Conversation on the day of Belarusian writing in the senior group. Summary of a lesson in the preparatory school group “Journey to the Land of Letters”, dedicated to the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture

Day of Slavic Literature and Culture at the Preschool Educational Institution

Across broad Rus' - our mother -
The bells ring out.
Now the brothers Saints Cyril and Methodius
They are glorified for their efforts.
Remember Cyril and Methodius -
Glorious brothers, equal to the apostles
In Belarus, Macedonia,
In Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia.
They praise the wise brothers in Bulgaria,
In Ukraine, Croatia, Serbia.
All the peoples who write in Cyrillic,
What have been called Slavic since ancient times,
They glorify the feat of the first teachers,
Christian enlighteners.
Fair-haired and gray-eyed,
Everyone is bright in face and glorious in heart,
Drevlyans, Rusichi, glades,
Tell me, who are you?
WE ARE SLAVS!
Your article is all nice,
Everyone is different and everyone is alike,
Now you are called Russians,
Since ancient times, who are you?
WE ARE SLAVS!
Let's take you on a short journey on a steam locomotive into the past to find out how writing developed.
The children board the “train” and ride to the station to the song. (Slide 3)
1 station. "Primitive". Rock symbols - letters, hieroglyphs. Charcoal drawing.
Slide 4.So in ancient times, people exchanged information by sending each other various objects. It turned out cumbersome and not particularly clear. When people realized that exchanging message objects was a troublesome task, they began to draw these objects.
Slide 5.Such images were found on the walls of caves where ancient people once lived. These are the first steps of man towards the creation of writing. Gradually, people began to replace drawings with symbols.

Slide 6. Inscriptions were made on stones, rocks, and on boards. Of course, it was difficult to transport such “letters” over distances and these signs could be understood in different ways.
Slide 7- Time passed. Gradually, people moved from drawings to signs, which they began to call letters. This is how writing was born.
(Practical activities for students. Drawing.) 2 teams on 2 easels, send the team a message in the form of rock inscriptions, for example, we are going hunting, or we killed a mammoth.
The children get on the train and move on. (Slide 8)
Slide 9. 2nd station. "Historical". Cyril and Methodius. Glagolitic and Cyrillic
Presenter: Goy, you are our nice guests, kind, dear children!
I will tell you about Holy Rus', about distant times unknown to you. Once upon a time there lived good fellows, beautiful, beautiful maidens. They knew how to plow and mow, cut down mansions, they knew how to weave canvases and embroider them with patterns. But our ancestors did not know how to read, did not know how to read books or write letters. And the wise brothers Cyril and Methodius appeared in Rus'. (Slide 10) The younger brother Kirill dreamed of writing books that were understandable to the Slavs, and for this he had to come up with letters. Years have passed. The brothers grew up and learned. But the dream of creating a Slavic alphabet did not leave his younger brother. He worked hard. And now the alphabet was ready. His elder brother Methodius began to help him. Cyril and Methodius accomplished a great work! This event happened a very long time ago.
The teacher shows the Cyrillic alphabet - the Slavic alphabet, emphasizing that the names of the letters were supposed to remind people of words that should not be forgotten: “earth”, “life”, “good”, etc. (Slide 11)
Each letter in the ancient Slavic alphabet was special. She had a name.
Do you think there were many books at that time? Why? (Children's answers).
At that time, books were written by hand by arctic foxes; one book took several years to write. Many people wanted to read books, but there were very few of them, so people began to think about how to simplify this process. (Slide 12)
Now listen to the story. In a Russian village there lived a boy, Vanya Fedorov. His father copied books, was a scribe, and Vanya saw how difficult it was. He wanted to make a printing machine so that he could print many books, so that people would learn a lot of wisdom from books. To print a book, you first had to cut out the letters. The capital letters were beautifully decorated. (Slide 13)
Invite children to cut out capital carved letters.
Let's go to the next station. (Slide 14)

3rd station. "Musical - gaming." Folk games. (Slide 15)
Educator: Yes, what beauties the Russian land is rich in: long braids, bright sundresses, colorful, colorful scarves. Shouldn't we play an interesting game with them now? Take out your handkerchiefs, people, and go out for a walk in a circle.
The musical game “Pass the handkerchief” is held at your choice
Whoever has a handkerchief left stands in a circle and dances, the rest repeat.
Song "At my Russia"
The Slavs worked hard, but they also loved to have fun, they loved to sing songs and dance in circles.
And we are going to the next station. (Slide 16)
4 Station “Skazochno-zagadkino”(Slide 17)
1) 33 sisters sat on the pages.
They sat down next to each other, they were not silent, they told us riddles.
If you know their secret, you will find the answer to everything. (Letters)
2) She speaks silently, but clearly and not boringly.
You talk to her more often, you will become four times smarter. (Book)
3) The first book where you study letters,
What do you call her? (Primer)
Letter to letter - there will be a word,
Word by word - the speech is ready.
And melodious and harmonious,
It sounds like music.
So let's praise these letters!
Let them come to the children
And let him be famous
Our Slavic alphabet.
Proverbs READ BY CHILDREN
A mind without a book is like a bird without wings.
What is written with a pen cannot be cut down with an axe.
A bird is not red with its feathers, it is red with its mind.
A good book is not a burden to read.
From time immemorial it has been raising a person.
Gold comes from the earth, and knowledge from books.
It's not good to read books if you can only grasp the tops of them.
The spoken word has existed and no, but the written word lives forever.
It is wasted effort to fish without a hook and to study without a book.
A book is to the mind what warm rain is to sunrise.
The book decorates in happiness, and consoles in misfortune.
Bread nourishes warmth, and a book nourishes the mind.
We read a lot of books: stories, poems. But from the very early childhood we all love fairy tales.
- What fairy tales do you know? Let's check it out? (Slide 18)
1) A kind girl lived in a fairy tale,
I went to visit my grandmother in the forest.
Mom made a beautiful hat
And I didn’t forget to bring some pies with me.
What a sweet girl.
What's her name? ... (Little Red Riding Hood)
2) I'm a wooden boy,
Here is the golden key!
Artemon, Pierrot, Malvina -
They are all friends with me.
I stick my long nose everywhere,
My name is... (Pinocchio)
3) Three of them live in a hut,
It has three chairs and three mugs,
Three beds, three pillows.
Guess without a hint
Who are the heroes of this fairy tale? (Three Bears)
4) In a dark forest at the edge,
Everyone lived together in the hut.
The children were waiting for their mother,
The wolf was not allowed into the house.
This fairy tale is for the guys... (Wolf and seven kids)
5) Fulfilled three wishes,
But the old man's punishment
Three mistakes for the old woman
Took everything back (Goldfish)...
6) Grandma is old, grandma is ancient,
Black cat, bone leg,
In Russian fairy tales, the villain is the first.
Children, this is (Baba Yaga)...
We traveled from the past to the present and learned how difficult it was to create the book, a lot of people worked on its creation, it is our faithful friend, and teaches us a lot, so let’s take care of the book.
Here you go guys, our fabulous journey has ended, I propose to take our seats and head back to kindergarten. (Slide 19)
Two brothers, Cyril and Methodius,
We want to say thank you
For the letters that we really need
To teach us to read. (Slide 20)

Move.

(Slide 2) The festive bell rings.

Educator:

Across our wide Rus', mother,

The bells ring out.

Now the brothers Saints Cyril and Methodius

They are glorified for their efforts.

They remember Cyril and Methodius,

Glorious brothers equal to the apostles,

In Belarus, Macedonia,

In Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia.

They praise the wise brothers in Bulgaria,

In Ukraine, Croatia, Serbia.

All the peoples who write in Cyrillic,

What have been called Slavic since ancient times,

They glorify the feat of the first teachers,

Christian enlighteners.

(Slide 3) - Every year on May 24, Russia celebrates the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture. We decided to surprise you.

(Takes out the primer) (Slide 4)

Questions for children:

What is this? (book, ABC)

What is it for? (children learn letters from it, learn to read)

What are all the letters together called (alphabet)

The child reads the verse:

The alphabet is ours best friend, they know everything in the world!

There are many letters around, all children learn them.

Questions for children:

Why do we need letters? (we can communicate with each other at a distance, write a letter, learn new things from books and magazines)

How did the letters appear? Now I will talk about how writing appeared.

Teacher's story:

For a long time, ancient people transmitted information to each other by drawing animals and hunting scenes on rocks and stones. These were man's first steps towards the creation of writing.. (Slide 5-6)

Later, people began to replace drawings with symbols. To keep the information longer, primitive people they carved out silhouettes of animals and symbols on the rocks with a sharp stone.(Slide 7-8-9)

Here we have a stone from the past. Let's try to leave some kind of message like ancient people.

(There is a large stone in the hall. Children are trying to carve a sign on it)

Is it easy to write a message and deliver it to its destination? (no, it’s heavy, it’s difficult and time-consuming to emboss the design)

That's right, that's why people began to write on the material that was easier to find or make.People began to write with pointed sticks - they were called writing. Instead of paper, they used wax tablets and birch bark - birch bark.(Slide 10-11)

Time passed. They were replaced by goose feathers and paper(Slide 12)

This is the history of the emergence of writing.

And I want to tell you how the alphabet appeared.

It is clear that for a long time our ancestors cultivated the land, farmed, built houses, wove canvas, embroidered, but did not know how to read books or write letters. At that time there lived two preacher brothers. Cyril and Methodius.(slide 13) The younger brother Kirill decided to write books that were understandable to the Slavs, but for this it was necessary to come up with Slavic letters. This is what the brothers did. Their alphabet had 44 letters.(slide 14-15-16)

In honor of the enlighteners Cyril and Methodius, a holiday was established - the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture. Every year, on May 24, Saints Cyril and Methodius are solemnly glorified in all Slavic countries.(slide 17-18)

The first Slavic alphabets were Glagolitic and Cyrillic. The name of the alphabet “Glagolitic” comes from the word VERB, which means “speech”. And “Cyrillic” is named after its creator, Kirill. Later this alphabet became the basis for the Russian alphabet(slides 19-20).

Books in Rus' were made from parchment: specially treated sheep skin.One book sometimes took up to 30 animal skins - a whole herd! That is why books were expensive and only very rich people bought them.(slide 21-22)

Ordinary letters were written on the cheaper material birch bark. The marks were made with a bone rod. Novgorod birch bark documents confirmed the assumption that already in Ancient Rus' there were many who knew how to write and read.(slide 23)

Each letter in the Old Russian alphabet has its own name: az, beeches, vedi, earth. The names of the letters reminded people of words such as “good”, “earth”, “people”, “peace”, “word”.(slide 24-25)

Fizminutka

Guys, do you have names? Let's play?

Whose name begins with the letter "A" - let's stomp, whoever's name starts with "B" - clap, everyone else - let's jump...

Game-task “Type the letter”

Come on, guys, let's print the first letter of our name on the sheets of paper.

Teacher's story:

The first beech of the ancient alphabet was called “Az”, the second - “Buki”. Try folding them and see what happens.(slide 26)

(children add up the syllables written on paper)

The result is the word "ALC."

This is what people say: “First “az” and “buki”, then science.” It is with the basics that the path of each of us into the world of knowledge begins.(slide 27)

Guys, do you know proverbs about the benefits of learning?

Reading proverbs and sayings by children about learning

(Children tell proverbs about learning)(slide 28)

They do not write with a pen, but with their mind.

Those who are good at reading and writing will not be lost.

More literate people, fewer fools.

He who wants to know a lot needs little sleep.

Going into science means suffering.

The light stands by God's will, people live by science.

Without flour there is no science.

To think nothing means to become sour.

Teacher's story

The first primer was written and printed in 1574. It had no pictures and was not at all like the primer we use to teach the alphabet now.(slide 29)

WITH Slavic letters are much more complex and difficult than Russian ones; memorizing them required more time and effort than memorizing Russian ones.

Game "Disassemble the letters"(slide 30)

(10 children are selected. The task is to sort out the letters of the Cyrillic alphabet and the modern alphabet according to their alphabets)

Teacher's story:

As time passed, difficult letters were eliminated from the alphabet and others were replaced. And our alphabet now looks like this(slide 31)

And now we learn letters using these alphabet books(slide32)

(Children read poetry)(Slide 33)

Everyone needs letters

Letters are important to everyone

We form a word from them,

And from the word there will be speech!

People wouldn't be able to

If there were no letters,

There would be no communication.

Two brothers Cyril and Methodius,

We want to say thank you

For the letters that we really need,

(slide 34) - We are eternally grateful to Saints Cyril and Methodius for creating the Slavic alphabet. Now we cannot even imagine how we would manage without books. We learn a lot of new and interesting things from books; books teach us a lot. Before a book comes into our home, many people put their work into creating this book, we have already talked about this in other classes, and now we invite you to consider books.

In Russia, the Day of Slavic Literature is celebrated annually in May. In , as part of patriotic education and expanding the historical knowledge of children, a week of Slavic writing is held, in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for Education and the recommendations of the program “From birth to school.” This week the teacher talks about the emergence of writing, Cyril and Methodius, and introduces children to Slavic literature and games. The result of the week is the entertainment “Day of Slavic Writing”, where children consolidate their acquired knowledge. You will find a description of conversations with children and fairy tales of Slavic peoples in the appendix to the plan “Thematic week “Week of Slavic Literature”.

Social and communicative development

Children prepare a report on genealogy, find out what the colors on the Russian flag mean, and discuss the story “How the chick learned to write,” which contributes to social and communicative development.

Cognitive development

In the field of cognitive development, a presentation “How people learned to write”, experiments “Natural Magnifying Lens” and “Two is More Fun”, making a model “Spring in the Forest”, observing potatoes in the garden are planned.

Speech development

Older preschoolers learn to answer questions correctly and solve the problem situation “What would happen if people never learned to write.” An adult offers games and exercises to familiarize children with sentences, sound words, etc., solving problems of speech development.

Artistic and aesthetic development

In the area of ​​artistic and aesthetic development, it is planned to sing familiar folk songs, sculpt and design according to design, and draw “Artists are magicians” to develop the ability to mix colors.

Physical development

In the field of physical development, the teacher considers introducing the games of the Slavic peoples, repeat the rhymes. To form the habit of a healthy lifestyle, a field of miracles “Products for Health” and conversations about the daily routine are planned.

Check out a fragment of the theme week

Celebration of the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture in senior group kindergarten

Goal: to cultivate love for the Motherland, a sense of pride for the country in which we live, respect for folk traditions.

Tasks:

Introduce the Old Church Slavonic alphabet;

Form a moral and aesthetic attitude towards the environment

to the world;

The festive bell rings.

Educator:

Across our wide Rus', mother,

The bells ring out.

Now the brothers Saints Cyril and Methodius

They are glorified for their efforts.

They remember Cyril and Methodius,

Glorious brothers equal to the apostles,

In Belarus, Macedonia,

In Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia.

They praise the wise brothers in Bulgaria,

In Ukraine, Croatia, Serbia.

All the peoples who write in Cyrillic,

What have been called Slavic since ancient times,

They glorify the feat of the first teachers,

Christian enlighteners.

Today we will talk about our history, about the emergence of Slavic writing. Every year on May 24, Russia celebrates the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture. A nation, people, and state cannot live without culture, literacy, and writing.

Volumes with a blue cover,
Familiar volumes
The pulse of Russia beats in them,
Life itself is eternal in them.
Page after page...
You will find the answer to everything.
No, they won't get dusty
And after many years.

Writing is a real treasure that man has mastered.

So in ancient times, people exchanged information by sending each other various objects. It turned out cumbersome and not particularly clear. When people realized that exchanging message objects was a troublesome task, they began to draw these objects.

(Demonstration of rock paintings)

Such images were found on the walls of caves where ancient people once lived. These are the first steps of man towards the creation of writing. Gradually, people began to replace drawings with symbols.

(Demonstration of rock letter symbols)

Inscriptions were made on stones, rocks, and on boards. Of course, it was inconvenient to carry such “letters” over distances, and these signs could be understood in different ways.

Time passed. Gradually, people moved from drawings to signs, which they began to call letters. This is how writing was born.

(Illustration depicting Cyril and Methodius)

You see an image of two brothers in monastic robes. These are Cyril (in the world Constantine) and Methodius (in the world Michael). Originally from the city of Soluni (Thessaloniki), which is located in Greece. Enlighteners of the Slavs, creators of the Slavic alphabet, preachers. They were very educated people. They came from a pious Slavic family, their father was a military leader. Kirill began attending school at the age of 8, mastering Greek and Latin. Cyril and Methodius took part in military campaigns, carried out diplomatic missions, translated books, and were sent on an educational mission to Moravia. But the enlightenment of the Slavs turned out to be impossible without books in their language. Therefore, Cyril and Methodius began to create the Slavic alphabet. On May 24, 863, the brothers announced the invention of the Slavic alphabet.

(Image: ABC. Glagolitic and Cyrillic)

Glagolitic and Cyrillic are the first Slavic alphabet. The name of the alphabet “Glagolitic” comes from the word VERB, which means “speech”. And “Cyrillic” is named after its creator. In Ancient Rus', the Glagolitic alphabet was used to transmit church texts and existed for 3 centuries, and the Cyrillic alphabet was used in everyday writing. There are 43 letters in the Cyrillic alphabet, which later became the basis of the Russian alphabet.

(Image of the first books)

In 988, a palace school of “book learning” was opened in Kyiv. Arose new center book culture, the school united Kievan Rus with European civilization.

Books in Rus' were very expensive. They were made on parchment: the skin of the sheep was soaked in lime, dried, then honey was rubbed in.

(Image: Birch Bark Letters)

In Rus', another material for writing was used for a long time - birch bark. Signs were applied to birch bark using a bone rod.

Since the 10th century, literature based on the Glagolitic and Cyrillic alphabet has been spreading in the Old Russian language. Most often these were church books, teachings, and scientific works.

(Image: ABC)

The appearance of the letters of the Slavic alphabet helps us see the world through the eyes of our ancestors. Each letter is individual, unique and has its own name: lead, people, beeches, az, earth.

The names of the letters were supposed to remind people of words that should not be forgotten: “good”, “live”, “earth”, “people”, “peace”.

"Az" and "Buki". The result is the word "ALC."

This is what people say: “First “az” and “buki”, then science.” It is with the basics that the path of each of us into the world of knowledge begins.

Guys, listen to proverbs about the benefits of learning.

• He who wants to know a lot needs little sleep.
• Going into science means suffering.
• The light stands by God's will, people live by science.
• Without flour there is no science.
• To think nothing means to become sour.

A total of 44 sister letters look at us from an ancient scroll. They became the basis of the modern Russian alphabet.

(Image: Monuments to Cyril and Methodius)

In honor of the enlighteners Cyril and Methodius, a holiday was established - the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture. This holiday came to us from Bulgaria, where this tradition is already more than 100 years old. To this day, on the eve of the holiday, Bulgarians lay flowers at the monuments to Cyril and Methodius.

In our country, the holiday began to be celebrated in 1986. In 1992, sculptor V. Klykov created a monument to the Slavic enlighteners, Cyril and Methodius, which was installed in Moscow.

Russian language.
I love my native language!
It is clear to everyone
He is melodious
He, like the Russian people, has many faces,
As our power, mighty.
He is the language of the moon and planets,
Our satellites and rockets,
At the round table meeting
Speak it:
Unambiguous and direct
He is like the truth itself.

On May 24, all our people celebrate the Holiday of Slavic Literature and Culture. On this day, a monument to Cyril and Methodius was unveiled on Slavyanskaya Square in Moscow. At the foot of this monument there is an Unquenchable Lamp - a sign eternal memory. Since then, every year on May 24 we honor Cyril and Methodius.

It is a pity that we began to celebrate the Holiday of Slavic Literature very late, because in other Slavic countries this day has been celebrated a long time ago, publicly, very colorfully and truly festive.

(Slide 38. Saints Cyril and Methodius)

The Solun brothers Cyril and Methodius are the pride of the entire Slavic world. They said: doesn’t the sun shine for everyone, doesn’t it rain for everyone, doesn’t the earth feed everyone? All people are equal, all people are brothers, everyone is equal before the Lord, and everyone needs literacy. The Orthodox Church canonized the brothers Cyril and Methodius as saints.

Two brothers, Cyril and Methodius,
We want to say thank you
For the letters that we really need
To teach us to read.

Two brothers, Cyril and Methodius,
Thank you, we want to tell you
For the letters that we really need
To teach us to read.

The Day of Slavic Literature and Culture, dedicated to the day of remembrance of the creators of the Cyrillic alphabet - the holy Equal-to-the-Apostles brothers Cyril and Methodius, was revived in Russia in 1991. In Moscow, a monument to Cyril and Methodius was unveiled on Slavyanskaya Square. At the foot of this monument there is an Unquenchable Lamp - a sign of eternal memory. Since then, every year on May 24 we honor Cyril and Methodius. This is the only church and state holiday in our country.

Teachers of the older group introduced the children to the history of this memorable date.

The week of Slavic writing was educational and interesting. The teachers instilled in children a love of their native word, native language, national history, in an accessible form, talked about the activities of the brother educators, their invaluable contribution to the culture of the fraternal Slavic peoples. We explained to the children the concept of the “Slavic world” and showed examples of common origins, similarities in language and traditions of related ethnic groups.

Culture is what justifies the existence of a people and a nation, it is the shrine of the nation, which it collects and preserves.

Knowledge of your native culture will inevitably lead to love for it and teach you to appreciate it. In our time, when there is massive propaganda of foreign culture, it is especially important to remember and know your Russian culture and its history. Therefore, we turn to the origins of our culture, paying tribute to the first teachers, the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Brothers Cyril and Methodius, who brought writing to the Slavic land and introduced the many millions of Slavic peoples to world civilization and world culture.

The works of these great educators became the common property of all Slavs and laid the foundation for their moral and mental development. So great is the merit of the brothers Cyril and Methodius in the history of enlightenment and raising the general culture of the Slavic peoples.

To better understand and feel historical culture native country, you can plunge into those distant Old Slavic times, visit the Slavs.

The children of the older group, together with their teacher Valentina Aleksandrovna Ponomareva, dressed up in Slavic costumes and became not guests, but heroes of the exciting entertainment “What Slavs We Are.” During the educational conversation, dear children, we heard a Slavyanka’s story about Holy Rus', about distant times...

Once upon a time there lived good fellows, beautiful, beautiful maidens. They knew how to plow, mow, and chop houses. They spun and weaved, they worked in a forge, with clay, and they knew how to work with wood. They were good hunters and fishermen. They could sing and dance in circles. But our ancestors did not know how to read, did not know how to read books or write letters...

Poems, riddles, presentation “What kind of Slavs we are”, word games games, round dances, and folk songs near the Russian birch tree, helped the children visit distant historical times and once again recall the famous works of the brothers Cyril and Mythodius, the founders of Slavic writing.

Such non-traditional work easily and naturally introduces children to the history of Russia, preserves and passes on cultural and historical experience.