Petya's story the night before the battle. In childhood L.N.

Answer left by: Guest

How often do we say: “What a beautiful person! »What does “beauty” mean? It seems to me that this capacious concept includes, first of all, the inner, spiritual content, when a person lives in harmony with the world around him and himself, does what he loves, realizes his benefit to society, is self-sufficient, he does not need to stupefy himself with alcohol and drugs in order to feel happiness. He sees beauty “spread everywhere”: in nature, the souls of people close to him, in works of art, music. After all, it is impossible to live without spiritual food. How poor and meaningless our life would be if there were no creativity in it in the broadest sense of the word. You can do any work with joy, do it better and better each time, introducing an element of creativity, a piece of your beautiful soul. This is within the reach of every person.
You just need to want and try to master any profession, because idleness leads to degradation. I. S. Turgenev said this very well through the mouth of his hero Bazarov. Polemicizing with Pavel Petrovich (“Fathers and Sons”), Evgeniy says: “So you respect yourself and sit back.” How well the main condition for self-respect and mutual respect in human society is outlined - the need to work! Indeed, how can a parasite, a slacker, a lazy person command respect? contempt, pity, desire to help, but not admiration. Beauty, if true, is always self-realizing. After all, it doesn’t matter what a person does, if he creates goodness and beauty around himself, does the assigned work with complete dedication, but it’s impossible to do otherwise, if it’s good and interesting to be with him, you want to imitate him. Only a slave does work under pressure, and a free citizen who knows how to evaluate his abilities must strive for excellence along with progress. It’s breathtaking to think that a person is not a grain of sand, he is capable of transforming the world, but at the core there must be a desire to multiply the beauty scattered around. She will come back a hundredfold.
And vice versa, you cannot multiply evil with impunity, destroy the beauty created before you by previous generations. When I grow up, I will become an architect. In the 21st century, everything will change significantly. I will build unusually beautiful and comfortable buildings. I want to transform this land on which we live. But for this you need to study a lot so as not to spoil what was created before you - each generation cannot start everything “from scratch.” We are not Ivans who do not remember kinship. In Russia rich history, which was created by different people, to be honest, its best pages were written by great ancestors: Alexander Nevsky, Dmitry Donskoy, Sergius of Radonezh, poets, artists, musicians and architects who laid the standard of beauty. I believe that in the 21st century, a wonderful person, about whom Pushkin and Lermontov, Dostoevsky and Nekrasov dreamed, will grow up and be educated. But this will not happen by magic. To do this, you need to work hard and hard on yourself: to be sincere, to approach people with open-hearted and heart.
For me, the ideals of beauty are literary heroes created by the imagination of artists reflecting their views in a particular era: Tatyana Larina and the “Turgenev girls”, Natasha Rostova and Princess Marya, Kutuzov and Tikhon Shcherbaty, Sotnikov and Zoska Noreiko. What can I say, there is a lot literary heroes, who I want to be like, without copying behavior, gestures, clothes, demeanor. The main thing is to cultivate a bright soul, a desire to help people, take care of the land on which you were born, and do your work honestly. Is this not enough? ! It is enough to be a harmonious personality, an integral nature, and therefore a beautiful person. This beauty does not fade with time, but year after year it becomes brighter, more refined, and more valuable.

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The maple leaf broke away from the branch and flew... he flew over the roofs of houses and felt like a free bird in the sky. And finally the wind died down and the leaf smoothly fell into the river and was carried away by the fast current. The maple leaf was carried to the ground, the Little Hedgehog found it and took it to his hole. And the leaf fell asleep sweetly in its winter bed.

L. N. Tolstoy.

• As a child, L.N. Tolstoy

• dreamed of making everyone

• happy people.

• Adult life brought

• changes in views

• writer, but ideals

• brotherhood and love

• he will be to all people

• faithful to the end

• days.

Before us is an excerpt from the novel “War and Peace”. The action takes place in the period from 1805 to 1820. Petya Rostov is a fictional character. He was the youngest son in the Rostov family.

D. Davydov A. Seslavin

A. Figner G. Kurin

Historical information about the partisan movement.

The most active and vibrant manifestation people's war there was army and peasant partisan movement. Famous partisan leaders D.V. Davydov, A.N. Seslavin, A.S. Figner

One of the largest partisan detachments was the detachment of G.M. Chicken. In October, he gave the French 7 battles and liberated the city of Bogorodsk (now Noginsk) from them.

I hugged my dear ones, but the messenger gun

I interrupted the quiet sleep, and I’m flying to the slaughter!

And the daring squad rushed towards Varna...

Or should I die there?

War and death... I. I. Kozlov.

Vocabulary work.

• Burka - a long, dense cloak made of thin felt with goat hair

• Papakha – tall fur hat

• Kaftan - men's long-brimmed outerwear

• Esaul - officer rank in the hussar troops

• An orderly is an officer for assignments under the commander.

Testing your knowledge of the text. Test work.

• Excerpt topic:

A) the courage and fearlessness of the young hero

B) contrast of heroes, their attitude towards prisoners

C) the courage of soldiers during the war

2. Petya had feelings for people:

A) tender love

B) ordinary mistrust

B) deep respect

3. Sending Petya Rostov to Denisov’s detachment, the general:

A) allowed him to stay there until hostilities began

B) prohibited from participating in hostilities

B) allowed to participate in hostilities

4. The captured drummer Denisov decided:

A) send away along with other prisoners

B) keep it

B) shoot

5. Denisov saw prisoners:

A) worst enemies

B) deceived soldiers

B) unhappy people

6. Denisov asked Petya before the fight:

A) do nothing

B) face the test without fear

C) stay in the forest until the end of the battle

7. Petya dreamed of participating in battle because he wanted:

A) perform a feat

B) take revenge on the enemy

C) be useful in difficult times

8. Petit’s “musical” dream is evidence that:

A) the young hero is talented in music

B) harmony in music is understood by Petya as harmony in life, where there is no place for war

C) Petya has a rich imagination, fantasy and romanticism

9. After the death of Petya Dolokhov:

A) gave up the idea of ​​shooting prisoners

B) confirmed the decision to shoot prisoners

C) convinced Denisov that he was right

10. The narration is told on behalf of:

A) Denisova

B) Dolokhova

B) the author

Lesson reflection.

Continue the sentence.

Today in class I learned...

I liked this lesson...

Homework.

• Prepare a retelling on the topic “Peter on the night before the battle.” First, write a short outline of your story.

• Read an excerpt from the dramatization of the novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace".

Sources of materials.

• Compiled by T.F. Kurdyumova. Textbook-reader on literature. 5th grade. M.: Bustard. 2007.

• ABOUT. Belomestnykh, M.S. Korneev, I.V. Zolotareva. Lesson developments in literature grade 5. 2nd edition, expanded. M.: Vako. 2003.

• Author-compiler T.M. Ambusheva. Literature. 5th grade: lesson plans based on the textbook by T.F. Kurdyumova. Volgograd: Teacher. 2007.

The most active and striking manifestation of the people's war was the army and peasant partisan movement. Famous partisan leaders D.V. Davydov, A.N. Seslavin, A.S. Figner on November 9, 1812 captured 2 thousand privates, 60 officers and General Augereau. One of the largest partisan detachments was the detachment of G.M. Chicken. In October, he gave the French 7 battles and liberated the city of Bogorodsk (now Noginsk) from them.

3. Sending Petya Rostov to Denisov’s detachment, the general: A) allowed him to stay there until the start of hostilities B) forbade him to participate in hostilities C) allowed him to participate in hostilities 4. Denisov decided to: A) send the captured drummer along with other prisoners B ) keep B) shoot

7. Petya dreamed of participating in battle because he wanted: A) to accomplish a feat B) to take revenge on the enemy C) to be useful in difficult times 8. Petya’s “musical” dream is evidence that: A) young hero talented in music B) harmony in music is understood by Petya as harmony in life, where there is no place for war C) Petya is characterized by a rich imagination, fantasy and romanticism

Sources of materials. 1. Author-compiler T.F. Kurdyumova. Textbook-reader on literature. 5th grade. M.: Bustard O.B. Belomestnykh, M.S. Korneev, I.V. Zolotareva. Lesson developments in literature grade 5. 2nd edition, expanded. M.: Vako Author-compiler T.M. Ambusheva. Literature. 5th grade: lesson plans based on the textbook by T.F. Kurdyumova. Volgograd: Teacher

Last Stand Petya Rostov - the hero of L. N. Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace”

In this excerpt from Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace,” we are introduced to Petya Rostov. Petya is still just a boy, so he has a special attitude towards the war. He does not understand that war is, first of all, death. For him, war is heroism, adventure, testing oneself. Tolstoy writes: “Petya was in a constantly happily excited state of joy at the fact that he was big, and in a constantly enthusiastic haste not to miss any occasion of real heroism.” This condition led to his death.

Petya's death is senseless. But using the example of this hero, Tolstoy shows not only the cruelty of war, but also the fact that even in war one can not lose human qualities.

Denisov is trying to save Petya from this war, remembering his “crazy act in the Battle of Vyazemsky.” But Petya doesn’t want to listen to anyone and does these “crazy things,” as if he were playing some kind of game of his own.

Petya wants to seem like an adult in everything and especially tries to imitate Denisov and Dolokhov, to be worthy of their company. The boy tries to be on an equal footing with them: “He can do it, so can I!” It is impossible not to notice that Denisov is especially worried about Petya, who does not even sleep the whole night, waiting for his return from the French camp. Denisov asks him only one thing: “... obey me and don’t interfere anywhere,” but Petya dreams of commanding!

The boy lives in his own world, “in a magical kingdom in which there was nothing like reality” and “everything was possible.” In this world he dreams of heroism, and a “solemnly sweet hymn” sounds to him.

When reading this passage, you always worry about Petya. And the lines about his death are especially difficult. Even for Denisov, who had seen more than one death in the war, this death was a special blow.

One can feel Tolstoy's great sympathy for this hero. Petya is a very kind, sincere person, a true patriot. Probably, if every person was like this, then there would be no wars. After all, war destroys the world, and in this case it destroyed a special, magical, children's world.

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Lesson No. 15

Petya Rostov in a partisan detachment

Goals:

educational:

nurturing a love for thoughtful reading of works of Russian literature, attentive attitude by the way;

education of humanism,active life position, civic duty and patriotism;

educational:

generalization and systematization of knowledge obtained during the study of the epic novel by L.N. Tolstoy “War and Peace” on the topic of the lesson;

creating conditions for understanding the significance of war in human life;

developing:

improving skills in working with text, the ability to analyze what you read;

developing the ability to search for information in sources of various types;

forming your own position on the issues discussed.

Lesson type: lesson to improve knowledge, skills and abilities.

Lesson type: workshop lesson.

Methodical techniques: conversation on issues, retelling the text, expressive reading of the text, watching episodes from feature film, student messages.

Predicted result:

know literary text ;

be able toindependently find material on the topic and systematize it.

Equipment: notebooks, literary text, computer, multimedia, presentation, feature film.

Lesson progress

I. Organizational stage.

II. Motivation educational activities. Goal setting.

The teacher's word.

The days are bright and radiant,

When they are illuminated by the rays of the peaceful sun.

But if the horizon is engulfed in a military thunderstorm

And children don't sleep because of bomb explosions,

That childhood turns into suffering,

In some kind of monstrous test.

That was the test Patriotic War 1812 for Petya Rostov.

Discussion of the topic and objectives of the lesson.

III . Improving knowledge, skills and abilities.

The teacher's word.

A researcher of L. N. Tolstoy’s work, Bychkov, noted in his essay: “The image of Petya Rostov is one of the most exciting in War and Peace.”

When do we first meet Petya in the novel?

We first met him during Natasha's name day: a fat little boy who bet Natasha that at the birthday dinner she would ask her desperately cheerful question about the cake; he hovered around Nikolai and Denisov, who had come on vacation, like any boy who admires his older military brother; but we still didn’t notice him: he’s small.

When a letter arrived from Nikolai about his injury, nine-year-old Petya sternly said to his sisters: “It’s clear that all of you women are crybabies... I am so very glad and, truly, very glad that my brother distinguished himself so much. You are all nurses!.. If I were in Nikolushka’s place, I would kill even more of these Frenchmen...” He enthusiastically played at being an adult man - this game continued until 1812, until the onset of a new war.

At what age does Petya go to war?

At fifteen years old.

Analysis of the episode “Petya Rostov in the partisan detachment”

How did Petya end up in Denisov’s partisan detachment?

Petya asks the general, for whom he served as an orderly, to send him to the partisan detachment with a letter, and then begged Denisov to stay in the detachment.

What is he telling Denisov about?

“...About how he drove past the French and how glad he was that he was given such an assignment, and that he was already in the battle of Vyazma and that one hussar distinguished himself there.”

What did Petya look like?

Petya was “disheveled, thoroughly wet and with his trousers bunched up above his knees.” While talking with Denisov, he adjusts his trousers under his overcoat so that no one notices, “trying to look as militant as possible.”

The teacher's word.

Petya sees something fascinating in war, as in everything that changes the course of everyday life, he is a “non-military” person. He suppresses the best in himself, Rostov - aversion to murder, to violence

How does Petya react to Tikhon Shcherbaty’s story about the murder of a Frenchman?

At first he laughs with everyone, but then “Petya realized for a moment that this Tikhon had killed a man,” and “he felt embarrassed. He looked back at the captive drummer, and something pierced his heart. But this awkwardness lasted for an instant. He felt the need to raise his head higher, to cheer up...” These sensations are reminiscent of Nikolai Rostov’s feeling in the Ostrovny case, when he captured a Frenchman with a “homely face.” Nikolai Rostov also did not understand why he should kill this man, why he was to blame for him. And both of them, Petya and Nikolai, suppress these kind, human feelings in themselves.

What condition was Petya Rostov in these days?

He “was in a constantly happily excited state of joy at the fact that he was big, and in a constantly enthusiastic haste not to miss some occasion of real heroism.”

Why does he stay with Denisov?

Because “he would be ashamed to leave them in difficult times.” In Petya, as in Nikolai, there is no desire to find an easier job. “...You will let me into the most... the main..." And this is not from a desire to distinguish himself, to stand out ("I don’t need awards..."), but from a constant desire to be in the most important, interesting place. Tolstoy admires his spontaneity and sincerity.

How does Petya relate to people?

He was “in an enthusiastic childish state of tender love for all people...” Prince Andrei came to this state after much life's quest and misconceptions. Petya is given this feeling of “love for all people” by nature. He not only loves people, he also loves the world of things.

Is it by chance that a French drummer appears next to Petya in the story?

To create a more complete description of Petit, L.N. Tolstoy describes the scene of communication between Petit and the French boy.

Tell us the episode. Individual task.

What character traits of Petya are revealed in this episode?

Of course, kindness. ABOUT he feels sorry for the captive drummer boy, and this feeling in him is stronger than even the desire to seem like an adult. He wants to ask about the boy. “You could ask,” he thought, “but they’ll say: the boy himself felt sorry for the boy... Well, it doesn’t matter,” and he asks permission to feed the prisoner.

Who understands this feeling for the prisoner and who laughs at him?

“Yes, pathetic boy,” Denisov said, apparently not finding anything shameful in this reminder. “...Call him.” And the soldiers also treat the boy lovingly. The Cossacks call it “Spring”, and the men and soldiers call it “Viseny”. “In both adaptations, this reminder of spring coincided with the idea of ​​a young boy.” Dolokhov calls this boy “well done” and laughs at the pity for him. “It’s decent for a young count of sixteen to say these pleasantries, but it’s time for you to leave it,” he says to Denisov, expressing the conviction that there is no need to take prisoners.

But whose side is Tolstoy on in the dispute between Denisov and Dolokhov about prisoners?

Of course, on the side of Denisov, who declared: “And I can boldly say that there is not a single person on my conscience.” He sends all prisoners under escort to the city. Dolokhov not only kills prisoners, he finds “a special pleasure in talking about this subject.” Denisov feels “awkward” during the war; Petya Rostov also feels “uneasy” when he listens to Tikhon, who has just killed a man. Dolokhov talks about murders with pleasure, and Tikhon’s face breaks into a radiant smile when he tells how he killed the Frenchman. Being human even in war is not given to everyone.

Dolokhov was distinguished by his cruelty even in peacetime. Only the sphere of application of his cold courage has changed. The war gave him great opportunities to test his courage and kill people.

What is it that Petya likes about Dolokhov?

Coolness, courage. Petya wants to imitate Dolokhov and therefore goes with him on reconnaissance.

Petya's participation in the war, in all kinds of risky enterprises, is something contrary to his essence. Petya is the bearer of life and love, not death and hatred. And in war, he sees only how the “wonderful” qualities of people manifest themselves. Petya - life and love itself - does not even seem to know about the possibility of death in war. But Denisov knows about this.

How does Denisov respond to Petya’s request to let him go on reconnaissance with Dolokhov?

“...I won’t let him in for anything.” Denisov probably sent more than one person to death, but Petya cannot.

Tell us about the episode “Petya in Intelligence.” Individual task.

How does Denisov greet Petya, returning from reconnaissance?

"God bless! - he shouted. - Well, thank God! - he repeated, listening to Petya’s enthusiastic story. “And damn you, I didn’t sleep because of you!” Denisov intuitively feels that Petya’s world is, more than anyone else’s, a world of life and love.

Reading the episode “Petit’s Dream before the Battle.”

What pictures does Petya see in his dreams?

Petya sees peaceful pictures. A man in war lives in peace. As it should be for childhood, this world is presented in the form of a magical kingdom in which there was nothing similar to reality. In this world, all the best, most mysterious, most beautiful properties hidden in people and objects are revealed. “A big black spot, perhaps there was definitely a guardhouse, or perhaps there was a cave that led into the very depths of the earth... It may be that just a Cossack Likhachev is sitting under the wagon, but it may very well be that he is the kindest, bravest , the most wonderful, most excellent person in the world, whom no one knows.” Petya hears music.

How music helps you understand state of mind Petit?

Light, calm, lyrical music helps to understand the boy’s condition. Petya is calm and peaceful. In his dream there is no roar of battles, no noise, no battle, no glory. On the contrary - peace and quiet. Peaceful sounds in his childish soul displace the alien sounds of war. From real world Only the neighing of horses bursts in and the sound of a saber being sharpened. They do not disturb the chorus, but they sound alarming.)

Why do you think L.N. Tolstoy, before starting to depict the battle, describes “the night before the battle”, “Petit’s magical dream”?

Two episodes of opposite nature - lyrical and heroic, peaceful and military. The greater the contrast, the opposite of these scenes, the more terrible the picture of the battle and Petya’s death is perceived. This is not the night before the fight, this is the night before death.

What does Petya Likhachev say when he wakes him up?

"Ready, your honor,Spread the guard in two ", Likhachev gives Petya a saber, which he sharpened at his request. Real life with all its cruelty invades Petya’s dreams. In this “spread in two” - all the cruelty and fragmentation of the world, so alien to Petya’s music.

Retelling of the episode “The Death of Petya.” Individual task.

Petya dies without having time to perform the heroic deed that he dreamed of. So he gallops to the battlefield and... doesn’t make it in time. “I’m late again,” flashed through Petya’s head.” He dies senselessly. Dolokhov orders the infantry to wait. “Wait?.. Hurray! - Petya shouted and, without hesitating a single minute, galloped to the place from where the shots were heard and where the gunpowder smoke was thickest.” Again we see “the madness of the brave” with emphasis on the first word. With Petya his world of love and happiness perished. Denisov sees “Petya’s already pale face, stained with blood and dirt.” The scene of Petya's death is a new curse on the war, its senseless cruelty.

Let's watch a film fragment from S. Bondarchuk's film "War and Peace".

How are the fragments different?

While reading, we get an impression of Denisov himself, but the film does not show his feelings about the death of Petya.

How do Dolokhov and Denisov perceive Petya’s death?

Dolokhov said twice: “Ready!”, “as if pronouncing this word gave him pleasure.” And Denisov remembered Petya’s words: “I’m used to something sweet,” and “the Cossacks looked back in surprise at sounds similar to a dog barking, with which Denisov quickly turned away, walked up to the fence and grabbed it.” The whole atmosphere of Petya's death is tragic.

The teacher's word.

For L.N. Tolstoy, who had military experience, war was an unnatural phenomenon. Petya died at the age of 15. And the terrible news of his death will still come home to his mother and father, destroying the well-being and happy life of the Rostov family. War makes everyone unhappy and brings only suffering and torment. This is the terrible and cruel truth of war.

“Is it really cramped for people to live in this beautiful world, under this immeasurable starry sky? Is it really possible, amid this charming nature, to retain in the human soul a feeling of anger, revenge or the passion for exterminating one’s own kind? Everything unkind in a person’s heart should, it seems, disappear in contact with nature - this most direct expression of beauty and goodness,” these words belong to Leo Tolstoy.

IV . Information about homework.

1. Reading the text.

Pierre in the novel "War and Peace".

2. Individual tasks. Retelling of the episode “Pierre’s Duel with Dolokhov.”

3. The message "Pierre on the Borodino Field."

V . Summing up.

VI . Reflection.