Grinev characterization of the hero. Young, fearless, honest and merciful - the main characteristics of the image of Pyotr Grinev in the story A

The story is a memoir, “family notes”, narrated from the perspective of a witness and participant in those events, Petrusha Grinev.

Grinev is a young man, a nobleman, an officer in Catherine’s army. He is honest, noble, straightforward.

This noble ignoramus sets out on the road of life as an inexperienced youth, but life’s trials make him an individual, reinforcing what he learned from his parents’ home: loyalty to duty, honor, kindness and nobility.

Pyotr Andreevich Grinev is the son of a Simbirsk landowner, who has been living on his estate for many years, and a noblewoman. He was brought up in an atmosphere of provincial-manorial life, imbued with the spirit of the common people. Grinev’s best traits are determined by his origin and upbringing; his unmistakable moral sense clearly manifests itself in moments of testing, and helps him overcome the most difficult situations with honor. The hero has the nobility to ask for forgiveness from the serf - the devoted uncle Savelich, Grinev was immediately able to appreciate the purity of the soul and moral integrity of Masha Mironova, he quickly unraveled the base nature of Shvabrin.

In a fit of gratitude, Grinev without hesitation gives a hare sheepskin coat to the “counselor” he meets, and most importantly, he is able to discern in the formidable rebel Pugachev an extraordinary personality in which the features of a Russian are embodied national character: breadth of soul, intelligence, resourcefulness, daring, ingenuity, dexterity and even humanism.

Without betraying either the oath or the interests of the nobles, Grinev at the same time cannot help but sympathize with Pugachev, cannot help but respect him as a talented person. Their unique friendship became possible only due to the fact that the worldview of both heroes is based on popular ideas about goodness and justice.

The love line largely helps to reveal the images of the main characters and is associated with the technique of antithesis. Grinev and Shvabrin are both in love with Masha Mironova.

Shvabrin ended up in the Belogorsk fortress for murder. He is unprincipled and capable of anything to achieve his goal.

Shvabrin wooed Masha, but was refused. They are driven by base feelings. He turns to violence as a means to achieve his goals, trying to force Masha to marry him. This reveals Shvabrin's true nature - insignificant, cowardly, vile.

Not wanting anyone to discredit Masha’s good name with impunity, Grinev challenges the offender to a duel. He acted like a real man.

The duel almost ended with the death of Grinev due to Shvabrin’s meanness. Having recovered, Grinev learned that Shvabrin had written a denunciation against him. This aroused in the young man hatred of his enemy.

At the same time, an uprising began in the province. The rebels under Pugachev easily took the fortress. The commandant, his wife and officers were killed. Shvabrin, having betrayed his oath, went over to the side of the rebels.

Grinev would never become a traitor. He chose to die, but the faithful Savelich saved his master.

Pugachev turned out to be the man to whom Grinev gave the hare sheepskin coat. The goodness paid off handsomely.

Grinev did not swear allegiance to Pugachev: “I swore allegiance to the Empress, but I cannot swear allegiance to you.”

Grinev’s action gives us an example of honest and decent behavior. Despite the danger, he does not hide his convictions and is not afraid of anything. An example of true nobility is Pugachev’s rescue of Masha Mironova from Shvabrin, whom she hated. These actions of Pugachev testify to his extraordinary nature. He knew how to spare not only friends, but also enemies. Pugachev becomes the patron of the tender love of Masha Mironova and Grinev.

Grinev appears in the story as a model of decency and nobility. He was not afraid to sacrifice his life to save Masha from the hands of Shvabrin. And how does he behave in court, when, at the risk of being sentenced to lifelong hard labor, Pyotr Andreevich tries not to tarnish Masha’s honor.

Pushkin chose the proverb “Take care of your honor from a young age” as the epigraph to “The Captain’s Daughter,” and the hero’s behavior fully corresponded to it. How can one not recall the current state of the Russian army! But a Russian officer, no matter what, must be honest, noble and devoted to the Motherland.

The image of Grinev in The Captain's Daughter (2 version)

The narration in “The Captain's Daughter” by Pyotr Andreevich Grinev, who talks about his youth, plunged into a cycle historical events. Grinev appears in the novel, therefore, both as a narrator and as one of the main characters of the events described.

Pyotr Andreevich Grinev is a typical representative of the provincial Russian nobility of the second half of the 18th century. He was born and raised on the estate of his father, a landowner in the Simbirsk province. His childhood passed as it did for most poor provincial nobles of that time. From the age of five he was given into the hands of the serf Savelich. Having mastered the diploma under the guidance of his uncle in his twelfth year, Grinev comes under the supervision of Monsieur Beaupre, a French tutor, discharged from Moscow “along with a year’s supply of wine and Provençal oil” and who turned out to be a bitter drunkard.

Describing his student years with good-natured humor, Grinev says: “I lived as a teenager, chasing pigeons and playing leapfrog with the yard boys.” It would be a mistake, however, to think that we are looking at an undergrowth like Mitrofanushka from Fonvizin’s comedy. Grinev grew up as an intelligent and inquisitive teenager and subsequently, having entered the service, writes poetry, reads French books and even tries his hand at translations.

The healthy environment of family life, simple and modest, had a decisive influence on Grinev’s spiritual make-up. Grinev's father, a retired prime minister who had gone through a harsh school of life, was a man of strong and honest views. Seeing off his son to the army, he gives the following instructions: “Serve faithfully to whom you swear allegiance; do not ask for service, do not refuse service; Don’t chase your boss’s affection; take care of your dress again, and take care of your honor from a young age.” Grinev inherited a sense of honor and a sense of duty from his father.
The first steps in life of young Grinev reveal his youthful frivolity and inexperience. But the young man proved with his life that he had internalized the basic rule of his father’s morality: “take care of your honor from a young age.” Over the course of two years, Grinev experiences many events: meeting Pugachev, love for Marya Ivanovna, a duel with Shvabrin, illness; he almost dies during the capture of the fortress by Pugachev’s troops, etc. Before our eyes, the character of the young man develops and strengthens, and Grinev turns into a mature young man. A sense of honor and courage save him in life’s adversities. With intrepid courage, he looks into the eyes of death when Pugachev orders him to be hanged. All the positive aspects of his character are revealed: simplicity and uncorrupted nature, kindness, honesty, loyalty in love, etc. These properties of nature captivate Marya Ivanovna and evoke sympathy from Pugachev. Grinev emerges from life's trials with honor.

Grinev is not a hero in the usual sense of the word. This is an ordinary person, an average nobleman. This is a typical representative of those army officers who, in the words of historian V.O. Klyuchevsky, “made our military history XVIII century." Pushkin does not idealize him, does not put him in beautiful poses. Grinev remains a modest ordinary person, retaining all the features of a realistic image.

The image of Grinev in The Captain's Daughter (option 3)

Petr Andreevich Grinev - main character story " Captain's daughter" The son of a retired military man, a simple but honest man who puts honor above all else. The hero is raised by the serf Savelich, taught by Monsieur Beaupre. Until the age of 16, Peter lived as a minor, chasing pigeons. His father cannot realize himself. I think this is how Pushkin leads the reader to the idea that Pyotr Andreevich could have lived the most ordinary life if not for his father’s will. Throughout the story, Peter changes, from a crazy boy he turns first into a young man asserting independence, and then into a courageous and persistent adult. At the age of 16, he sends him with Savelich to the Belogorsk fortress, which is more like a village, so that he can “smell gunpowder.” In the fortress, Petrusha falls in love with Masha Mironova, which played an important role in the formation of his character. Grinev not only fell in love, but was ready to take full responsibility for his beloved. When he comes under siege by government troops, he sends Masha to her parents. When his beloved was left an orphan, Peter risked his life and honor, which is more important to him. He proved this during the capture of the Belogorsk fortress, when he refused the oath to Pugachev and any compromises with him, preferring death to the slightest deviation from the dictates of duty and honor. Finding himself in this critical situation, Grinev rapidly changes, grows spiritually and morally. After meeting with Emelyan in the Belogorsk fortress, Grinev becomes more decisive and courageous. Peter is still young, so out of frivolity he does not think about how his behavior is assessed from the outside when they accept Pugachev’s help in freeing Marya Petrovna. For the sake of his love, he asks the general to give him fifty soldiers and permission to liberate the captured fortress. Having received a refusal, the young man does not fall into despair, but resolutely goes to Pugachev’s lair.

The image of Pyotr Grinev - the main character of Pushkin's story "The Captain's Daughter"

Throughout life, a person faces a choice. The most important choice we make is the choice life path. Often books and their heroes help us with this.

The image of Pyotr Grinev - the main character of Pushkin's story "The Captain's Daughter" - and answers the question of what human qualities You need to educate yourself on what life commandments to live by.

Grinev was born into a poor noble family, where Russian Christian traditions and officer honor are respected. From the first pages of the story, this hero seems to us to be a kind man, obedient to his parents’ will, and honest. When Peter grew up, his father decides to enlist him in the guard so that his son can serve in the army “like a real soldier.”

Before leaving for military service, the father gives the hero the order: “Serve faithfully to whom you swear allegiance; obey your superiors; Don’t chase their affection; don’t ask for service; do not dissuade yourself from serving; and remember the proverb: take care of your dress again, but take care of your honor from a young age...” Pyotr Grinev followed his father’s orders strictly and did not tarnish his honor in any way.

To serve, he was sent to the Belogorsk fortress. Meetings with various people with whom he meets during his travels, while serving in the fortress, reveal Grinev’s character in the best possible way.

Upon arrival in Simbirsk, an unfortunate incident occurs to the hero - he loses at billiards. After paying off a frivolous debt and a quarrel with his servant Savelich, Grinev is tormented by his conscience, he understands the recklessness of his behavior and finds the strength to admit he was wrong and make peace with Savelich. Not every master is able to ask for forgiveness from a servant.

In the Belogorsk fortress, thanks to his kind and open character, Pyotr Andreevich, like his own, was accepted into the family of Captain Mironov, the commandant of the fortress. Grinev becomes close to his colleague Alexei Shvabrin, a fellow young officer. But it turns out that they are two completely different people.

If honor, the duty of an officer and a nobleman are the meaning of life for Grinev, then Shvabrin is a soulless and cynical person, a big fan of lying and denigrating people. Therefore, their collision is inevitable, a great human conflict of views, characters, natures.

Shvabrin’s slander against Masha cannot but cause indignation in Grinev. To protect the girl’s honor, he, without a moment’s hesitation, speaks out in her defense and accepts Shvabrin’s challenge to a duel.

Later, Grinev confesses to Masha Mironova “his heartfelt inclination,” reports this in a letter to his parents and eagerly awaits a response from them. Unfortunately, Pyotr Andreevich’s father did not understand his feelings, but intended to get to his son “and teach him a lesson for his pranks, like a boy,” meaning the duel that took place.

Grinev, as a person obedient to his parents’ will, honestly tells Masha about the “obstacle to their love” on the part of his parents and says goodbye to her.

The generous nature and generosity of Pyotr Grinev played a big role in his fate and even found a response in the soul of such a stern man as Emelyan Pugachev. This rebel could not forget Grinev’s generosity at their chance meeting and answered him “good for good.”

When Pugachev's troops captured the Belogorsk fortress, Pyotr Grinev faced the death penalty. But the impostor, who recognized him, cancels the execution, and in return demands to swear allegiance to him... But Grinev did not even move. “I would prefer the most brutal execution to such vile humiliation,” he says.

To Pugachev’s offer to serve him, Grinev boldly replies: “I swore allegiance to the Empress. I can’t serve you.” And to Pugachev’s question, “Do you promise not to serve against me?” Grinev replies: “Not my will. If they tell you to go against you, I will go...” The honor and duty of an officer who took an oath to the empress is the main commandment of life for Grinev.

The treacherous act of Shvabrin, who went over to Pugachev’s side and begged him for mercy, is alien to him. Grinev speaks about it this way: “I looked with disgust at the nobleman lying at the feet of the runaway Cossack.”

The fate of his beloved Masha Mironova worries Grinev so much that he, at risk own life, rushes to save her from the rebel fortress. In the name of Masha's freedom, he repeatedly risks his life and achieves his goal, showing courage, ingenuity and endurance.

When, following a false denunciation by Shvabrina, Grinev ends up in prison, during interrogations he carefully hides his acquaintance and his connection with Masha Mironova, most of all fearing “to get her name involved in this vile story.” This act is worthy of respect.

The extraordinary spiritual qualities of Pyotr Grinev, his decency, honor, nobility show that before us is one of the best representatives of Russian society. His image serves as an excellent life example for many generations of young people.

The main character of the novel A.S. Pushkin's "Captain's Daughter" - military man Pyotr Andreevich Grinev or simply Petrusha.
At first glance, this is the image of a simple man liable for military service who arrived on assignment to the Belogorsk fortress to serve in the turbulent times for Russia in the 18th century.
In the novel, father and son Grinev are partly compared. It seems that Andrei Grinev is a man of the old military school, he has his own worldview. His son Peter is still too young, he is just beginning his career path and does not have life experience. However, the author chooses as his main character a young person who has not yet been in difficult situations. It is no coincidence that, as a preface to the work, Pushkin cited the words of the famous saying: “Take care of your honor from a young age.” That is, the reader immediately understands that the hero of the story is a young, extraordinary and honest person.
Like any young man of sixteen, Petrusha Grinev at first seems extremely cheerful and carefree. His noble upbringing affects him - he is a little reminiscent of the Fonvizin runt Mitrofanushka. He shows these inclinations, for example, in the episode of his meeting with officer Zurin in Simbirsk. Or another example of the manifestation of Barchuk’s gullibility and simplicity - in the chapter “Counselor”, when he easily and cheerfully decides to give a hare sheepskin coat to the first person he meets, despite the grumbling of his valet. However, this episode can also characterize the young man as a kind and merciful person. These qualities of Peter's character in the further narration will play almost a decisive role in the formation of his image and in the development of the entire action.
The fact that Grinev is very kind and reasonable is confirmed by his trusting relationship with his servant Savelich. He realizes the devotion of the serf, understands that he is wrong when he shouts at him. And, contrary to the lordly habit of relationships between master and servant, he asks Savelich for forgiveness.
In addition, Petrusha sacredly honors family traditions, honors his parents - he treated his father’s parting words with reverence. And in return, he sincerely wishes to serve honestly and well for the good of the Fatherland.
The image of Grinev is gradually revealed as the action of the novel develops. Having barely met Pugachev, he was the first to show his mercy in the above-mentioned episode with the hare sheepskin coat. Here, for the first time, he essentially shows independence in his judgments - he insists on his own when Savelich is distrustful of the first person he meets. The fact is that, due to his spiritual simplicity, he treats well almost all people who do good to him.
The breadth is especially pronounced open soul Grinev at his meeting with Masha Mironova, the captain's daughter. For her, he is ready to fight with the worst enemies, to save her from the clutches of wild animals and robbers. He does not give up his love even when the captain of the fortress does not give an unequivocal answer to the ardor of the young man’s feelings towards his daughter. In a word, having fallen in love, he behaves like a knight and a real man.
When Pushkin describes the events of the siege of the Belogorsk fortress, he emphasizes that his hero shows all the qualities that his father raised in him - fearlessness, loyalty to honor and military duty. Thus, the young man fulfills his father’s behests and his promise to preserve his honor from a young age.
Thus, resembling a short-lived hulk at the beginning of the novel, and at the climax of the action turning into a fair and honest young man, Peter becomes an exemplary highly moral hero of a realistic novel.
Thus, Pushkin puts forward the idea that seemingly exaggerated ideal images Peter, Masha, the commandant of the fortress, in fact, are like that; there were quite a lot of people like them in Russian history.
However, Petr Grinev cannot be ideal for everyone. According to the code of loyalty to one's noble family he cannot support the Pugachev uprising, although he was sympathetic to its ideologist, Emelyan Pugachev. He accepts that changes are necessary in the life of the country, but due to circumstances he acts as his military oath dictates.
The clear division of the heroes into positive and negative in the story is also a characteristic Pushkin feature: this is how they are left comparative characteristics. When one character sets off another, it is easier to understand the meaning of the author’s idea and get a real idea of ​​the era being described.
The novel's historicism is another feature that distinguishes it from similar works of that time. It is no coincidence that Pushkin actively studied historical documents in the archives. Their materials are the basis of the work. The author presented to the reader one of the episodes in Russian history in artistic form.

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, depicting his contemporary reality, the spiritual poverty and idleness of a significant part of the nobles, introduces us to worthy representatives of this class. We find them in such works of Pushkin as “Eugene Onegin”, “Dubrovsky”, as well as in “The Captain's Daughter”, which will be discussed in my essay.

The hero of this story, Pyotr Grinev, is one of the best representatives of the noble class. His childhood and years of education were the same as those of other children of nobles from the provinces. He was raised from the age of 5 by the stirrup Savelich, who taught Petrusha to read and write when he was 12 years old. At the same time, the Frenchman Beaupré was hired for him.

When Pyotr Grinev turned 17 years old, his father sent him to serve his fatherland. By this time, our hero already knew what honor and nobility were. On the way to work, Pyotr Grinev gifts the “counselor” (as it turned out later, it was Emelyan Pugachev) with a hare’s sheepskin coat. He honestly repays the debt after losing a large sum of money at cards, although he could not have done this, saying that he has no money.

Arriving at his place of duty, the Belogorsk fortress, our hero falls in love with Masha Mironova, the daughter of the commandant. He admires her and dedicates poems to this girl. During the duel with Shvabrin, the nobility of the young nobleman again appears, as well as his courage. Pyotr Grinev believes that it is better to prefer death than to watch Shvabrin discredit the honor of Masha Mironova. When Pugachev appears in the fortress, our hero does not betray himself here either. He refuses to swear allegiance to the rebel, saying that he already serves the empress. Peter cannot renounce her, since he gave the word of a nobleman, which means a lot to him. When Grinev finds out that the captain’s daughter is being held captive by Shvabrin, he immediately rushes to save her, without thinking about what this might entail.

But it should be noted that Pushkin, depicting Pyotr Grinev as positive hero, is far from being idealized. So, he, like his father, perceives Savelich only as a servant, despite the fact that he treats him well. He constantly reminds him of his subordinate position: “...give me money here or I’ll drive you away,” “...you’re probably drunk, went to bed...”. When I read "The Captain's Daughter", I thought that Grinev hardly cares about ordinary people. Pugachev is rather an exception, and Peter’s attitude towards him is explained by the fact that he owes him a lot. Like all representatives of the nobility, Grinev enjoys all the advantages that his position gives him. He does not think about the fact that the serfdom is unjust, that it oppresses ordinary people, making them slaves of those in power. Of course, Peter’s age plays a certain role - he is still very young. However, at about his age, Pushkin created “The Village,” where he noted that the people were oppressed and denounced the injustice towards them. Of course, Alexander Sergeevich is a genius, one of the best representatives of the nobility. Pyotr Grinev is far from him, but he is not one of the last.

The positive qualities of our hero are more clearly manifested in comparison with Shvabrin, who is also a nobleman, and moreover educated than Grinev. The concepts of “honor” and “nobility” are unknown to him; nothing is sacred to him. He is vengeful, selfish, and easily commits betrayal and treason. He considers it normal to humiliate a woman, even his beloved. This hero serves whoever it is profitable to serve at the moment.

Shvabrin and Grinev are both nobles. They grew up in the same environment, but for some reason they are so different. Perhaps it's a matter of upbringing. We know that Peter's parents are noble and kind-hearted people, but we cannot say anything about Shvabrin's parents or his immediate circle. Perhaps this is where we need to look for the reason... And, of course, we can say with confidence that Pyotr Grinev is one of the best representatives of his class.

Pyotr Grinev is the hero of the story “The Captain's Daughter”, on behalf of whom the story is told. The image of Grinev is a continuation of the theme of the ordinary person, the “insignificant hero”, begun in 1830 by “The Little House in Kolomna” and “Belkin’s Stories”. The son of a Simbirsk landowner, who lived on his estate for many years, Pyotr Andreevich Grinev grew up and was brought up in an atmosphere of provincial-manorial life, imbued with the spirit of the common people. Painted with irony, the pictures of his childhood, education, and upbringing sometimes border on caricature and are somewhat reminiscent of Fonvizin’s famous comedy. And the hero himself admits that he grew up “underage.”

It is also significant that the hero’s father, Andrei Petrovich, this disgraced aristocrat, who at one time served under Count Minich and, apparently, was forced to resign after the coup of 1762, is a detail that had a family-personal meaning for Pushkin. The fate of Grinev, the senior “nobleman in the philistinism,” is typical, according to Pushkin, for a time when the ancient nobility loses its significance, becomes poorer, turns into a “kind of the third state” and thereby into a potentially rebellious force.

Grinev’s best traits are determined by his origin and upbringing; his unmistakable moral sense clearly manifests itself in moments of trials, decisive turns of fate and helps him get out of the most difficult situations with honor. The hero has the nobility to ask for forgiveness from the serf - the devoted uncle Savelich, he was immediately able to appreciate the purity of the soul and the moral integrity of Masha Mironova, firmly deciding to marry her, he quickly discerned Shvabrin’s nature. In a fit of gratitude, he without hesitation gives a rabbit sheepskin coat to the “counselor” he meets, and most importantly, he knows how to discern an extraordinary personality in the formidable rebel Pugachev, and pay tribute to his justice and generosity. Finally, he manages to preserve humanity, honor and self-loyalty in the conditions of a cruel and inhumane internecine war. For Grinev, the elements of the “Russian rebellion, senseless and merciless,” and the formalism, soulless coldness of the official, bureaucratic world, especially clearly manifested in the scenes of the military council and court, are equally unacceptable.

Moreover, finding himself in a critical situation, Grinev rapidly changes, grows spiritually and morally. Yesterday's noble undergrowth, he prefers death to the slightest deviation from the dictates of duty and honor, refuses the oath to Pugachev and any compromises with him. On the other hand, during the trial, again risking his life, he does not consider it possible to name Masha Mironova, rightly fearing that she will be subjected to a humiliating interrogation. Defending his right to happiness, Grinev commits a recklessly brave, desperate act. After all, his unauthorized trip to the “rebellious settlement” was doubly dangerous: he not only risked being captured by the Pugachevites, but he was putting his career, well-being, good name, and honor at stake. Grinev’s action, forced by the irresponsibility and passivity of the command, indifference to the fate of the daughter of the heroically deceased captain Mironov, represented a direct challenge to official circles.

It was in this hero that Pushkin reflected his views on Pugachevism...