Museum positions. Job description of a museum caretaker

There are 10 days left until the “Night of Museums”, the most nervous and hectic night for all museum workers of the year. Trud looked at how easy it is to work in a museum.

“It’s a hectic job every day of the year,” says a former employee Tretyakov Gallery And Historical Museum Vladimir Gulyaev. “The museum worker is always busy either checking the movement of exhibits or filling out a book for the arrival of new exhibits.”

The description of a museum exhibit is a long and labor-intensive procedure; it is necessary so that in the event of loss and then discovery the item can be identified. Imagine how to describe a Scythian figurine so as not to confuse it with another? Or a Qin Dynasty porcelain plate? Or the sword of the crusaders?

Only higher education

Most often, museum workers are graduates of art history faculties of humanitarian universities or history departments of large universities and pedagogical institutes. They need to know the culture different countries and eras, be able to distinguish the original from the copy. Among museum workers there are those who studied technical expertise in universities and know the characteristics of canvases and paints and can talk about how they change over time.

Each museum researcher specializes in a certain period or even personality. “All my life I have been studying the history of the Decembrist uprising and the fate of the Decembrists,” says Anna Leonidovna from Moscow. But narrow specialization does not hinder the employee, and leading excursions is additional income, albeit a very small one. In different regions, a guide can receive from 100 to 1000 rubles per excursion. Those who know a foreign language and can work with foreigners receive the most. “That’s why there are many foreign language graduates among the tour guides. Especially in the cities of the Golden Ring - Suzdal, Rostov, Pereslavl-Zalessky,” sums up guide Ksenia from Rostov.

Working for an idea

In most museums, older people, most often retired, are hired as caretakers. Often these are former school teachers. The salary of such workers is the smallest - it rarely exceeds 8 thousand rubles per month.

Opening hours: 2/2 or five days a week, but always on weekends, because museums are open six days. Closed on weekdays, as Saturday and Sunday have the most visitors.

Employees of the collection department, where the exhibits are stored, start working a little later. Their salary is 10-15 thousand rubles per month, depending on the scientific titles of the employee and work experience. For example, a senior researcher at a museum with 10 years of experience and publications can receive 25 thousand rubles per month. IN major museums In Moscow and St. Petersburg, the salary is slightly higher than in the regional ones, but there is also much more work there: the museum fund is huge, it can occupy several rooms. Try to keep track of the presence and safety of exhibits!

“The overwhelming number of museum employees are very honest people, they are distinguished by their dedication,” says Vladimir Gulyaev.

Employees in the shadows

Museum fund employees have a work plan for the day and for the year. They must check the existence of works with what is in the books of account.

Employees who work directly with museum valuables and funds, as a rule, combine several positions. They work as tour guides, and not only in their field. “We hold costume parties for children, where we talk about the history of the region and drink tea from a samovar,” says Marina from a museum near Moscow. She played Baba Yaga.

The second option for researchers, the vast majority of whom are candidates of science, to earn money is by teaching at colleges or universities. They teach students history, philosophy, religious studies, history of civilizations, and sociology. For teaching you can get another 20-30 thousand a month.

And finally, the riskiest way to make money is to participate in archaeological excavations, which are held by museums or research institutes in the summer. Getting there is quite difficult - you need to have a suitable profile. So, if a museum researcher specializes in the era of Yaroslav the Wise and during excavations it is planned to study monuments of precisely this era, then you are welcome.

Manuscript funds

Until recently, museum workers kept records of exhibits using “barn books” - each work of art was entered into the accounting book manually. Handwritten accounting was a requirement of the old instructions written back in the 1980s. Now museums are switching to electronic accounting systems, but not everywhere.

Exhibits often move: from collections to exhibitions, from hall to hall, they “tour” to museums in other cities and return back.

If anyone gets bored in museums, Gulyaev says, it’s the caretakers. And then mostly in small exhibitions. These are usually older people with higher education. “But if you work hard, you never get bored. Here at the Tretyakov Gallery they are all sitting on pins and needles: the flow of visitors is large, God forbid anything happens,” he comments.

Theft

Hectic work

1. On December 11, 1994, 92 ancient unique manuscripts with a total value of about 140 million dollars were removed from the premises of the Russian National Library.

2. In the same year, a Hermitage electrician stole an ancient Egyptian bowl worth about 500 thousand dollars from the museum.

3. On April 6, 1999, as a result of an armed raid on the Russian Museum in St. Petersburg, two paintings by Vasily Perov were stolen. The works were found in a storage room at the Warsaw railway station.

4. On December 5, 1999, 16 paintings by Russian artists, including Repin and Shishkin, were stolen from the Museum of the Russian Academy of Arts.

5. On March 22, 2001, a painting by the French artist Jean-Leon Gerome, at one time personally purchased by Alexander III, was cut out of a stretcher in the Hermitage.

6. On May 28, 2002, two paintings by marine painters were stolen from the Museum of the Naval Corps of Peter the Great. Works worth about 190 thousand dollars were taken out of the museum by a cadet at the Naval Institute.

7. In August 2003, it became known that two paintings by Aivazovsky and Savrasov, worth about $2 million, had gone missing from the Astrakhan State Art Gallery. Four years ago, the restorer removed the originals from the museum and returned the copies.

8. In August 2004, in the city of Ples, Ivanovo region, a painting by Shishkin was stolen from the Museum of Landscape.

9. On July 31, 2008, it became known that 221 exhibits, valued at 130 million rubles, had gone missing from the Hermitage.

10. On April 1, 2008, four of his paintings were stolen from Roerich’s apartment-museum in Moscow. The value of the missing paintings is estimated at millions of euros.

11. On February 15, 2010, the collection of icons of Mikhail de Boire disappeared from the Tsaritsyno State Museum-Reserve, where it was in storage. The cost of the icons is about 30 million dollars.

Rules

The International Council of Museums of UNESCO (ICOM) was founded in 1946. At the moment, it includes about 17 thousand members from 150 countries with its own Code of Museum Ethics. When translated into Russian, the text underwent museum and linguistic verification.

According to the code, museum workers must first of all behave appropriately at all times and everywhere. He is allowed to oppose actions that harm the museum. A separate clause for museum workers stipulates that they cannot support the illegal market for valuables. Also, a museum worker, when communicating with people, is expected to perform his professional duties competently and at a high level.

My childhood is inextricably linked with local history museum, where my mother has worked for many years. I remember well how in the new museum building an entire wall was “transformed” with the help of mosaics into an exclusive painting depicting our city. And how many impressions were there from the archeology hall, which was gradually filled with interesting rare exhibits. And although journalism has become my life’s work, I believe that I have little to do with museum professions.

Personnel decides everything

Work in state (central, regional, regional, municipal) and private museums and galleries is very responsible. It requires from people who have chosen the profession of a museum worker, general culture, erudition, commitment, attentiveness... These specialists need to know the culture of different countries and eras, be able to distinguish an original from a copy. As a rule, museum workers enter the profession after graduating from history departments at state universities and pedagogical institutes, as well as art history departments from humanities universities. But this is not a necessary condition. Some positions are successfully filled by people with specialized secondary education.

The concept of “museum worker” combines several professions:

• guardians,
• scientific staff,
• methodologists,
• tour guides,
• exhibitors,
• caretakers.

In addition, museums always have work for artists, restorers, taxidermists...

What do museum staff do?

The main purpose of the museum is to collect and store cultural heritage of the past. This important task is performed by custodians working in the stock departments. They are the ones who provide accounting, storage and scientific description of exhibits; preparing them for introduction into scientific circulation, completing the museum collection. They are also involved in compiling an electronic database and providing advisory assistance. By the way, they don’t teach to be guardians at universities. Traditionally, people take this profession from other museum departments after they take a closer look and observe how responsible and decent a person is.

The professional interests of researchers include conducting various studies, organizing conferences and other events, publishing scientific collections, publishing articles in the media. Depending on which department they belong to, they organize thematic exhibitions and conduct excursions, keep records and control of museum attendance, and help local historians in studying the history of their native land.

Another one in demand museum profession- tour guide. This is an interesting, creative and at the same time responsible job. In addition to the text of the excursion, you need to know a lot of different information, master the methodology for presenting it, and have the technique of public speaking. Experienced guides have good organizational skills, excellent memory and, don’t be surprised, artistry. After all, the excursion is written like a scientific report, and for visitors it is “played” like a performance. This approach helps to retain the attention of tourists, especially schoolchildren.

But without someone they won’t let you into the museum, it’s the caretakers. They work in the same rooms, where they carefully and unobtrusively keep an eye on visitors. Caretakers ensure the safety of exhibits, monitor cleanliness and ensure that the rules of conduct in the museum are followed. Typically, these positions are occupied by ladies of retirement age, for whom the caretaker’s modest salary is a good opportunity to earn extra money.

A museum worker is, first of all, love and dedication to his profession. My mother has been head of the fund department for over twenty years. And all these years, work has been a way of life for her. I see how she worries about her business, with what trepidation she treats the storage of exhibits, how carefully she prepares for the opening of the exhibition...

Keep up with the times

It is worth noting that museum workers are successfully mastering modern information technologies, with the advent of which the following have become in demand in museums:

• programmers take part in the creation of directories and maintain the working state software, participate in restoring system functionality in the event of equipment failure;
• work in museums that have organized their websites and pages on social networks; and are simply necessary for virtual museums that have become popular on the Internet;
• public relations specialists prepare information materials for museum websites, print and electronic media, social networks. Museums keep up with the times and organize exhibitions contemporary artists- authors of bright and unusual three-dimensional paintings, as well as interactive animated films.

Museum "secrets"

If you decide to work in a museum, you should know:

· this will be difficult for a person prone to allergies, since there is a possibility of contact with allergens (book dust);

· museums are open for visits six days a week; you will have to rest on weekdays, because there are the most visitors on Saturday and Sunday. These were the main museum professions.

By the way, experienced specialists advise all future museum workers who are just planning to enter a university to study history, study the history of religion, literature and foreign languages, and the natural sciences.

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The Village continues to talk about how people of different professions plan their income and expenses. In this episode - a museum worker. According to the Ministry of Culture, the average salary of employees of cultural institutions, which include museums, in 2016 was about 59 thousand rubles in Moscow and 50 thousand in St. Petersburg. Also last year, the department published a report on the earnings of heads of state museums, according to which CEO The Hermitage Mikhail Piotrovsky received 839 thousand rubles monthly, and the general director of the Tretyakov Gallery Zelfira Tregulova received 437 thousand rubles. A young employee of a large state museum located in St. Petersburg told us what his responsibilities are, what salary he receives and what he spends his money on.

Job title

Museum employee

Income

30,000 rubles

(including quarterly bonuses)

Expenses

10,000 rubles

9,000 rubles

debt recovery

3,000 rubles

transport

3,000 rubles

2,000 rubles

alcohol

2,000 rubles

1,000 rubles

entertainment

How to get to work at the museum

I grew up in a family associated with art, and I remember being a child in a museum with my parents. I had not yet thought what specialty I would choose, but it seemed to me some kind of magic that a person looks at a painting and sees not just the plot, canvas and oil, but the context, the connections of this work with others, the history of creation and ending up in the museum, the artist’s techniques . I went to study as an art critic at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts named after Repin. This is a very important place, where art historians, graphic artists, sculptors, and architects coexist in one building, where you can enter the workshops and watch how they work. There is no such situation as in some universities, where they also teach art history, when a student studies art history, but has never seen an artist.

A significant part of the people who work in St. Petersburg museums are graduates of the Academy of Arts. In museums, there is always a need for laboratory assistants, therefore, if a position appears, they remember those who did internships, practical training and somehow proved themselves. This happened to me too. Now I am 23 years old and I have been working at the museum for four years.

Sometimes a person who wants to get a job in a museum thinks that he will do research, but not everyone understands that a museum is a huge system in which, in addition to departments related to science and art, there is a lot more - even electricians and mechanics, security service. It often happens that you have to wait for the right rate for years. For example, you study Japanese art, so you want to work in the Oriental department, but a position has appeared in the scientific documentation department or the scientific and educational department. You have to go there and wait until, perhaps, you are invited to the desired department. Our employees are completely different. There are those who come with sparkling eyes. Some people need the status of working in a large state museum, and I even know many destinies that could have turned out better if people did not hesitate to move to other museums or organizations for fear of losing this status. But it is clear that no one comes to work in any museum in Russia because of material gain.

Features of work

The mission of a laboratory assistant in any department is to remove routine responsibilities from scientific workers so that they can do scientific work, preparation for exhibitions and conferences. I talked with colleagues from different scientific departments, and I got the impression that we do the same things, they just sometimes differ due to the specifics of the department: paintings are stored somewhere, archeology is stored somewhere. A laboratory assistant is a mixture of a secretary, a courier, a rigger and a handyman. Often people call us on the phone to get some information about paintings, events, and I answer such calls. If employees from another department come to the department, I also accompany them. State Museum- this is always a bureaucracy, here we depend on a huge number of papers, signatures, and seals.

There is especially a lot of paper work during preparation for an exhibition, if the exhibits are not from Russian collections, but from abroad. Drawing up memos, checking documents, collecting signatures and seals is also the job of a laboratory assistant. When colleagues come to us, for example from the Louvre or the British Museum, we need to meet them at the airport and escort them to Peterhof and Gatchina - this, again, is done by the laboratory assistant. As a courier, sometimes you need to go to the office and receive parcels and letters. Sometimes you arrive before dawn and check if everything is ready for the conference and if the projector is working. Each scientific department in the museum has a library, and for the most part girls work there. There are a lot of books, they are heavy and dusty, and laboratory assistants are always ready to help carry these books where they need to be.

In general, laboratory assistants are responsible for all movements of dusty and heavy objects - stacks of books, boxes, packages. Senior researchers, respectable masters and ladies in shawls will not do this. Laboratory assistants are mostly young people who have just graduated from higher education. educational institution or still receiving education by correspondence, they are from 20 to 30 years old. This is exactly the age when you can do this kind of work the best way. If you need to get a signature very quickly in another part of the building, you can literally run there, at the same time remembering all the films you know where the characters ran around museums.

The next step after a laboratory assistant is the position of a junior research fellow, then there is a research fellow, a leading researcher, a senior research fellow, and a custodian. Research workers are already people who are 30–35 years old, leading and senior, respectively, even older. But these promotions come not only due to length of service, but also due to publications and other achievements. At the same time, you need to constantly develop, monitor what is happening with the area of ​​your research throughout the world. And for this you need to constantly go to the library, visit other museums, compare things, communicate at international conferences with your colleagues.

There are employees who, somewhere after 30 years of age, decide that they are quite satisfied with the position of laboratory assistant or junior researcher, and stop developing. These are quite conservative people with whom it can be difficult for me to discuss topics of science and art. They sometimes allow themselves to express themselves in a way that is inadmissible even for the average person, for example, they can say: “Malevich is not an artist at all, my child can draw better.”

I work five days a week from 09:00 to 18:00, but for a museum employee the work does not end with the completion working day, and continues in his free time. After work, I often go to exhibitions and read books on art. Museum workers have an important privilege: they have the right to free entry to museums in Russia and some other countries using a special ICOM card. This type of leisure activity on weekends is very popular among my friends: you buy the cheapest ticket for a reserved seat on a train that arrives in Moscow in the morning. From the station you run to the Tretyakov Gallery, the Pushkin Museum, the Museum of Architecture, look at exhibitions, and so on until six o’clock. In the evening you go to the gallery, which can be open until eight, then you meet with your Moscow acquaintances, also employees of museums or other cultural institutions, and then you go back on the night train.

People from St. Petersburg travel to Moscow for exhibitions much more often than vice versa. Still, Moscow is a very cool city in terms of exhibition policy. We also have many museums, but not all of them have their own programs, interesting projects. Museum practices that are used in Moscow come to us only after several years, and not always in the right form. This often happens due to St. Petersburg snobbery and the stereotype of the cultural capital.

Income

My wage- 22 thousand rubles per month. Some may think that this is not enough, but there are St. Petersburg museums where employees receive much less. Once again, every few months there is a quarterly bonus - approximately 30–40 thousand. The bonus depends on the season and museum attendance, but probably only people in the accounting department can accurately calculate it. When you receive 22 thousand, expenses often exceed this amount, and it turns out that debts accumulate, and after receiving the bonus, I return the money to everyone from whom I borrowed.

All the lab technicians I know take help from their parents in one way or another. Some are given money, others are paid for housing, others are bought clothes or brought food. Parents understand that their children cannot cope without such support. My parents took on part of my expenses - housing and mobile communications.

Expenses

On average, I spend at least 3 thousand a month on books on art history and museum practices. I go to the bookstore “Everyone is Free”, where the cool guys work. When I don't have money and I see that there is only one copy of a book left, I ask them to put it aside for me for a week or two. Sometimes it happens that this bookstore calls me and says that they have a book in stock that might be of interest to me. Then I get into another debt, buy it and switch to eating mixed vegetables for 60 rubles.

I go for free not only to museums, but also to national film weeks at Rodina or Giant Park. I try to maintain the level of knowledge foreign languages to communicate with colleagues from other countries, and for this I watch films without translation. There are several cinemas in St. Petersburg that show films in the original language with subtitles, but I don’t go to daytime screenings because of work, and a ticket to an evening screening costs comparable to the price of a not-so-expensive book on art history or curating. Sometimes I invite friends over to join me in watching a movie that they somehow downloaded in advance, because I don’t have the Internet at home. I'm not afraid that with the Internet I'll plunge into the abyss of procrastination, I'm absolutely sure of that. The books I buy will end up growing into a huge pile and collecting dust. And so I protected myself from the temptation to go online, read an article on Colta, then another, then go to Art Guide and, in addition, watch a couple of documentaries in the evening.

I spend about 3 thousand a month on transport. On average, it also costs about a couple of thousand for clothes. I don't buy it every month, but usually wait until Uniqlo has a sale and pick up a few basic items there. This way I’ll have peace of mind for three or four months, because I have simple clothes that can withstand the dust and dirt that part of the museum work entails. After all, there is such a law: when you buy yourself a new white shirt and come to work in it, it is on this day that you will need to drag dusty archive folders.

I spend about 8-10 thousand a month on food. Lunch is a very interesting part of my working day. My friends and I have this theory: it’s when you start taking food from home in a container that you stop being young. In addition, the museum is a rather dusty place, so it’s a good idea to get out of it for at least an hour during the working day to get some fresh air and stretch your legs. Since a significant part of the museums are located in the center, you can catch some exhibition at lunchtime, and then just grab shawarma or falafel on the go. Sometimes we visit new places that open not far from the museum, evaluate the development of gastronomy - this is also interesting and deserves attention. We have a canteen in the museum, but they cook there from ingredients that not everyone eats for one reason or another, so we don’t eat there.

Since I live in St. Petersburg, I have constant expenses for alcohol. I don't drink a bottle of wine every night, but on average it costs a couple thousand a month. Recently, the Chronicle bar celebrated its birthday, and at least a thousand were definitely left there.

When they give out a bonus and some additional money appears, I, as a rule, pay off the debts. I can also go to an exhibition in Moscow or another city where I have friends who are ready to provide accommodation for the night.

State budget shabby educational institution cities

Moscow Department of Education

South-Western District Education Department

State budgetary educational institution

Moscow city "School No. 2115"

City Festival “The Thread that Connects Time: A Lesson in the School Museum”

Nomination No. 2 – for students primary classes

Interactive lesson “KEEPERS OF HISTORY”

Primary school teacher

Snegireva Olga Vladimirovna

PROGRESS OF THE CLASS

I . Setting a goal and determining the topic of the lesson

Leading: Today we will go on a journey through amazing world museums. Our lesson is called “Keepers of History”. (Slide 1)

And to find out who they are, let's take a look at this museum. (Slide 2)

IN: - But we will not enter through the main entrance! Today we need.. this door! (slide 2)

What does this inscription mean? Who is this entrance for? (children's answers )

Can you guess what the topic and purpose of today's lesson will be? (children's answers )

Today you will meet people who work in museums. (Slide 3) Find out what they do, what their responsibilities are. We will also discuss what qualities people in these professions should have.

II . Work on the topic of the lesson

IN: We will conduct the lesson in the form of a game. Let's divide into four groups. Each group will act as museum employees.

And one very nice character will help us with this.

Let's imagine this situation. (Slide 4) A little girl came to one of the museums and brought a gift. (slide and display box )

Can a toy become a museum exhibit? (children's answers ) Let's see what's in the box? (discussion of the Olympic Bear toy )

Leading: - Let's find out what happens to an object when it becomes a museum exhibit.

1. The first employee whose work we will get acquainted with is...

Student: … GUARDIAN OF MUSEUM COLLECTIONS Slide 5

U: There are chief curators in all museums. Our main responsibility is to work with museum objects and be responsible for their good fate. We accept all items received by the museum. The curator must determine the value of the new item and enter it into a specific museum collection. We are constantly monitoring safety of exhibits, we monitor their condition. Also, the museum curator draws up plans for exhibitions and writes reports on the work of the museum.

IN: - When receiving a gift of historical and cultural objects, the custodian of museum funds draws up a special document calledacceptance certificate .(Slide 6) It is compiled in two copies: one will remain in the museum, the other - with the donor. A representative from the Museum Keepers group will complete this document. (on sheet A3 )

IN: - Simultaneously with the receipt of the item, the museum curator makesentry in the General Inventory Book. (Slide 7) This is the most important document for recording and protecting all museum exhibits. (show the museum inventory book )

Let's try to make a record like this (One student from the “Museum Keepers” group takes notes on an A3 sheet )

After an item is assigned an accounting number in the book, it is applied to the exhibit itself. How should it be placed? (children's answers )

That's right, the inscription is made like this:so as not to spoil appearance subject. (keepers put the number with a marker )

The museum curator asks the donor for information about the item. Such information is called"legends"

This is how the legend for our Mishka could have been compiled (Slide 8)

Student: The curators of the museum fund have another important task: to bring a new exhibit into the card index museum (Slide 9) Each card contains all the information about the item, its legend, sometimes even a photograph.

U: - What do you think the file cabinet is for? (children's answers) The cards are arranged in alphabetical order and allow you to quickly find information about any exhibit.

IN: So, Mishka became one of the exhibits of the museum. The group of curators of the museum fund successfully coped with their responsibilities. Let's think about what qualities a person in this profession should have? (children's answers )

deep knowledge of history, art history,

responsibility;

accuracy and precision in work;

good memory.

Leading: - Let's continue getting acquainted with the museum staff. The curators of the museum fund wrote down in the Inventory Book that our Mishka is in complete safety. But this is not always the case. Look at this toy (show ) How many of you guessed what profession we are about to meet?

2. RESTORER Slide 10

Student: Restorer – specialist in the preservation and restoration of museum objects. The restorer’s task is not just to update the object, but to preserve its features; the spirit of the time in which he appeared.

Each subject requires a special approach. Therefore, before starting work, the restorer consults with historians, archaeologists, chemists and other experts. Sometimes restorers have to restore heavily damaged exhibits. But, thanks to the painstaking work of these masters, a real miracle happens! (Slides 11,12)

Leading: - We recently attended an exhibition in the Kremlin. Remember how we looked at the ancient royal towel. There were many small holes on it.. But why didn’t the restorers restore it? (approximate answer: a royal towel darned or patched would look ridiculous... The restorers only strengthened the fabric from the inside out so that the damage would not increase and would be less noticeable!)

Dear restorers, take a look at the Bear. Please outline the progress of restoration work. (Children's answers )

What qualities should a restorer have? (children's answers )

A reverent, careful attitude towards museum objects,

A penchant for manual labor

Interest in visual and applied arts,

Perseverance, accuracy,

Ability to concentrate.

IN: We thank our restorers for Good work! And Mishka falls into the capable hands of the next specialist.

3. (Slide 13)EXHIBITOR

IN: –Try to guess what people in this profession do? (children's answers )

Thismuseum researcher participating in the creation of the exhibition. Museum exhibition– a group of objects related by a single content. (Slide 14)

Can we say that this slide shows a museum exhibition? Why? (children's answers )

In the exhibition, all the objects seem to “help” each other: they emphasize the features of each of them, complement the information contained in them.

He will tell you in more detail about the work of exhibitors... (student’s name).

(According to slide 15)

Student: - Place objects can be used in different ways. Can create some kind of story (show on slide) or post museum items in a clear system (shown on slide)

Labels are placed near each exhibit (display). The label indicates the name of the item, information about the material from which it is made, and the time in which it was created. There may be explanatory text nearby. It contains more detailed information about this subject.

IN: - Tell me, please, should there be bright light in the museum so that everything can be seen?

U: No, most often the light in the halls of the museum is dim and dim.

IN: How to view the exhibits?

U: With the help of lighting! (Slide 16)Directional light highlights individual objects very well and allows you to see all the details.

IN: Now we will ask a group of exhibitors to design a museum window. You can use not only the Bear, but also other exhibits. Don't forget the main rule:

they must be connected by some common content! (Creative work of a group of children: from a set of toys, souvenirs and labels, students select objects with Olympic symbols and create a museum exhibition )

Leading: - Creating a museum exhibition is a long process, requiring painstaking creative work. What depends on the competent work of the exhibitor? (children's answers )

Name the qualities that are important for this specialist (answers)

Artistic taste,

Creative skills

Attentiveness, accuracy

So, the exposition is ready. The bear has taken its rightful place in our museum. And now we will see the work of another employee. Can you guess who we're talking about? (children's answers )

Tells about the profession...(student's name)

4 . GUIDE (Slide 17)

U: The guide conducts a tour of the museum and accompanies the inspection of the exhibits with stories and explanations. The guide himself picks up and studies historical materials and trains excursion text on a specific topic.

The guides can tell you a fascinating story about each museum exhibit and answer many additional questions. The more a specialist knows, the more interesting his story will be. The guide must be an artistic person and must be able to speak in front of an audience.

Q: Let's try to add to the list of qualities necessary for people in this profession. (children's answers )

Important qualities

Good memory,

A culture of speech,

Interest in new knowledge,

Goodwill,politeness, patience in dealing with people.

And now we invite you on a short excursion!

(The student conducts a short excursion-impromptu)

III. Summing up the lesson. Reflection of activity.

Q: I suggest you take a short “Find out a profession” test. Before you are photographs. Each group must find out “their” profession and hold up a card with this number.

Slide 19 ( distribute signal cards to the tables )

(IN The groups discuss the slide for a minute, then, at the teacher’s signal, they raise the cards. Checking answers. )

IN: - Our game has come to an end. Let's remember what our lesson was called. (Keepers of History) Slide 20 Who can be called that? Why? (children's answers )

All museum employees can be called guardians of history. They study and preserve ancient, unique objects; exhibit them, tell people about them. Behind each exhibit is the work of many museum workers.

And let us conclude with words of gratitude to all the Keepers of History!

Students:

History doesn't like fuss.
She will just smile from above,
When on yellowed pages
Let's see in years and centuries.
Talk leisurely with her,
Keep the breath of ancient times
You, museum workers, are capable.

And we are grateful to you for this!

Every day they come to the same museum halls, take their place and unobtrusively watch the visitors. No one will allow guests to the exhibition without them. Caretakers make sure that no one who comes to enjoy the art violates museum rules. What mistakes do Tomsk residents often make at exhibitions, what else, besides observation, is the responsibility of the caretaker, what paintings make a special impression on guests? All the details were told to us by Ekaterina Mikhailova, the caretaker of two halls of the permanent exhibition of the Tomsk Regional Art Museum.

When visitors appear in the adjacent museum hall, Ekaterina Mikhailova turns on the light and waits for the guests to come view the exhibits presented in her “domain”:

Visitors come into “my” hall - I get up and meet them, say hello, the majority also greet me, explains Ekaterina Ivanovna. “Then I quietly and carefully watch them, it’s not for nothing that we are called caretakers.” Many people touch the paintings with their hands or bend over so that they touch the works with their heads; this is prohibited because it is harmful to the paintings. Then I make comments, politely say: “Sorry, please, you can’t touch anything.” According to the rules, the distance from a person to a painting should be 40 cm. We try to remind people of our rules politely, so as not to spoil the mood of our guests. The duty of making a comment is the most difficult thing for me in our work. I understand: a person came to relax, see an exhibition, and then they come up to him and begin to prohibit something. It is important not to offend a person, to be friendly, but at the same time quite strict.

True, most guests treat such comments with understanding. Conflicts rarely arise. Although sometimes people begin to be indignant, they say that in museums abroad they are allowed to touch exhibits with their hands. Then such guests are reminded that the permanent exhibition presents masterpieces, these are originals, truly ancient works created in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. If everyone touches them, they won’t last long.

Other violations that visitors commit include entering museum halls with large bags and outerwear. Such guests will not be allowed into the halls, but will be politely sent to the cloakroom. Outerwear in the halls is undesirable due to the abundance of street dust and bacteria, which are very harmful to paintings. And large bags are a safety issue.

Museum caretakers have a lot of safety instructions. The chief curator of the art museum, Olga Komarova, introduces all the rules to the hall staff. But all points are quite doable:
“All the requirements are accessible to a person of our age,” says Ekaterina Ivanovna. - You must be honest, responsible, observant, have good hearing and vision.

Caretakers are hired after an interview with the chief custodian and administrator. They look at the work book. Usually they try to find people by recommendation - after all, the responsibility here is high, but the salary is the opposite. You have to work from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. with virtually no breaks. You can only leave for 15 minutes for lunch when there are no visitors and be sure to ask the caretaker from the neighboring rooms to observe. Food is usually brought from home with you. Sometimes you can go and have tea behind a screen in one of the halls, but also for no longer than 10 minutes, and notify your neighbor.

Ekaterina Mikhailova has been working at the museum for 17 years. First she came to the position of caretaker, and then became an administrator. But 2 years ago I returned to the museum halls and felt that I wanted something quieter:

The administrator’s job is difficult,” explains Ekaterina Ivanovna. - All the caretakers are subordinate to him, there are many other responsibilities, he needs to know everything that happens in the museum and make sure that there is order everywhere.

Although the museum curator doesn’t have to be bored either. In addition to direct observation, he has plenty of other things to do. Discreetly turn on the lights before guests arrive, so as not to flip the switch in front of them. You also need to pay attention to the special lighting:

Works look good with her,” Ekaterina Ivanovna is sure. - The lighting was installed recently, already under our director Irina Viktorovna Yaroslavtseva. Also with her, display cases called “glasses” appeared, thanks to this we can present those exhibits that were previously stored in storage rooms. For example, in my hall there is a beautiful vase painted in gold in such a display case. It was created at the Imperial Glass Factory in the middle of the 19th century. It is safe in the display case and will not be damaged accidentally. And the lighting allows the vase to appear before visitors in all its glory; without it, the golden pattern would not be so noticeable.

Also, soft, comfortable benches have recently appeared in the halls, on which visitors can relax, because the permanent exhibition of the museum is large, ten halls are located on the second floor, four more on the third. The benches are especially popular with children. On weekends, families come to the museum, and the children get tired, sometimes the little ones can even lie down on the soft benches. Elderly visitors also appreciate the recreational opportunities and often visit the permanent exhibition.

In addition to observation itself, the caretaker has other responsibilities:
“When there are no visitors, we dust off the equipment in the hall,” says Ekaterina Ivanovna. Each caretaker has his own bucket; we wipe the glass of shop windows and window sills with a damp cloth twice a week. Of course, we don’t touch the paintings; they can only be dusted off by research workers. I watched how they took care of the works - they put on a special soft mitten and carefully move it around the exhibit.

Sometimes the caretakers are asked questions - not everyone orders a tour, some watch the exhibition on their own, such visitors often want to clarify something, and they turn to the employee they see in the hall.

We do not have such deep knowledge as tour guides in our job responsibilities“We shouldn’t talk about the paintings,” explains Ekaterina Ivanovna. - But if we can, we answer visitors’ questions. Most of all guests are interested in: “Do you have copies or originals?” We answer that mostly in our halls we display originals, even the frames of the paintings are original. Many people ask about Empress Maria Alexandrovna, whose enormous ceremonial portrait can be seen in the hall where I work. They find out whose wife she was, I tell her that Alexander II.

TO royal family museum caretakers are not indifferent; almost everyone can tell a lot about the Romanov dynasty. They read a lot in the museum: when there are no visitors at the exhibitions, the curators are allowed books of a small format (so that they do not interfere with noticing guests in time). Ekaterina Mikhailova prefers historical novels, loves the works of Edward Radzinsky. And interest in the Romanov dynasty arose partly thanks to the portrait of the empress presented at the exhibition:

This work immediately interested me,” notes Ekaterina Ivanovna. - We also have in the museum interesting portrait Nicholas I, written before he took the throne. Impressed by the work, I took books about the Romanov dynasty from the library, read them with enthusiasm, and then shared them with my colleagues.

According to the observation of Ekaterina Mikhailova, visitors to her halls most often freeze for a long time near the portrait of the Empress and near the painting depicting a frightened peasant girl (children especially like to look at it):

Many people also like two works by the artist Pleshanov - his self-portrait and the image of a girl, they are very good-looking, but, in my opinion, this is too idealized beauty,” Ekaterina Ivanovna shares her impressions. - We have very characteristic works, for example, “Head of an Old Man,” a portrait created by an unknown author, where we see the unusual, expressive, probably once handsome face of an old man.

Ekaterina Mikhailova has been spending her working day in the same two halls for two years now. And she says that she doesn’t get bored with them at all:
- How can you get tired of such masterpieces?! - the caretaker is surprised. - I really love both the paintings presented in the halls and our entire permanent exhibition. I am glad that such a collection of works is in Tomsk, I think this is the brand of our city.

The only thing that upsets the caretaker is the too restrained attitude towards the unique collection of the Tomsk residents themselves. They don’t go to the museum very often, but city guests are delighted with the collection, and even Muscovites and St. Petersburgers, spoiled by museums, are delighted when they encounter authentic works by famous masters in Tomsk. Ekaterina Mikhailova would like townspeople to value more their unique opportunity to enjoy masterpieces.

Text: Maria Anikina