I recently received a letter in which Likhachev. Collection of ideal social studies essays
Option 4
Read the text and complete tasks 1 – 3
(1) In 1943, the Hungarian Laszlo Biro, who received an order from the British Royal Air Force to develop a pen capable of writing at high altitudes at low pressure, first proposed the use of a rod consisting of a channel blocked by a metal ball. (2) The first ballpoint pens were simply terrible: the balls fell out, air bubbles blocked the writing unit, ink often began to leak, and at first people were more accustomed and, it seemed, easier to write with a regular fountain pen. (3) a ballpoint pen could be written with more pressure than a fountain pen, it did not scratch the paper, made fewer blots, and therefore quickly gained popularity.
1. Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) Ballpoint pens, invented by Laszlo Biro at the request of the British Air Force, quickly gained popularity, despite a number of shortcomings.
2) A ballpoint pen capable of writing at high altitudes at low pressure was developed by the Briton Laszlo Biro: he used a rod consisting of a channel blocked by a metal ball.
3) The first ballpoint pens, invented by order of the British Royal Air Force, were not in demand by the population: people preferred to write with ordinary fountain pens.
4) Despite the fact that the first ballpoint pens, invented by Laszlo Biro at the request of the British Air Force, had many disadvantages, they very quickly became popular due to their fundamental advantages over fountain pens.
5) Laszlo Biro went down in history as the inventor of a ballpoint pen, which could write at high altitudes with low pressure, did not scratch the paper and made fewer blots.
2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
For example,
Consequently
However
Moreover
Besides,
3. Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word LOW. Determine in what sense this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this meaning in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
LOW, -aya, -oe; - zok, zka, zko, zki.
1) Small in height, located at a small height from the ground, from something. level. N. fence.
2) Not reaching the average level, less than the average norm, insignificant. Low prices.
3) Poor, unsatisfactory in terms of quality. N. variety.
4) Mean, dishonest (contemptuous). N. act.
5) Thick to the ear. N. bass.
4. In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.
facilitate
visionary
fruit
poured
STARTED
5. In one of the sentences below, the highlighted word is used INCORRECTLY. Correct the mistake and write this word correctly.
All elements must form a single HARMONIOUS whole and correspond to your ideological plan.
He took a deep BREATH and decisively approached Gerasim.
The water was ICY, it made my teeth ache, and I swallowed with a ringing sound.
In the province, DEVIATION from honorary jury duty was insignificant in the early years.
A TECHNICAL chess player must be able to play on both flanks.
6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
secured more RELIABLE
old PASSPORTS
LIE on your back
APPLE TREE seedlings
pick up from the MENCH
7. Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and the sentences in which they were made: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
OFFERS
A) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition
B) violation in the construction of a complex sentence
C) incorrect construction of a sentence with a participial phrase
D) incorrect construction of sentences with indirect speech
D) violation in the construction of sentences with homogeneous members
1) Antipov bothered the repair service with complaints about the material being shipped to him to update the rail bed.
2) Standing on the threshold of the house, the parents looked for a long time after their children were leaving.
3) Upon arrival from Greece, I sat down to write a new book.
4) In “Ruslan and Lyudmila” A.S. Pushkin conveyed much of what he heard from his nanny Arina Rodionovna.
5) To get to Ryabtsev, who occupied an office on the fifth floor, Nastasya had to explain the purpose of her visit to a good dozen guards.
6) I was not accepted into the school basketball team. Because I was short.
7) When creating a project for a new building, the architect said that I want to make this building the most beautiful in the city.
8) Mistakes not only bring pain, but also make us wiser.
9) The war was a difficult test for the entire people, but everyone believed and hoped for victory.
8. Identify the word in which the unstressed vowel of the root being tested is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
hug..mother
pl..sneeze
insight
see..face (with the circumstances)
shining
9. Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.
and..trying, in..leading (institution)
pr..possible, pr..shore
super..gra, ob..sk
oh...grandfather, oh...I'll tell you
(I see) in.. reality, angry
10. Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.
hours..nka
stick up
industry..howl
beggarly
coughed..coughed
11. Write down the word in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.
sheep
you'll have to endure it
view..my
dozing..shine
outlined..outlined
12. Determine the sentence in which NOT is written together with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word.
Winter is (NOT) for nothing angry, its time has passed
His home life, which was (NOT) INTERESTING to anyone around him, went on as usual.
It was a month of happiness (NOT) marred by bad events.
My new friend was by no means a (NOT)POOR man, but his stinginess discouraged me.
Stas greeted Olga (NOT) cordially and warmly, but coldly and aloofly.
13. Determine the sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words.
(WHY) in separation from her, (IN) DEPRESSION of slander, the heart in us is ready to bleed to the last drop
(APPARENTLY), the very principle from which this truth comes obliges you, (IN) VIEW of your position in society, to recognize in it only an inner light.
(IN) THE MIDDLE of the room (IN) FOR 20 years there was the same table, covered with the same lace tablecloth.
I wanted at ALL costs to meet Sonya, to tell her how bored I was, how I suffered (IN) ALONE, not daring to admit my feelings to anyone.
The officer stood (at) Stretch, and the general, meanwhile, gave the order to the soldiers to form columns (BY) TWO.
14. Indicate all the numbers in whose place NN is written.
Immediately I remembered the mirror reaching to the floor, which immediately (1) reflected the second torture (2) and ditch (3) Sharik, deer antlers in height, countless (4) fur coats and galoshes.
15. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) In the distance the sound of a motor or the crunch of a fallen tree was heard.
2) Vasily Porfirych handed out a microscopic piece of prosphora to the children, drank some tea and sat down in the office.
3) This was a gentleman who was no longer young, prim and dignified, with a cautious and grumpy physiognomy.
4) For centuries, these trees have been related to us and gave our ancestors creaky bast shoes and a smokeless splinter.
5) Darwin had poor health almost all his life, and this did not prevent him from demonstrating the highest level of intensity of mental work.
16. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.
The swimmer (1) was brave, deciding on such a night (2) to set off across the strait at a distance of twenty miles (3) and there must have been an important reason (4) that prompted him to do this.
17. Place all the missing punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.
Talking to you (1) my dear (2) I (3) finally (4) came to one single thought: if we (5) gentle (6) my friend (7) cannot breathe without each other (8) however (9) The will of our parents interferes with our well-being; is it possible for us to do without it?
18. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.
In Gorokhovaya Street, in one of the large houses (1) the population (2) of which (3) would be enough for a whole county town(4) Ilya Ilyich Oblomov was lying in bed in his apartment this morning.
19. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.
Yegorushka looked around (1) and did not understand (2) where this strange song came from (3) but (4) when he listened (5) it began to seem to him (6) that it was the grass singing, complaining about the heat and drought.
20. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating superfluous word. Write this word down.
It was useless to hide the true truth, and Serpilin did not consider himself entitled to do so
Read the text and complete tasks 21 – 26
(1) I recently received a letter in which a schoolgirl writes about her friend. (2) The literature teacher suggested that this friend write an essay about a very important Soviet writer. (3) And in this essay, the schoolgirl, paying tribute to both the genius of the writer and his significance in the history of literature, wrote that he had mistakes. (4) The teacher considered all this inappropriate and scolded her very much. (5) And so a friend of that schoolgirl turns to me with a question: is it possible to write about the mistakes of great people? (6) I answered her that it is not only possible, but also necessary to write about the mistakes of great people, that a person is great not because he has never made mistakes. (7) No one is free from mistakes in our life, in our complex life.
(8) What is important to a person? (9) How to live life? (10) First of all, do not commit any actions that would lower his dignity. (11) You can’t do very much in life, but if you don’t do anything, even small things, against your conscience, then by this very fact you bring enormous benefit. (12) Even in our ordinary, everyday life. (13) But in life there can also be difficult, bitter situations when a person is faced with the problem of choice - to be dishonored in the eyes of others or in his own. (14) I am sure that it is better to be dishonored in front of others than in front of your conscience. (15) A person must be able to sacrifice himself. (16) Of course, such a sacrifice is a heroic act. (17) But you need to go to it.
(18) When I say that a person should not go against his conscience, should not make a deal with it, I do not at all mean that a person cannot or should not make mistakes or stumble. (19) No one is free from mistakes in our complex life. (20) However, a person who has stumbled is in grave danger: he often falls into despair. (21) It begins to seem to him that everyone around him is a scoundrel, that everyone lies and acts badly. (22) Disappointment sets in, and disappointment, loss of faith in people, in decency, is the worst thing.
(23) Yes, they say: “Take care of your honor from a young age.” (24) But even if you didn’t manage to preserve your honor from a young age, you need and can regain it in adulthood, break yourself, find the courage and courage to admit mistakes.
(25) I know a person whom everyone now admires, who is very much appreciated, whom I also admire last years loved his life. (26) Meanwhile, in his youth he committed a bad act, a very bad one. (27) And he later told me about this act. (28) He admitted it himself. (29) Later, we were sailing with him on a ship, and he said, leaning on the deck railing: “And I thought that you wouldn’t even talk to me.” (30) I didn’t even understand what he was talking about: my attitude towards him changed much earlier than he confessed to the sins of his youth. (31) I already understood that he did not realize much of what he was doing...
(32) The path to repentance can be long and difficult. (33) But how admirable the courage to admit one’s guilt is - it adorns both the person and society.
(34) Anxiety of conscience... (35) They prompt, teach; they help not to violate ethical standards, to maintain dignity - the dignity of a morally living person.
(according to D.S. Likhachev*)
* Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev (1906–1999) - Soviet and Russian philologist, cultural critic, art critic, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
21. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.
1) Likhachev writes that a schoolgirl, his student, approached him with a question.
2) In the text, such concepts as “honor” and “conscience” are very closely related to each other.
3) Sacrificing yourself is a heroic act, and you need to think very carefully before doing it.
4) When a person is at odds with his conscience, it seems to him that everyone around him is lying and doing bad things.
5) A friend of the hero-narrator confessed to him about the mistakes he had made on the ship.
22. Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) Sentences 13–14 present the reasoning.
2) Proposition 21 explains, reveals the content of sentence 20.
3) Proposition 24 contains a conclusion, a consequence of what is said in sentence 23.
4) Sentences 26–28 contain reasoning.
5) Sentences 34–35 provide a description.
23. From sentences 18–22, write down a phraseological unit with the meaning “to mean someone, something.”
24. Among sentences 1–7, find one(s) that is related to the previous one using a coordinating conjunction, demonstrative pronoun, and word forms.
25. “Techniques of expressiveness in the works of D.S. Likhachev play a special role: they clarify the author’s idea, specify details, and place the necessary logical accents. In the presented text, among such techniques one can highlight (A)_______ (sentences 11–12) and (B)________ (in sentences 23, 29). A feature of D.S.’s style Likhachev also includes such a technique as (B)________ (“in our life” in sentence 7). Among the few tropes, it is worth highlighting (G)_______ (“bitter situations” in sentence 13.”
List of terms:
1) epithets
2) antonyms
3) parcellation
4) spoken words
5) series of homogeneous members of the sentence
6) quoting
7) lexical repetition
8) metonymy
9) assonance
26. Write an essay based on the text you read.
Formulate one of the problems posed by the author of the text.
Comment on the formulated problem. Include in your comment two illustrative examples from the text you read that you think are important for understanding the problem in the source text (avoid excessive quoting).
Formulate the position of the author (storyteller). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the text you read. Explain why. Argue your opinion, relying primarily on reading experience, as well as knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).
The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.
Option 4
1. Answer: 14|41.
2. Answer: however.
3. Answer: 2.
4. Answer: bear fruit.
5. Answer: evasion.
6. Answer: reliable.
7. Answer: 26579
8. Answer: come to terms with it
9. Answer: very angry
10. Answer: unstick
11. Answer: dozing
12. Answer: not without reason
13. Answer: why in spite of
14. Answer: 124.
15. Answer: 25
16. Answer: 12578
18. Answer: 14.
19. Answer: 2356.
20. Answer: true.
21. Answer: 24
22. Answer: 12.
23. Answer: 3
25. Answer: 3671
1. The problem of mistakes in human life. (Is it possible to live life without making any mistakes?)
1. In our complex life, no one is free from mistakes. Making mistakes and realizing them is a natural process
2. The problem of the relationship between the greatness of a person and the mistakes he has made. The problem of publicizing the mistakes of great people. (Can the greatness of a person consist in the fact that he has never made mistakes? Is the concept of “greatness” connected with the mistakes that a person makes? Is it possible to talk about the mistakes of great people or should it be hidden?)
2. The greatness of a person does not lie in the fact that he has not made any mistakes. Therefore, we can and should talk about the mistakes of great people.
3. The problem of the role of conscience in human life. (What is the role of conscience in a person’s life? Does living “according to conscience” protect against mistakes? Does living “according to conscience” bring benefits?)
3. Living “according to conscience” does not protect against mistakes, but conscience is what prompts, teaches, helps not to violate ethical standards, and maintain the dignity of a morally living person. Even if a person has not done much in life, but lived in accordance with his conscience, he has already brought significant benefit.
4. The problem of choosing guidelines on the path of life. (How should a person live his life? What is important for him to focus on first of all?)
4. A person should not commit any actions that would lower his dignity. There is no need to go against your conscience. Therefore, the main guideline should be your own conscience.
5. The problem of choice: to be dishonored in the eyes of others - or in your own. (Which is better: to be dishonored in the eyes of others or to lose honor and dignity in your own eyes?)
5. It is better to be dishonored in front of other people than in front of your conscience. Of course, dishonor in the eyes of others is a great sacrifice, but it must be made...
6. The problem of honor. (Is it possible, having committed something bad in youth, dishonest act, regain your honor in adulthood?)
6. If it was not possible to preserve honor from a young age, it can and should be regained in adulthood.
7. The problem of repentance. (Do you need to repent of your mistakes?)
7. Despite the fact that the path to repentance can be long and difficult, since admitting your mistakes is very difficult, it is very useful, it decorates a person, because repentance is a manifestation of courage
8. The problem of the consequences of errors. (What dangers await a person who makes a mistake? What is one of the most terrible consequences of a mistake?)
8. A person who has made a mistake may fall into despair. Then disappointment may set in, loss of faith in people, in decency, and this is the worst thing.
* To formulate a problem, the examinee may use vocabulary that differs from that presented in the table. The problem may also be cited from the original text or indicated by reference to sentence numbers
How to live life without mistakes? How not to be disappointed? Is it possible for a person who has stumbled to correct everything? These and other questions arise in my mind after reading D.S. Likhachev’s text.
The author raises several problems in his text. I want to look at one of them - the problem of the difficulty of life's path. Dmitry Sergeevich argues that it is very difficult to live life without mistakes. “No one is free from mistakes in our lives, in our complex lives.” Everything will happen: disappointment and despair. The author is convinced that “even if it was not possible to preserve honor from a young age, it must and can be returned in adulthood, overcome oneself, find the courage and courage to admit mistakes.”
Proving this, Dmitry Sergeevich talks about a close person whom everyone admires and everyone values him very much, despite the fact that “in his youth he committed a very bad act.” The problem that the author raises made me think that, even having stumbled, a person can and should live on, realizing his mistakes.
I agree with the author. No one is immune from mistakes, especially at a young age. We must recognize them and learn to live on without doing “anything, even small things, against our conscience.” Classic writers have repeatedly spoken about this in their works.
Let's remember main character L.N. Tolstoy’s epic novel “War and Peace” to Natasha Rostova. She could not stand the year of separation from Andrei Bolkonsky. Out of naivety and inexperience, because of the overwhelming feeling of love, she believed the experienced seducer Anatoly Kuragin. She decides to run away with him. Fortunately, this did not happen. When Natasha learns from Pierre that Anatole is married, that he acted dishonestly with her, she falls into despair. The girl receives a cruel lesson that will teach her not to trust words, which will make her understand that life can be different. Natasha will recover from the shock, although she has been on the brink of death. She will be sick for a whole year, not physically, but mentally. But life will win. Natasha admits her mistakes and gradually learns to enjoy life again and trust people. We will see Natasha helping the wounded, not leaving the bedside of the dying Bolkonsky, supporting her mother Countess Rostova, who will be in extreme despair after the news of Petya’s death. We will see Natasha as Pierre's wife and a caring, loving mother. Life is so varied. Even though sometimes it seems complicated and difficult to us, life also gives us joy and happiness. Natasha realized her mistake, went through the “anxieties of conscience” and returned to life.
We are also happy for Rodion Raskolnikov, the hero of F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “Crime and Punishment,” who was able to see the light of a new life. Let it be through a long and difficult path of repentance. He killed the old pawnbroker and Lizaveta in order to prove to himself that he “has the right” and “is not the dearest creature” according to his own theory. But, having committed a crime, he goes through such torment that he is ready to commit suicide. Razumikhin, Sonechka, Dunya, they pity Rodion and understand his suffering, do not turn away, and, perhaps, save him from a fatal step. Raskolnikov understands that no one is given the right to take the life of another person. His theory fails. And before us at the end of the novel there is already another hero, renewed, on the path to living according to his conscience.
All of the above allows us to draw the following conclusion: life path It's never easy. Difficulties and mistakes await everyone. But there is no need to despair and be disappointed. We must live listening to our own conscience. We must admit our mistakes and try not to make them again. We must love this life, we will not have another.
Updated: 2018-01-10
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(1) I recently received a letter in which a schoolgirl writes about her
to a friend. (2) The literature teacher suggested that this friend write
an essay about a very important Soviet writer. (3) And in this essay
schoolgirl, paying tribute to both the genius of the writer and his significance
in the history of literature, wrote that he had mistakes. (4)Teacher
She considered all this inappropriate and scolded her very much. (5) And here is that friend
Schoolgirls come to me with a question: is it possible to write about mistakes?
great people? (6) I answered her that it was not only possible, but also necessary to write about
mistakes of great people, that a person is great not because he is not good at anything
I was wrong. (7) No one is free from mistakes in our life, in our complex
(8) What is important to a person? (9) How to live life? (10) First of all, don’t
commit no actions that would lower his dignity.
(11) You can't do much in life, but if you don't do anything,
even small things, against your conscience, then by this you already bring
enormous benefit. (12) Even in our ordinary, everyday life.
(13) But in life there can be difficult, bitter situations when
a person is faced with the problem of choice - to be dishonored in the eyes of
others or in your own. (14) I’m sure it’s better to be
dishonored before others than before his own conscience. (15 people
must be able to sacrifice oneself. (16) Of course, such a sacrifice is
heroic deed. (17) But you need to go to it.
(18) When I say that a person should not go against his
conscience, should not make a deal with her, I do not mean at all that
a person cannot or should not make mistakes, stumble. (19) Nobody
free from mistakes in our complex life. (20) However, the person who
stumbled, a grave danger lurks: he often comes
into despair. (21) It begins to seem to him that everyone around him is a scoundrel, that everyone is lying
and act badly. (22) Disappointment sets in, and disappointment, loss
faith in people, in decency - this is the worst thing.
(23) Yes, they say: “Take care of your honor from a young age.” (24) But even if it didn’t succeed
preserve honor from a young age, you need and can regain it in adulthood,
break yourself, find the courage and courage to admit mistakes.
(25) I know a man whom everyone admires now, who is very
appreciated, whom I also loved in the last years of his life. (26) Meanwhile
in his youth he did a bad thing, a very bad thing. (27) And he to me
then he told about this action. (28) He admitted it himself. (29) Later we sailed
with him on the ship, and he said, leaning on the deck railing: “And I thought
that you won’t even talk to me.” (30) I didn’t even understand what he was talking about:
my attitude towards him changed much earlier than he admitted
in the sins of youth. (31) I already understood that he did not realize much of
what he did...
(32) The path to repentance can be long and difficult. (33) But how
adorns the courage to admit one’s guilt - adorns both the person and society.
(34) Anxiety of conscience... (35) They prompt, teach; they don't help
violate ethical standards, maintain dignity - dignity is moral
living person.
(according to D.S. Likhachev*)
* Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev (1906–1999) – Soviet and Russian
philologist, culturologist, art critic, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Show full text
Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev - Soviet philologist, culturologist, art critic, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences – raises the problem of repentance in his text.
To draw our attention to this problem, the author tells a story about a boat trip, during which his friend confessed to a very bad act in his youth. “...he told me about this act. He admitted it himself,” writes Dmitry Likhachev.
Many Russian and foreign writers have addressed the problem of repentance. One of these was N.M. Karamzin. In his work « Poor Lisa» the author says
Criteria
- 1 of 1 K1 Formulation of source text problems
- 0 of 3 K2
You can define the purpose of your existence in different ways, but there must be one goal - otherwise there will be not life, but vegetation.
You also need to have principles in life. It’s even good to write them down in a diary, but for the diary to be “real”, it cannot be shown to anyone - write only for yourself.
Composition
At a certain point in life, every person has a number of questions regarding his purpose, the meaning of his existence and the essence of everything that he has done, is doing and will do. Dozens of philosophical movements, hundreds of theories, countless publications and articles, debates and reflections - and all so that everyone can answer just one question for themselves. What is a sense of life? D.S. invites us to reflect on this problem in his text. Likhachev.
Every century this question troubles the minds of people, and in answering it, the author of the text turns, first of all, to the foundation from which personality is built: to human principles and dignity, to altruistic ideas and tough but fair self-control. The writer points out to us that in our life “good” often goes along with “bad”, and therefore it is important to be able to set priorities, value and respect yourself and your life, and also find the strength to give up things that are insignificant to varying degrees for the sake of something more - and “something more” should always serve as a guiding star for us, the only one and irreplaceable. In the text by D.S. Likhachev literally conducts a conversation with us, briefly answering some questions and leaving others open, simultaneously leading us to the idea that everyone interprets in their own way that “creative tendency”, that creative value that nature has invested in our creation, and projects this onto his life, maintaining the basis, but at the same time adding something of his own, something new and exceptional, something larger than everything else, something that will bring satisfaction and happiness to the individual himself and everyone around him its people - and in this the author sees the essence of human existence.
The main idea of the text is that every person, driven by one single goal, must throughout his life preserve and improve the creative message with which nature created him, make himself and those around him happy, not waste himself on petty and vile actions and with dignity to do something exceptional and large-scale, something that can and should remain a new page in world history, or at least one line in it.
The author’s position is close to me, and I also believe that the meaning of human life is in constant creative creation and improvement of what already exists. Many people believe that similar image life, the basis of which is self-control, dignity and respect, prevents a person from experiencing “all the delights of life”, however, it seems to me that the attempts of many to destroy and decompose everything that was carved out before us are sad and pathetic - it is not difficult and truly boring. Creation is what makes life worth living, it is diverse, multifaceted and eternal, because only with the help of creation do we have the opportunity to remain a touch, some detail in world history, and this is worth a lot. “Man is condemned to be free” - condemned because he was created not of his own free will, through external intervention - but free, because he himself has the right to make things brighter and more significant own life and the lives of others.
The problem of the meaning of life was often raised by many authors in various works, A.S. Pushkin was no exception. In his novel “Eugene Onegin”, the author describes the life of an extraordinary but confused personality, in whose actions there was no definite attitude, no specifics - the main character acted according to the will of his own desires, which ultimately turned into a tragedy for several characters at once. Eugene Onegin was not for creation - he rather destroyed, often consciously, which, of course, did not bring any benefit to him or those around him. He refused Tatyana's love, killed in a duel a creative and truly worthy person with goals and desires, and he himself had no interest in anything and simply floated with the flow of life. There was no meaning in the existence of Eugene Onegin at the beginning of the novel, he was unable to find it by the end, but only the hero himself is to blame for this, throughout the entire novel he brings only destruction and does nothing to save his own personality.
Grigory Pechorin, the hero of the novel by M.Yu., faced the same problem. Lermontov "Hero of Our Time". Grigory, like Eugene Onegin, from childhood began to wrap himself in a tangle of misunderstanding and rejection, he destroyed people's lives and to some extent enjoyed it, and at the same time he lost his own face, destroyed himself as a person and by the end of his life he was completely confused, never being able to understand why he appeared and what he was going to. Main character he was not happy himself, denying himself love and joy, and also deliberately ruined the happiness of Bella, Mary, Grushnitsky and many others, thereby bringing only destruction into his world. In Pechorin’s life there was only pain, unhappiness, melancholy and apathy of him and those around him, the hero every day alienated his own happiness, his own peace and the meaning of existence, which initially could not lead to something good.
"What is a sense of life? Serve others and do good." - Aristotle. Our life is in our own hands, with this thought we need to fall asleep and wake up, always having in front of us the main guideline - the goal of our whole life, a dream, aspiration, a desire to act and bring happiness to this world. Otherwise, what remains for a person if all this does not make sense?
Mistakes in our complex life... Is it possible to live life without making mistakes? How to purchase life experience and become wiser? These questions are asked by the famous philologist D.S. Likhachev.
Reflecting on this problem, the author cites as an example a letter from a schoolgirl who wonders: should we pay attention to the mistakes of great people? Likhachev replies that “no one is free from mistakes” even in everyday life. Indeed, it is impossible to deny that every person has made a mistake at least once. But how can we correct what has been done? Developing this question, Likhachev recalls an episode from life when a young man had the strength to admit his bad deed. This acquaintance delighted Likhachev and helped him understand that it was important to “break yourself, find the courage and courage to admit mistakes.” Likhachev also notes that it is not too late to correct the mistakes of youth even in adulthood.
D.S. Likhachev believes that the path of admitting mistakes can be long and difficult, but only a person who has repented of his sins is able to maintain honor and dignity.
Often a person makes the most serious mistakes in his youth due to lack of experience. This situation is described in the novel “Crime and Punishment” by F.M. Dostoevsky. Rodion Raskolnikov, a poor student, wanting to test the theory in practice strong personality, commits a crime against the law and conscience: he kills an old pawnbroker in cold blood. But Rodion cannot step over his human essence; his conscience torments him. He soon realizes that he has made a mistake and comes forward to pay for what he has done. In hard labor, the hero gradually takes the path of spiritual and moral development. F.M. Dostoevsky emphasizes that a person who has repented of his mistakes is worthy of forgiveness and needs guidance and compassion.
Bulgakov shows the difficult path of redemption in the novel “The Master and Margarita.” The procurator of Judea, Pontius Pilate, is faced with a difficult choice: to execute the philosopher Yeshua Ha-Nozri, who preaches humanism, or to incur the wrath of Caesar, whose power is “undeniable.” Cowardice takes over Pontius Pilate, and he signs the death warrant for the sage, although he himself is not happy with his decision. The price for this act was immortality and loneliness for two thousand years. The procurator's mistake was irreparable, but he realized what he had done and sincerely repented of punishing an innocent person. At the end of the novel, the Master and Pontius Pilate meet in eternal peace; Woland believes that the procurator has earned forgiveness and allows him to be released. Using the example of Pontius Pilate, Bulgakov shows us that we need to follow the call of conscience, only this can protect us from tragic mistakes.
Indeed, a person’s whole life is an eternal search for his place in life through trial and error. The main thing is that when a person makes mistakes, he accepts these mistakes, analyzes them, and thereby gains invaluable life experience.
