Comparative table of Eugene Onegin and the author. Worldview A

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Roman by A. S. Pushkin “Eugene Onegin”
Chapter 1
Onegin Day

Literature lesson in 9th grade

Lesson objectives:

Having followed the hero's life for one day, understand the reasons for his disappointment and see in what ways the author sympathizes with his hero and in what ways he opposes him.

During the lesson we will fill out the table:

Let’s follow Onegin’s “route” (animated diagram) *Next, the teacher and students follow the hyperlinks

“He rushed to Talon...”
(stanzas 15-16) stanzas are reread, verbal commentary is given

Bolivar - a hat with a wide brim and a low crown, widened at the top

Breguet - watches

Onegin lives at the behest of Breguet, that is, according to the clock, like a wound-up puppet.

Kaverin is a friend of Pushkin, he is also a friend of Onegin

In stanza 16, Pushkin introduces us to the typical menu of those years.

What did the nobles eat in the restaurant in those years?

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Watching a video episode

Conversation on questions:

Let’s now read the episode “Onegin in the Theater” (stanzas 17, 21-22)

How does Pushkin relate to the theater, and how does Onegin?

How does Onegin behave in the theater? Find details that characterize it.

Onegin's office

Do you remember what Onegin’s office looks like?

How does the interior of his home characterize him?

At the ball
(verses 27-28, 33-34)

Why did Onegin come to the ball? Does the author describe him at the ball?

End of the day. Watching a video clip

Let's answer the first question of the lesson:

Why does Pushkin describe only one day of the hero?

The answer is given in the text:

"Wakes up at noon, and again

Until the morning his life is ready,

Monotonous and colorful

And tomorrow is the same as yesterday.”

With such a life, is Evgeniy happy?

Why?

Let's check the work in class

Reasons for Onegin's blues

An idle life quickly tires, but not everyone, but only extraordinary people.

What are its features?

Its main feature is disappointment, which stems from spiritual emptiness.

Why did he stop liking chasing ladies of high society?

High society is a completely false society

How did he want to get rid of boredom?

He sat down to books, wanting to appropriate someone else’s mind for himself, tried to become a writer, went to the village

Why didn't reading books help?

He did not see the truth of life in books

Why didn't he become a writer?

He was sick of hard work

Did he get rid of boredom in the village?

Why?

He is unable to see the beauty of nature

Chapter 1 is the story of the illness of Onegin’s soul.

Why does Pushkin depict in this chapter only one day in the life of the hero?

There is no need for him to show several days, since they are similar to each other

What does this day consist of?

Boulevard, restaurant, theater, ball - an idle life

Highlight in the text the characteristics of Lensky, Olga, Tatyana

Prepare the story “Tatiana’s Education” with citations by heart

Prepare an answer to the question “Onegin’s Day” with quotation by heart

Answer from Atmir F.C.D.M.[guru]
it seems that main character The novel is not Onegin, but Pushkin himself. He is present everywhere: at the ball, and in the theater - ironically watching his hero, and in the village, and in the squalid living rooms of small nobles, and in the garden by the bench on which Tatyana remained sitting after the rebuke given to her by her loved one. . The heroes of the novel are surrounded by Pushkin’s friends: either Chaadaev will rush by, then Vyazemsky’s glasses will sparkle, then the sound of the sea will be heard at the feet of the young Mashenka Raevskaya - the future princess Volkonskaya, then in the unpublished tenth chapter the shadow of Yakushkin will flash with a dark threat... And everywhere from behind you can see the smile of Alexander Pushkin himself. For the poet, the novel was, in his words, the fruit of “a mind of cold observations and a heart of sorrowful observations.”
We learn almost as much about the author as we do about Eugene Onegin. They are similar in many ways; it is not for nothing that Pushkin immediately said about Evgeniy that he is “my good friend.” Pushkin writes about himself and Onegin:
We both knew the game of passion:
Life tormented both of us;
The heat died down in both hearts...
The author, like his hero, tired of the bustle, cannot help but despise people of the world in his soul, tormented by memories of his youth, bright and carefree. Pushkin likes Onegin’s “sharp, chilled” mind, his dissatisfaction with himself and the anger of his gloomy epigrams.
The poet inevitably notes his difference from Onegin. About Onegin he writes that “no matter how hard we fought, he could not distinguish iambic from trochee.” Pushkin, unlike Onegin, takes poetry seriously, calling it a “high passion.” Onegin does not understand nature, but the author dreams of a quiet, calm life in a paradise where he could enjoy nature. Pushkin writes: “The village where Onegin was bored was a charming corner.” Pushkin and Onegin, for example, perceive theater differently. For Pushkin, the St. Petersburg theater is a magical land that he dreams of in exile. Onegin “enters, walks between the chairs along the legs, the double lorgnette, squinting, points at the boxes of unfamiliar ladies,” and then, barely glancing at the stage, with an absent-minded look, “turned away and yawned.” Pushkin knows how to rejoice in what Onegin is so bored and disgusted with.
For Onegin, love is “the science of tender passion”; Pushkin has a different attitude towards women; real passion and love are available to him. The world of Onegin and Pushkin is a world of social dinners, luxurious entertainment, drawing rooms, balls, this is the world of high-ranking persons, this is the world of high society, which is far from easy to get into. Reading the novel, we gradually understand Pushkin’s attitude towards secular society and the noble class, to which he himself belongs by birth.
It is not easy for Pushkin to live, much more difficult than for Onegin. Onegin is disappointed in life, he has no friends, no creativity, no love, no joy, Pushkin has all this, but no freedom - he is expelled from St. Petersburg, he does not belong to himself. Onegin is free, but why does he need freedom? He languishes both with her and without her, he is unhappy because he does not know how to live the life that Pushkin lives. Onegin doesn’t need anything, and that’s his tragedy. If Pushkin enjoys nature, then Onegin is not given this, because he clearly sees that “boredom is the same in the village”
Finishing the novel, Pushkin again turns his gaze to those whom he loved in his youth, to whom he remained faithful in heart. No matter how different Pushkin and Onegin may be, they are from the same camp; they are united by dissatisfaction with the way Russian reality is structured. The smart, mocking poet was a real citizen, a man who was not indifferent to the fate of his country. Many of Pushkin's friends believed that he transferred his features to Lensky and portrayed himself in him. But in lyrical digressions Pushkin shows an ironic attitude towards Lensky. He writes about him: “He would have changed in many ways, would have parted with the muses, gotten married in the village, happy and horned, would have worn a quilted robe.” Pushkin dreamed of making Onegin a Decembrist, and this reflected all his respect for his hero

Pushkin’s most favorite work is the novel “Eugene Onegin,” which he worked on for many years; Belinsky called it “an encyclopedia of Russian life.” According to the poet, the novel was the fruit of “a mind of cold observations and a heart of sorrowful observations”; it, indeed, gives a picture of all layers of Russian society.

In Pushkin’s work, the novel “Eugene Onegin” occupies a central place. This is the largest work of art by A.S. Pushkin. It is rich in content, one of the most popular works of the poet, which

It had the most powerful influence on the fate of all Russian literature.

The main character of the novel is the young landowner Evgeny Onegin - a man with a very complex and contradictory character. It is not so easy to establish how the author himself feels about him. The tone of Pushkin's story about him is ironic almost until the very end of the novel. Maybe because the author also talks about himself. The poet does not hide his shortcomings and does not try to justify them. Already in the epigraph to the novel, Pushkin expresses doubt about the justice of the feeling of superiority with which Onegin treated those around him. And at the same time, we learn in the first chapter that Pushkin himself became friends with Onegin, that the poet “liked his features,” that he spent nights with Onegin on the Neva embankment, remembering his youth, his former love, listening to the singing of the rowers of a boat floating along the river ... Having cited in the eighth chapter sharply unkind reviews of Onegin from some secular acquaintance of his, the poet decisively stands up for his hero, emphasizes his ardent and careless soul, his intelligence and almost identifies him with himself when he says:

“But it’s sad to think that it’s in vain

youth was given to us,

that they cheated on her all the time,

that she deceived us...”

The images of the main character and the author in the novel create lyrical digressions. If you read more carefully, you can see that there is not one main character, but two: Onegin and Pushkin. We learn almost as much about the author as we do about Eugene Onegin. They are similar in many ways; it is not for nothing that Pushkin immediately said about Evgeniy that he is “my good friend.” Pushkin writes about himself and Onegin:

We both knew the game of passion;

Life tormented both of us;

The heat died down in both hearts...

The author, like the hero, tired of the bustle, cannot help but despise people of the world in his soul, tormented by memories of his bright, carefree youth. Pushkin likes Onegin’s “sharp, chilled mind”, his dissatisfaction with himself. The author and his hero are people of the same generation and approximately the same type of upbringing: both had French tutors, both spent their youth in St. Petersburg society, they have common acquaintances and friends. Even their parents have similarities: Pushkin’s father, like Onegin’s father, “lived in debt...”. Summarizing, Pushkin writes:

“We all learned a little,

something and somehow

but education, thank God,

It’s no wonder to shine here.”

The poet also notes his difference from Onegin. Onegin does not understand nature, but the author dreams of a quiet, calm life in a paradise where he could enjoy nature. Pushkin knows how to rejoice in what Onegin is so bored and disgusted with. For Onegin, love is “the science of tender passion”; Pushkin has a different attitude towards women; real passion and love are available to him. The world of Onegin and Pushkin is a world of social dinners, luxurious entertainment, and balls. The author sharply criticizes the St. Petersburg high society. It is not easy for Pushkin to live, much more difficult than for Onegin. Onegin is disappointed in life, he has no friends, no creativity, no love, no joy, Pushkin has all this, but no freedom - he is expelled from St. Petersburg, he does not belong to himself. Onegin doesn’t need anything, and that’s his tragedy.

No matter how different Pushkin and Onegin are, they are united by dissatisfaction with the way Russian reality is structured. The smart, mocking poet was a real citizen, a man who was not indifferent to the fate of his country. Pushkin dreamed of making Onegin a Decembrist, and this reflected all his respect for his hero.

Despite these obvious similarities, there is also a noticeable difference between them. The difference between them is that Pushkin is a poet, and Onegin “could not distinguish an iambic from a trochee.” Even “the village where Eugene was bored...” Pushkin really likes, he says that “the village was a lovely corner...”. Onegin “in the wilderness, everything is boring in the village,” and the author says:

I was born for a peaceful life

For village silence...

With this comparison, Pushkin is still trying to “separate” himself from Onegin. Throughout the novel, the author compares his views and Onegin's. Yes, in the work the author and his hero are friends, but a very large gulf separates them. We see how Pushkin, with his hot, life-loving nature, wholeheartedly denies the coldness and indifference of Onegin. The author understands that Onegin was infected with such coldness secular society, however, Pushkin also comes from the same environment, but has his spirit weakened, has his heart cooled?

The contrast of characters manifests itself not only in attitude towards life, but also in attitude towards people. For Pushkin, Tatyana is a sweet, “true ideal,” and Onegin considers her nothing more than a “naive girl.” In response to her reverent declaration of love, Tatyana hears from the “callous” Onegin only a sermon and nothing else. Pushkin sympathizes with Tatyana, he writes:

...I love you so much

My dear Tatiana!

It is because of her that Pushkin comes into conflict with public opinion. The author reveals to us in one of the lyrical digressions his ideal of a woman. Pushkin’s woman “is gifted from heaven with a rebellious imagination, a lively mind and will, and a wayward head, and a fiery and tender heart.” The poet devoted many lyrical digressions to the cultural life of Russia.

Onegin's character, it must be kept in mind, does not remain unchanged; it changes under the influence of the events described by Pushkin in the novel. Significant changes take place in him, and Onegin is no longer at all the same as we see him in six chapters, in the eighth and last chapter of the novel. IN recent years Throughout the life of the poet himself, numerous changes also occurred in his character. Throughout the entire novel, the author is close to Onegin: he experiences what is happening together with him, and sometimes tries to condemn or understand him. They are like one whole. While Pushkin was writing the novel “Eugene Onegin,” he became very accustomed to it:

First Onegin's language

I was embarrassed; but I'm used to it -

To his caustic argument,

And as a joke, with bile in half,

And the anger of gloomy epigrams.

At the end of the novel, Pushkin again turns his gaze to those whom he loved in his youth and to whom he remained faithful in heart throughout his short but fruitful life. Therefore, having finished the novel, the poet felt a sense of pride from the accomplished literary feat - the creation of the first Russian realistic novel. But, missing his usual, long-term occupation and feeling lonely without it, the poet was sad, like a day laborer who finished his job and did not receive a new one. After all, Pushkin spent whole days and nights in this difficult and joyful work, without leaving home.

Studying the works of A.S. Pushkin, we are increasingly imbued with respect for his literary activity. Constant interest in his works makes us dive deeper and deeper into the world of his creations. Everything that belongs to Pushkin’s pen is capacious, beautiful, impressive. His immortal works will be studied by more than one generation of readers.

“Eugene Onegin” is a novel to which Pushkin devoted eight long years. The value of this novel for our cultural and spiritual life is undeniable. The novel was written according to new canons - it is a novel in verse. The novel “Eugene Onegin” is a philosophical, historical novel.

Onegin and Lensky are the two central figures of the novel. In order to understand what these heroes are, to understand the concept of the personality of these people, to penetrate deeper into author's intention, let's give them comparative characteristics.

Comparative characteristics of the heroes are given according to the following criteria:
upbringing,
education,
character,
ideals,
attitude towards poetry
attitude towards love
attitude towards life.

Upbringing

Evgeny Onegin. Onegin, by right of birth, belongs to noble family. Under the leadership of a French tutor, Onegin, “a child of fun and luxury,” was brought up in the spirit of aristocracy, far from truly Russian national foundations.

“At first Madame followed him,
Then Monsieur replaced her...
Lightly scolded for pranks
And he took me for walks in the Summer Garden.”

Vladimir Lensky. A humanly attractive character. Handsome, “shoulder-length black curls,” rich, youthfully enthusiastic and ardent. The author is silent on what ideals Lensky was brought up on.

Education

Evgeny Onegin
“We all learned a little, something and somehow,” A.S. Pushkin wisely notes. Onegin was taught in this way “so that the child would not be exhausted.”

Prince P.A. Vyazemsky, a friend of A.S. Pushkin, wrote at one time that according to the canons of that time, insufficiently deep knowledge of the Russian language was allowed, but ignorance of French was not allowed.

“He’s completely French.”
He could express himself and wrote"

What other knowledge did Evgeniy shine with? He was a little familiar with classical literature, Roman, Greek. He was interested in history (“from Romulus to the present day”). He had an idea of ​​the social sciences (“he knew how to judge how the state gets rich and how it lives”), political economy (“but he read Adam Smith”).

“A learned fellow, but a pedant:
He had a lucky talent
No coercion in conversation
Touch everything lightly
With the learned air of an expert.”

In general, Onegin can be characterized as an intelligent person, critical of reality, able to weigh the pros and cons.

Vladimir Lensky
"Half-Russian" student at the University of Göttingen. Quite smart, passionate about philosophy (“fan of Kant”) and poetry.

"He's from foggy Germany
He brought the fruits of learning..."

Perhaps he had a bright future, but most likely

"...a poet
The ordinary one was waiting for his destiny.”

Ideals

Evgeny Onegin. In order to understand Onegin’s ideals, one must understand the very concept of “ideal.” The ideal is what we strive for. What did Onegin strive for? Towards harmony. Which way did he go? Onegin's path is a struggle between the eternal (national) and the temporary (that which settled in the character of the hero thanks to society and the ideals of someone else's, introduced philosophy).

Vladimir Lensky. Lensky's ideal - eternal love and holy friendship until the grave.

Character

Evgeny Onegin. Onegin's character is contradictory and complex, just as his time is complex and contradictory.

What is he like, Onegin?
Onegin is lazy (“which occupied his melancholy laziness all day”), proud, indifferent. He is a hypocrite and a flatterer, eager to slander and criticize. Likes to attract attention and philosophize. At the feast of life, Onegin is superfluous. He clearly stands out from the crowd around him and strives to seek the meaning of life. He's sick of hard work. Boredom, melancholy, loss of direction in life, skepticism are the main signs “ extra people", to which Onegin belongs.

Vladimir Lensky. Lensky is the complete opposite of Onegin. There is nothing rebellious in Lensky's character.

What is he like, Lensky?
Enthusiastic, freedom-loving, dreamy. He is a romantic, a sincere person, with a pure soul, not spoiled by the light, direct, honest. But Lensky is not ideal. The meaning of life is a mystery to him.

“The purpose of our life is for him
Was a tempting mystery..."

Lensky and Onegin are different. But at the same time, they are similar: both do not have a worthwhile business, reliable prospects, they lack fortitude.

Attitude to poetry

Evgeny Onegin.“Yawning, I picked up the pen and wanted to write...” For which literary material Onegin decided to take on? It is unlikely that he intended to write poetry. “He could not distinguish iambic from trochee, No matter how hard we fought, to distinguish...” At the same time, it cannot be said that Onegin was averse to poetry. He did not understand the true purpose of poetry, but he was engaged in poetry. He wrote epigrams. (An epigram is a small satirical poem ridiculing a person or social phenomenon).

"And make the ladies smile
Fire of unexpected epigrams"

Vladimir Lensky. Lensky's attitude towards poetry is the most favorable. Lensky is a poet, romantic, dreamer. And who is not a romantic at eighteen? Who doesn’t secretly write poetry or awaken the lyre?

Attitude towards love

Evgeny Onegin.“Considered to be disabled in love, Onegin listened with an important look...” Onegin’s attitude towards love is skeptical, with a certain amount of irony and pragmatism.

Vladimir Lensky. Lensky is a singer of love.
“He sang love, obedient to love,
And his song was clear..."

Attitude to life

Evgeny Onegin. Onegin's views on life: life is meaningless, empty. There is no worthy goal in life to strive for.

Vladimir Lensky. Romantics, with their ardent spirit and enthusiastic speeches, are alien to a deep view of life.

Conclusion

A.S. Pushkin is the great son of the Russian land. He was given the opportunity to open a new page in Russian literature.

Onegin and Lensky are antipodes. Onegin is a man in whom a good beginning lies dormant, but his superficial “ideals” lead to constant conflicts and internal disharmony.

Lensky is freedom-loving, dreamy and enthusiastic; he firmly believes in his ideals. But he is cut off from his native soil, he has no inner core.

Lesson Objectives

• Educational
- continue acquaintance with the main character of the novel; based on Chapter 1, determine the causes of Onegin’s blues; by comparing the hero with the author, find out why the hero’s attempts to fight the blues ended in failure.
• Developmental
- develop the ability to analyze the text of a work of art; construct your statements competently and reasonably; make a comparative description of the characters.
• Educational
- to educate a thoughtful reader who respects poetic word; to cultivate a correct understanding of the meaning of life and the purpose of man.

Lesson progress

Examination homework: based on chapter 1 of the novel, describe one day in the life of Onegin and answer the question why only one day from his life in St. Petersburg is described in detail by Pushkin.

Explanation of new material. Let's try to find out Onegin's attitude to the events of this day. Let's find key words that will help us understand what the hero experiences throughout the day (as a result, the following entry is made in the notebooks):

Onegin's awakening - "it's all the same."

Onegin in the theater is “dissatisfied,” “looked distracted,” “yawned,” “tired.”

Onegin in his office - “fearing jealous condemnations, he was a pedant in his clothes,” “he spent at least three hours in front of mirrors” (we note along the way that “fear of jealous condemnations” will lead the hero to a tragic mistake: Onegin will not dare to refuse a duel with Lensky precisely for this reason).

Onegin at the ball - “half asleep in bed he is leaving the ball.”

Conclusion: the hero “doesn’t care” how his day goes, he’s bored at the theater and at the ball, only in the office he spends “three hours” working on his appearance, apparently he hasn’t gotten tired of it yet. What was the result similar image life? In chapters XXXVII and XXXVIII we read (and write):

"...early feelings in him cooled down;
To him got bored light noise:
Treason tire we had time,
Friends and friendship tired of:"

"...fell out of love he finally
And abuse, and saber, and lead: "

"...to life at all cooled down.
Nothing didn't touch his,
Didn't notice he's okay."

What does the author call this state of Onegin? This is the “Russian blues,” otherwise “mourning laziness” (VIII stanza), “spiritual emptiness” (XLIV stanza). What is the reason for the “mourning laziness”, which resulted in the formation of a “emptiness” in the hero’s soul? The answer is contained in stanza XXXVI of chapter 1. Let's write down the following words and concepts: “fun and luxury child”, “brilliant victories”, “everyday pleasures” (that’s why Onegin was so attentive to his appearance: leading such a lifestyle, it is necessary to look impeccable). The hero’s life is “monotonous and empty,” as entertainment replaces one another, but there is nothing in it except entertainment! So, the blues are a natural result of a life spent on “fun” and “pleasure”.

However, Onegin does not give up, he tries to find a way out of the state of blues, begins to fight with it (an entry is made in the notebook):

- “Onegin locked himself at home, yawning, took up his pen, wanted to write - but he was sick of persistent work; nothing came out of his pen.”

- “He read and read, but to no avail,” “like women, he left the books.”

- “Two days seemed new to him
Secluded fields:
On the third grove, hill and field
He was no longer occupied;
Then they induced sleep;
Then he saw
That in the village the boredom is the same: "

We see that all Onegin's attempts are doomed to failure. No matter what he did, “the blues were waiting for him on guard.” We’ll answer why this is a little later, but now let’s turn to the second acting person 1 chapter - to the author. He calls Onegin his good friend, and they really have a lot in common (we find everything together): common age, upbringing, common friends, character traits, lifestyle. But the author emphasizes: “I am always glad to notice the difference between Onegin and me.” What is this difference? Let's compare the attitude of Onegin and the author to life events and phenomena (an entry is made in notebooks):

Here is the answer to the question why Onegin’s attempts to get rid of the blues were fruitless. The author has work, creativity, and this fills his life with meaning, gives him optimism, and is a cure for all diseases:

"Love has passed, the muse has appeared:
I write, and my heart does not yearn:" (LIX stanza)

The author is also familiar with disappointment and blues, but he managed to overcome this illness. Nature, friends, love, creativity are always with him. Onegin, whose life is made up of pleasures and entertainment, is not accustomed to work, does not know what creativity is (but that’s for now, in a few years he will write a letter to Tatyana, not inferior in the strength of feelings and perfection of form to Pushkin’s own love lyrics). But now Onegin’s “inimitable strangeness”, “involuntary devotion to dreams” and “sharp, chilled mind” find application only in “caustic disputes”, in “jokes with bile in half”, and in the “anger of gloomy epigrams”.

Let us remember which of the heroes of Russian literature this characteristic can be attributed to. (To Chatsky).

Homework.

Chatsky, Molchalin, Onegin are people of about the same age. Onegin and Chatsky are nobles, they could easily meet at one of the balls and receptions. Molchalin, as the secretary of the Moscow “ace”, could also end up there. Think about what position Onegin would have taken in relation to Chatsky and Molchalin, how his relationship with both of them might have developed. Give reasons for his point of view.

Literature: Dolinina N.G. Let's read "Onegin" together. Pechorin and our time: Essay - L.: Det. lit., 1985