the story “Corner House”.

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Gaidar writer In his works, Arkady glorified sincere friendship and military camaraderie, which made him a great classic children's writer. Gaidar's most famous stories are “School”, “The Fourth Dugout”, “Chuk and Gek”, “The Fate of the Drummer”, “The Blue Cup”, “Hot Stone”. All these children's works were written in 6 years from 1930 to 1936.

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Gaidar writer The story “Timur and His Team,” written in 1940, stands apart in the writer’s work. It should be noted that it was this work that inspired the youth of that time to create the Timur movement, the purpose of which was to help pensioners and veterans on behalf of the pioneers.

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Gaidar writer Most of Arkady's works received their own film adaptations, were included in the school curriculum and were even translated into several foreign languages.

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Why Gaidar? Two versions of the origin of the pseudonym These are the first letters of the phrase “Golikov Arkady from Arzamas”, composed in the French way: “G.A-Y. gift". When Mongol cavalry went on a campaign in ancient times, they sent a rider ahead. This rider, galloping ahead of everyone, looking into the alarming distance where the detachment was heading, was called “Gaidar.”

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Gaidar at War As soon as the Great Patriotic War began, he immediately rushed to where the fate of his homeland was being decided and where it seemed unthinkable for him not to be. Having become a special correspondent for the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper, he hurried to the front. In the fall of 1941, he was a correspondent on the Southwestern Front. He voluntarily remained behind enemy lines and became a partisan in the Dnieper forests. Several times the writer was persistently offered a plane to fly across the front line to his own. Gaidar refused to leave the detachment, remaining, as always, true to himself and his all-consuming sense of soldierly duty...

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Gaidar in the war He was loved and respected in the detachment: a strong, kind, warm-hearted man, and his courage was cheerful. He was known as an excellent machine gunner.

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Gaidar in the war On October 26, 1941, Gaidar, accompanied by four partisans, went on reconnaissance in the vicinity of the village of Leplyava. A large detachment of fascist SS men lay in ambush at the crossing. And a small partisan detachment went out at dawn right into this ambush. Gaidar was the first to see the Nazis. He instantly realized that only by his death could he warn his comrades following him. Straightening up to his full height, Gaidar loudly shouted: “Attack, follow me!” And he rushed straight towards the SS men. A furious volley of enemy machine guns hit the partisans. But, realizing what was happening, they managed to instantly lie down for defense. Gaidar also fell onto the embankment. He fell and could no longer get up.

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Gaidar at war Grave of A.P. Gaidar

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Gaidar's military youth In 1918, when the bullet-pierced red October battle banner soared higher and higher above our land, fourteen-year-old Arkady Golikov decided to fight “for a better life, for happiness, for the brotherhood of peoples, for Soviet power.” This is how the adult life of Arkady Gaidar began with the war, at less than fifteen years old. Straight from the war.

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Gaidar's military youth Arkady Petrovich spent six years in the Red Army. He fell in love with the army of the Land of the Soviets with all his pure and restless being, became close to the military family and thought. stay in it for life. But in 1923, Gaidar became seriously ill - an old head concussion took its toll. He had to take treatment, and in April 1924, when Gaidar turned twenty, he was transferred to the reserve as a regiment commander.

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Gaidar's military youth Arkady Golikov, the future writer Gaidar, walked a long, glorious battle path along the fronts of the civil war.

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Childhood of A.P. Gaidar Arkady Gaidar (real name Golikov) was born on January 22, 1904, in a small town in the Kursk region. His father, a school teacher, Pyotr Isidorovich Golikov, was from a peasant background. Mother - Natalya Arkadyevna, was a noblewoman of a not very noble family (she was even Lermontov’s sixth great-great-great-niece), worked first as a teacher, later as a paramedic.. After the birth of Arkady, three more children appeared in the family - his younger sisters.

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Childhood of A.P. Gaidar Pyotr Isidorovich and Natalya Arkadyevna Golikov Arkady Gaidar in childhood

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Childhood of A.P. Gaidar Arkady's childhood, with his usual boyish activities - real school, games, first poems, "sea battles" on the pond - coincided with the First World War and the revolution. He called it a fun time. Dreams came true - you could easily exchange a revolver at the market, hear revolutionaries - Socialist Revolutionaries, Cadets, Bolsheviks - live.

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Childhood of A.P. Gaidar Arkady studied not very diligently. True, more often than others he received A's in literature, which was taught in their class by Nikolai Nikolaevich Sokolov, his favorite teacher, whom he introduced under the nickname "Galka" on the pages of "School" in 1916.

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Childhood of A.P. Gaidar Arkady is not at all a quiet and “bookish” boy. He is tall, strong, broad-shouldered. Full of a thirst for activity, decisive, courageous, accustomed to independence, enjoys authority among his comrades. But school work cannot captivate him very much; Gaidar wants more. Therefore, Arkady comes to the Bolsheviks.

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Childhood of A.P. Gaidar This is how Arkady Golikov’s childhood ends and strange and contradictory military activities begin. Monument to Arkady Golikov in Arzamas

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Memory of Gaidar The name of Gaidar was given to many schools, streets of cities and villages of the USSR. The monument to the hero of Gaidar’s story Malchish-Kibalchish is the first monument to a literary character in Moscow, erected in 1972 near the City Palace of Children and Youth Creativity on Sparrow Hills

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Memory of Gaidar From 1938 to 1941, A.P. Gaidar lived in Klin, near Moscow, on Bolshevistskaya Street (now Gaidar Street). Here he wrote the works “Timur and his team”, “Smoke in the Forest”, “Commandant of the Snow Fortress”. A memorial house-museum of the writer has been opened in Klin.

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Memory of Gaidar Many city children's libraries bear the name of A.P. Gaidar. In Arzamas, the name of A.P. Gaidar was given to one of the streets, the city park of culture and recreation, school No. 7, the central city children's library, and the Arzamas State Pedagogical Institute. Park of Culture and Leisure named after. A.P. Gaidar

G. ABOUT . Novokuybyshevsk, Samara region Sklyarova Natalya Anatolyevna

Gaidar (Golikov)

Arkady Petrovich

in the family of a teacher in Lgov. The family took part in the revolutionary events of 1905 and was forced to move to provincial town. He spent his childhood in Arzamas.

Later, at fourteen, he met the Bolsheviks and

in 1918 he volunteered for the Red Army. He was a physically strong and tall guy, and after some hesitation he was accepted into the Red Commanders' Course. He had to fight in Ukraine, on the Polish front, and in the Caucasus.

• IN fourteen and a half years he commanded a company of cadets on the Petlyura front,
• and in seventeen years old was the commander of a separate anti-banditry regiment.

• Gaidar's works began to be published in 1925. The writer became a true classic of children's literature, becoming famous for his works about military camaraderie and sincere friendship.
• The author's pseudonym means: "Gaidar" in Mongolian means horseman sent forward on patrol .

« School"

"Far Countries"

"Smoke in the Forest"

"Chuk and Gek"

"Military Secret"

"Blue Cup"

"Drummer's Fate"

When the war broke out, Gaidar went to the front as a volunteer. There he became a war correspondent for Komsomolskaya Pravda.

He traveled around the country a lot, meeting people. He wrote his books on the go, on trains, on the road. He recited entire pages by heart and then wrote them down in notebooks. In his reports and essays, he told the truth about the atrocities of the fascists and the exploits of our soldiers.

In the fall of 1941, he voluntarily remained behind enemy lines and became a machine gunner in a partisan detachment.

On October 26, Arkady Gaidar and four partisans went on reconnaissance. Gaidar walked ahead. A large detachment of fascists was waiting for them at the crossing and lay in ambush. A small partisan detachment approached them at dawn. Gaidar was the first to see the Nazis. Straightening up to his full height, raising his hand high, he shouted loudly: “Forward! Follow me! and rushed towards the Nazis.

For a long time, Gaidar’s books educated children. Gaidar's name was given to many schools, streets of cities and villages of the USSR. The monument to the hero of Gaidar's story Malchish - Kibalchish - the first monument in the capital literary character

(1972 at the City Palace of Children and Youth Creativity on Vorobyovy Gory)

1. The word “Gaidar” is a pseudonym. What is real name Arkady Petrovich?

2. What does the word “Gaidar” mean?

3. How old was Arkady when he joined the Red Army?

4. How old was Gaidar when he was appointed regiment commander?

5. What was depicted on the flag of Timur’s team?

• Where and under what circumstances did A.P. die? Gaidar?

How did this happen?

LET'S REMEMBER THE WORKS OF A.P. GAIDAR

"Fate

Drummer"

"Chuk and Gek"

"Bumbarash"

"School"

"Military Secret"

"Blue Cup"

"Timur

and his team"

1. What is the name of the main character of the story: a) Garayev; b) Kovalev; c) Smirnov.

2. Who is not a member of Timur’s team: a) Sima Simakov; b) Kolya Kolokolchikov; c) Misha Kvakin.

3. What was the name of Timur’s dog: a) Alma; b) Tina; c) Rita.

4. On the gates of which houses did the Timurites paint red stars: a) where the elderly lived; b) where someone went to the Red Army; c) where the military man lived.

5. Which one musical instrument Olga played: a) button accordion; b) accordion; c) guitar.

6. What profession did Olga want to get: a) engineer; b) musician; c) doctor.

7. What military rank did Zhenya’s father have: a) lieutenant colonel; b) colonel; c) general.

8. How the Timurites punished Kvakin’s company: a) taken to the police; b) locked in an empty booth in the market square; c) forced to eat all the stolen apples.

9. Why did the Timurites punish Kvakin’s company: a) for stealing a goat; b) for stealing apples from other people's orchards; c) for threatening Timur.

Love your homeland,

be honest, fair,

respect the child, the old man, and the woman.

Timur always thought about people, and “they will repay you in kind.”

“If everyone feels good and calm, then everyone will feel good and calm.” Timur's wisdom is in the desire to give, not to receive.

Living like Gaidar is difficult, but interesting: loving your Motherland, respecting people, aligning your thoughts, words, and actions with the Good. Re-reading Gaidar, you will see that the book has not lost its significance even today. The story makes you look at yourself from the outside. Stop!

Think about it! Is this how we live?

Change something in yourself: give up your seat to older people on public transport, run to your sick neighbor for bread. What is important is not loud speeches or beautiful words, but constant help to one veteran or disabled person. According to Gaidar, humanity must be learned, just as one learns to build houses, grow bread, and fly airplanes. You need to learn this now, because tomorrow it may be too late. Grow the Good in yourself.

A person's strength does not lie in money and power, but in himself.

He lived as he should live fighter, And he died like a soldier.

S. Mikhalkov

The ships are sailing -

Hello Malchish. The pilots are flying by -

Hello Malchish. Steam locomotives run by -

Hello Malchish. And the pioneers will pass -

salute to Malchish!

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Gaidar called his life “an ordinary biography in an extraordinary time.” Indeed, the time was truly extraordinary - Gaidar was given two revolutions and three wars in his short life. He lived in a special time, but his fate was also unusual.

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Arkady considered Arzamas his hometown. He spent his entire childhood here. “Our town of Arzamas was quiet, all in gardens surrounded by shabby fences. Blooming ponds stretched across the city past the gardens...” A.P. Gaidar

Now the house houses a museum.

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The unusual in the biography of A.P. Gaidar begins with his pedigree.

The writer's MOTHER, Natalya Arkadyevna Salkova, the daughter of an officer, was the sixth cousin of M.Yu. Lermontov. Of course, this fact is not so much about the questionnaire as it is about symbolic meaning and cannot help but excite our imagination. One cannot help but want to connect the roots of Gaidar’s poetic talent with him. After graduating from high school, she left home, broke with her environment, deciding to devote her life to educating the people. She herself received the right to teach in the lower grades and therefore, upon arriving at a new place, she and her husband began teaching work. Natalya Arkadyevna Salkova (Golikova)

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Gaidar's FATHER, Pyotr Isidorovich Golikov, was the grandson of a serf peasant, thanks to perseverance and perseverance he made his way to education and worked as a teacher. It is quite possible to associate Arkady’s talent with his father, who had a light, lively style and a penchant for writing. It was precisely with his talent, spiritual wealth and wide reading that he, then a seminarian, conquered the high school student Natasha, who, following the example of her favorite literary heroines, neglecting class prejudices and contrary to her father’s will, marries a modest teacher who had just received a diploma and an assignment to Lgovskaya primary school(Kursk province). Petr Isidorovich Golikov

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Arkady's childhood with his usual boyish activities - real school, games, first poems, "sea battles" on the pond - coincided with the First World War and the revolution. When Arkady was 14 years old, he volunteered for the Red Army. Gaidar was a physically strong and tall guy. He managed to do everything: guard the city at night, educate himself, write for the student newspaper. At the age of 16, Gaidar commanded a regiment. Over the course of four war years, he went from adjutant to regiment commander. Arkady walked a long and glorious path along the fronts of the civil war. He experienced the death of many friends, learned the resentment and bitterness of defeat, and the inspiring joy of victory.

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Extraordinary times gave birth to unprecedented biographies

In December 1924, Gaidar left the army due to illness (after being wounded and shell-shocked). I had to learn to live in a new way. Gaidar’s meeting with commander M.V. Frunze helped him find his place in the ranks. Arkady decided to help people now not with weapons, but with a pen in his hands. “Probably because I was still a boy in the army, I wanted to tell the new boys and girls what life was like, how it all began and continued.” A.P. Gaidar

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This is how Gaidar entered literature...

The Second Army, a multimillion-dollar army of readers, has found its commander. His stories about heroes and ordinary people captivated not only children, but also adults. If you carefully read Gaidar’s short stories, you can say that they were written by a cheerful man, with an open heart and a strong character, a man who has seen a lot in life. Gaidar loved brave, truthful people, devoted to the revolution and the Motherland. It shows heroes, adults and children, in the most difficult, decisive moments of life. At such moments, a person gathers all his strength, all his mind to do the right thing, with dignity. At such moments you can see what a person is capable of, what he is worth. So, the choice has been made: to write about children and for children. Big, cheerful, clear-eyed, sitting down by the children's fire, He composed his stories, Like an endless game.

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During his short life, Gaidar did not manage to write much: all the best that he created can easily fit into a one-volume book. The works he created are small - these are stories or novellas. Gaidar has always been one of the most beloved Soviet children's writers. He was a participant in revolutionary events, a fighter in the Red Army, he told the boys and girls of the Soviet country about the revolution and Civil War. But times have changed. The time in which Gaidar lived and worked, the ideals in which he believed, were reassessed. But best books it is not outdated.

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Gaidar considered his best works to be the story “R.V.S” (1925), the stories “Distant Countries”, “The Fourth Dugout” and “School” (1930), and “Timur and His Team” (1940). He traveled a lot around the country, met different people, and greedily absorbed life. He knew how to write, locked in his office, at a comfortable table. He composed on the go, thought about his books on the road, recited entire pages by heart, and then wrote them down in simple notebooks.

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Other famous works Arkady Gaidar: “Chuk and Gek”, “The Fate of the Drummer”, stories “Hot Stone”, “Blue Cup”... The writer’s works are included in school curriculum, have been actively filmed and translated into many languages ​​of the world. The work “Timur and His Team” actually marked the beginning of a unique Timur movement, which aimed at voluntary assistance to veterans and elderly people on the part of the pioneers.

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Writer and journalist Arkady Golikov began signing his works with the pseudonym “Gaidar” in 1925. Biographers have made various assumptions. "Gaidar" in Mongolian means "horseman galloping ahead." This is what one of the versions sounds like. Gaidar served in Khakassia in 1922. He was the head of the second combat area for combating banditry. Local residents, seeing him, asked each other: “Haidar Golikov?”, which meant “Where is Golikov going? Which way?" This is where the word “Gaidar” came from.

Monument to A.P. Gaidar in Arzamas

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Great Patriotic War…

The war began and Gaidar, of course, could not remain on the sidelines. And he went to the front, albeit not as a soldier, but as a correspondent. He walked ahead and for a moment discovered the ambush before the others. He managed to warn his comrades, but he himself fell, struck by a fascist bullet. The creator of favorite children's books and a faithful friend of the children, he lived like a fighter should live, and died like a soldier. Open the school story - Gaidar wrote it: The hero is true to that story And brave, even though he is small in stature

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On February 27, 1963 in the Kremlin, the son of A.P. Gaidar, captain of the first rank Timur Arkadyevich Gaidar, was awarded the Order Patriotic War first degree, which was posthumously awarded to his father.

Gaidar's name is immortalized in the names of hundreds of streets, schools, Palaces of Pioneers, and libraries. His proud name is borne by ships and diesel locomotives, a village in Kazakhstan and a distant asteroid.

“He died riddled with fascist bullets, he died defending his dear native country. He lived as a wonderful writer and an extraordinary person and died a hero." Konstantin Paustovsky

Memorial to Arkady Gaidar in the Children's City Recreation Park in Khabarovsk. Author - Galina Mazurenko A building in Khabarovsk that housed the editorial office of the Pacific Star newspaper. In 1956, a memorial plaque in memory of Arkady Gaidar was fixed on it. Memorial plaque of Arkady Gaidar.

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Quiz

Where and when was Arkady Gaidar born? The surname "Gaidar" is a pseudonym. What is the real name of Arkady Petrovich? 3. How old was Arkady when he joined the Red Army? 4. . How old was Gaidar when he was appointed regiment commander? January 22, 1904 in Lgov, Kursk Province Golikov 14 years old 16 years old

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5. Why did Arkady leave the army? 6. About whom and for whom did Gaidar write? 7. Under what circumstances did Arkady die? 8. How many years did this man live on earth? amazing person?

Due to illness About children and for children Shot by a fascist bullet during the Great Patriotic War 37 years old

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Resources:

http://www.litra.ru/biography/get/wrid/00576591211284022442 http://www.gaidardb.ru/nash-gaidar/ http://www.aodb.ru/gaydar/biography/

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Slide captions:

Arkady Petrovich Gaidar Titova Alena Vladimirovna as a teacher at MKOU Ordynsk sanatorium boarding school

“He was cheerful and straightforward, like a child. His words did not diverge from deeds, thought from feeling, life from poetry. He was both the author and the hero of his books.” S.Marshak

Arkady Petrovich Gaidar (real name - Golikov). Born on January 22, 1904 in the village of a sugar factory near Lgov, now the Kursk region, in the family of a teacher - Pyotr Isidorovich and Natalya Arkadyevna Salkova, a noblewoman, a distant relative of Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov.

Life for a 13 year old, future famous writer, is a game full of dangers: he participates in rallies, patrols the streets of Arzamas, becomes a liaison for the Bolsheviks. At the age of 14 he joined the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and worked for the local newspaper Molot. In January 1919, as a volunteer, hiding his age, Arkady entered the Red Army, soon became an adjutant, studied at the Red commanders' courses, took part in battles, where he was wounded. Arkady left to fight when he was not yet fifteen years old. He raved about military exploits from the time when his father, Pyotr Isidorovich, a rural teacher, took part in the First World War.

In 1920, Arkady Golikov was already a headquarters commissar. In 1921 - commander of a department of the Nizhny Novgorod regiment. He fought on the Caucasian front, on the Don, near Sochi, participated in the suppression of the Antonov rebellion, and in Khakassia he took part in operations against the “Emperor of the Taiga” I. N. Solovyov. Accused of arbitrary execution (in the case of I.N. Solovyov), he was expelled from the party for six months and sent on long leave due to a nervous illness, which subsequently did not leave him throughout his life. “Youthful maximalism, a thirst for exploits, an early sense of power and responsibility confirmed Golikov in the idea that the only possible future for him was to be an officer in the Red Army. He is preparing to enter the military academy, but after a shell shock he is demobilized. And he starts writing.

During the Great Patriotic War, Gaidar was in the active army, as a correspondent for Komsomolskaya Pravda. He was a witness and participant in the Kyiv defensive operation of the Southwestern Front. He wrote military essays “At the crossing”, “The bridge”, “At the front line”, “Rockets and grenades”. After the encirclement of the Southwestern Front near Kiev, in September 1941, Arkady Petrovich ended up in Gorelov’s partisan detachment. He was a machine gunner in the detachment. On October 26, 1941, near the village of Lyaplyavaya in Ukraine, Arkady Gaidar died in battle with the Germans, warning members of his squad about the danger. Buried in Kanev. He was 37 years old.

Literary activity The author's mentors in the literary field were M. Slonimsky, K. Fedin, S. Semenov. Gaidar began publishing in 1925. The work "R.V.S." turned out to be significant. The writer became a true classic of children's literature, becoming famous for his works about military camaraderie and sincere friendship. The literary pseudonym "Gaidar" stands for "Golikov Arkady D" ARzamas "(in imitation of the name D" Artagnan from " Three Musketeers"Dumas). The most famous works of Arkady Gaidar: "P.B.C." (1925), "Distant Countries", "The Fourth Dugout", "School" (1930), "Timur and His Team" (1940), "Chuk and Gek", “The Fate of the Drummer”, the stories “Hot Stone”, “The Blue Cup”... The writer’s works were included in the school curriculum, were actively filmed, and translated into many languages ​​of the world. The work “Timur and his team” actually marked the beginning of a unique Timur movement, which set volunteerism as its goal. assistance to veterans and elderly people from the pioneers.

Several films have been made based on Gaidar's works: "Bumbarash". "Timur and his team", 1940 "Timur and his team", 1976 "Timur's Oath" "The Tale of Malchish-Kibalchish" "The Fate of the Drummer", 1955 "The Fate of the Drummer", 1976 "School" "Chuk and Gek"

Gaidar's name was given to many schools, streets of cities and villages of the USSR. The monument to the hero of Gaidar's story Malchish-Kibalchish - the first monument to a literary character in the capital (sculptor V.K. Frolov, architect V.S. Kubasov) - was erected in 1972 near the City Palace of Children and Youth Creativity on Vorobyovy Gory. Arkady Gaidar was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor and the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, posthumously.

Internet resources http:// www.people.su/131397 http:// www.piplz.ru/page.php?id=130 http:// gaidarovka-metod.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id= 143&Itemid=122 http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%E0%E9%E4%E0%F0,_%C0%F0%EA%E0%E4%E8%E9_% CF%E5%F2% F0%EE%E2%E8%F7